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Electronically FILED by Superior Court of California, County of Los Angeles on 02/13/2020 04:54 PM Sherri R. Carter, Executive Officer/Clerk of Court, by R. Clifton,Deputy Clerk
20STCV06216
Assigned for all purposes to: Stanley Mosk Courthouse, Judicial Officer: Malcolm Mackey
1 JAMES J. PERKINS (SBN 126163)
DENNIS S. NEWITT (SBN 243276)
2 COLMAN LAW GROUP
500 North Brand Boulevard, Suite 2200
Glendale, California 91203
3 TELEPHONE (818)546-8686
FACSIMILE (818)546-8787
4
Attorneys for Plaintiff
5 WAWANESA GENERAL INSURANCE COMPANY
6
7
8 SUPERIOR COURT OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA
9 COUNTY OF LOS ANGELES - CENTRAL DISTRICT
10
11 WAWANESA GENERAL INSURANCE Case No.:
COMPANY, a California Corporation,
12
Plaintiff, COMPLAINT FOR DECLARATORY
13 RELIEF
vs.
14 Notice of Related Cases to be filed concurrently:
VIGEN TSATURYAN, an individual; LASC Case No. 19STCP01840; LASC Case No.
15 ARTIN TSATURYAN, an individual; BC653561
ARMOND TSATURYAN, an individual; and
16 DOES 1 through 20, inclusive,
17 Defendants.
18
19
20 Plaintiff WAWANESA GENERAL INSURANCE COMPANY, a California Corporation,
21 hereby alleges as follows:
22 1. At all times herein relevant, Plaintiff WAWANESA GENERAL INSURANCE
23 COMPANY ("Plaintiff' or "Wawanesa") was a corporation duly qualified to do business in the
24 State of California as an insurance company and is authorized to engage in business in the County
25 of Los Angeles.
26 2. Plaintiff is informed and believes, and thereon alleges, that at all times herein
27 relevant, Defendants VIGENTSATURYAN, ARTINTSATURYAN and ARMOND
28 TSATURYAN were residents of the County of Los Angeles, State of California.
COMPLAINT FOR DECLARATORY RELIEF
1 3. Plaintiff is ignorant of the true names and capacities of the individuals or entities
2 sued herein as DOES 1 through 20, who may have been involved in the acts alleged herein.
3 Plaintiff alleges that each of the DOE defendants sued herein is legally responsible in some
4 manner for the events and happenings referred to herein, and the Plaintiff's damages as alleged
5 were proximately caused by their conduct. Plaintiff therefore sues said Defendants by such
6 fictitious names and will ask leave of court to amend this Complaint to show their true names and
7 capacities when the same has been ascertained.
8 4. At all times herein, Defendants and each of them were the agents, servants, and
9 employees of each Defendant, and in doing the things herein described, were acting within the
10 course and scope of their authority as such agents, servants, and employees.
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<(o 11 5. There are two prior actions filed in Los Angeles County Superior Court that arise
12 from the same set of facts that are the basis for this action for Declaratory Relief, which stem from
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....J 13 an alleged automobile collision of March 21, 2016 ("the Collision"). As set forth below, in Los
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u~ 14 Angeles Superior Court Case No. BC653561, entitled Vigen Tsaturyan, et al. v. Sergo Kutelia, et
15 al., plaintiffs filed a personal injury action alleging bodily injuries and property damage as a result
~ 16 of the Collision. Los Angeles Superior Court Case No. 19STCP01840, entitled Vigen Tsaturyan
17 and Artin Tsaturyan v. Wawanesa Insurance Company, is a petition for an order compelling
18 arbitration in connection with the plaintiffs/petitioners' uninsured motorist claim with Wawanesa
19 stemming from the Collision. These two cases are referred to as the "Underlying Actions."
20 6. Plaintiff is informed and believes, and thereon alleges, that the Underlying Actions,
21 as more particularly set forth below, arise from a staged auto accident, and :fraudulent activity by
22 Defendants, and each of them. Plaintiff thus seeks declaratory relief by way of this action that it
23 owes no coverage to Defendants and owes no further duties under the subject Wawanesa policy
24 and also seeks an Order staying the arbitration hearing by way of a separate motion filed
25 concurrently in Case No. 19STCP01840.
26 BACKGROUND FACTS; THE UNDERLYING ACTIONS
27 7. On March 21, 2016, defendants allege they were involved in an automobile
28 collision with Sergo Kutelia. Defendant Vigen Tsaturyan was the alleged driver of a 2008
2
COMPLAINT FOR DECLARATORY RELIEF
1 Mercedes Benz E350, and defendant Artin Tsaturyan was a passenger. This is described herein as
2 the "Collision". There is an issue at hand as to whether the Collision occurred as claimed or at all.
3 Vigen Tsaturyan was insured under a policy of auto insurance issued by Plaintiff. Defendant
4 Armond Tsaturyan was the registered owner of the Mercedes. The Mercedes was an insured
5 vehicle under the Wawanesa policy. Sergo Kutelia was the alleged driver of a 2002 BMW 525i
6 and was insured under an auto liability policy issued by State Fann Mutual Automobile Insurance
7 Company. The Collision reportedly took place at Bryant Street and Darby Avenue in Northridge,
8 California. A true and accurate copy of the Wawanesa policy ("Policy") is attached as Exhibit 1.
9 8. Sergo Kutelia admitted fault for the alleged Collision. Defendants made bodily
10 injury and property damage claims with Kutelia's carrier, State Fann. On March 7, 2017, Vigen
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<(o 11 Tsaturyan and Artin Tsaturyan filed a Complaint against Sergo Kutelia, LASC Case No.
12 BC653561. On July 7, 2017, State Fann :filed a Complaint for Declaratory Relief against
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13 defendants Sergo Kutelia, Vigen Tsaturyan, Artin Tsaturyan and Armond Tsaturyan, LASC Case
14 No. BC667650. The State Fann complaint sought a judgment against Kutelia that no rights, duties
15 or obligations arose or existed under the State Fann Mutual auto policy, or that any benefits or
~ 16 coverage existed for Vigen Tsaturyan, Artin Tsaturyan, or Armond Tsaturyan.
17 9. On or about March 19, 2018, State Fann obtained a default judgment against
18 Kutelia and the Tsaturyans as these defendants failed to respond or appear in the action. The
19 signed judgment indicated that Kutelia breached the Insured's Duties policy condition, failed to
20 cooperate with State Fann, breached the Concealment and Fraud policy condition, and thus State
21 Fann owed no benefits, coverage, further duties or responsibilities to Kutelia from the March 21,
22 2016, loss. Further, State Fann had no duty or derivative responsibility to Vigen Tsaturyan, Artin
23 Tsaturyan, or Armond Tsaturyan for claims arising from the March 21, 2016, loss, and that the
24 Collision of March 21, 2016, did not occur as claimed and thus did not constitute "an Accident"
25 under the terms of the State Fann policy.
26 10. On May 10, 2019, Vigen Tsaturyan and Artin Tsaturyan filed a Petition for Order
27 Compelling Uninsured Motorist Arbitration against Wawanesa, LASC Case No. 19STCP01840,
28 as a result of State Farm's default judgment and declaration of no coverage under Kutelia's State
3
COMPLAINT FOR DECLARATORY RELIEF
1 Farm policy. The petition was set for hearing on November 4, 2019. The Court's tentative ruling
2 was to grant the petition. The parties submitted on the tentative which became the final order of
3 the Court.
4 11. State Farm and Wawanesa conducted investigations regarding the subject claim.
5 Among other items of concern to Wawanesa, defendants failed to present for Examinations Under
6 Oath as required by the Policy, defendants Vigen and Artin Tsaturyan provided inconsistent and
7 conflicting information regarding their injuries and medical treatment as a result of the collision,
8 the 2008 Mercedes Benz E350 had a history of property damage, including a total loss on January
9 12, 2013, the Mercedes previously had a ''junk" title before its acquisition by defendant Armond
10 Tsaturyan, and defendants Vigen Tsaturyan, Artin Tsaturyan and Armond Tsaturyan each has a
11 significant recent clams history.
12 12. Plaintiff now brings this Declaratory Relief action, contending that no benefits or
13 coverage exist under the Uninsured Motorist provisions of the Policy for defendants based on the
14 alleged staged accident of March 21, 2016, the fraud and non-cooperation provisions of the Policy.
15 FIRST CAUSE OF ACTION
16 DECLARATORY RELIEF AGAINST ALL DEFENDANTS
17 13. Plaintiff incorporates by reference Paragraphs 1 through 12 of this Complaint as
18 though fully set forth herein.
19 14. On or about May 8, 2015, Wawanesa issued a policy of automobile insurance to
20 named insured Vigen Tsaturyan, Policy Number 10023940, which contained Uninsured Motorist
21 coverage limits of $30,000 per person and $60,000 per each occurrence. A true and accurate copy
22 of the Policy is attached as Exhibit 1.
23 15. On or about March 24, 2016, Wawanesa received first notice ofloss in connection
24 with the alleged collision of March 21, 2016. The loss was assigned claim number 01270350. On
25 May 24, 2018, in a letter to claimants' counsel, Wawanesa acknowledged claimants' counsel's
26 forthcoming demand for payment under the Uninsured Motorist Bodily Injury provisions of the
27 Policy.
28 ///
4
COMPLAINT FOR DECLARATORY RELIEF
1 16. An actual controversy has arisen and now exists between Wawanesa and Defendants,
2 and each of them, as to the existence of coverage available under the Policy, in light of Plaintiff's
3 loss investigation and evidence that the loss of March 21, 2016, did not occur as claimed, and was
4 made for the purpose of committing fraud.
5 17. By and through this Complaint, and in keeping with its statutory obligations under
6 the California Insurance Code, Wawanesa seeks relief necessary for a declaration that it owes no
7 coverage, further duties or responsibilities to Defendants under the Policy.
8 WHEREFORE, Plaintiff Wawanesa prays for relief as follows:
9 1. For a judicial declaration that no coverage is owed under Wawanesa General
10 Insurance Policy No. 10023940 for Defendants in relation to the reported Collision of March 21,
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<(o 11 2016 giving rise to Wawanesa claim number 01270350;
~; 12 2. For a judicial declaration that Wawanesa has no duty to provide any insurance
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13 benefits to Defendants under the terms of the Policy in relation to the reported Collision of March
14 21, 2016 giving rise to Wawanesa claim number 01270350;
15 3. That judgment be granted in favor of Wawanesa and for costs of suit herein;
16 4. For such other and further relief as this Court may deem just and proper.
17
18
DATED: February 12, 2020 COLMAN LAW GROUP
19
20
21 BY:_Ll'-"--'-/)WJ........;..;::·~~~'----'----'
- --' ---
JAMES J. PERKINS
22 DENNIS S. NEWITT
Attorneys for Plaintiff WAWANES A
23 GENERAL INSURANCE COMPANY
24
25
26
27
28
5
COMPLAINT FOR DECLARATORY RELIEF
EXHIBIT 1
To Whom It May Concern:
I attest that this is a true and correct copy of the declarations page and policy booklet
for Automobile insurance policy 10023940, in force and in effect at the time of the motor
vehicle incident which occurred on March 21, 2016.
Witness my hand this 11 th day of February 2020.
surance Company
A notary public or other officer completing this certificate verifies only the identity of the
individual who signed the document, to which this certificate is attached, and not the
truthfulness, accuracy, or validity of that document.
State of California )
) ss.
County of San Diego )
Subscribed and sworn to before me on this 11th day of February 2020 by Monica
Perry, proved to me based on satisfactory evidence to be the person who appeared before
me.
Wit~ess my hand and officiat seal.
Notary Public - California
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C~1Jr{lMJt~
otary Public
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San Diego County
Commission# 2175144
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Page I of 1
PERSONAL AUTOMOBILE POLICY
AMENDED COVER PAGE
VIGEN TSATURYAN WAWANESAINSURANCE
405 EAST FAIRVIEW AVE. UNIT 18 9050 FRIARS RD STE 101
GLENDALE CA 91207
SAN DIEGO CA 92108-5865
Telephone: 1-800-640-2920
Policy Number Account Number Policy Period 12:01 A.M. standard time at the address of the
10023940 386641-1 From May 8, 2015 to May 8, 2016 Named Insured as stated herein
Thank you for your continued business with Wawanesa General Insurance Company ("Wawanesa Insurance").
We appreciate the opportunity to provide you with quality coverage and peace of mind knowing that we strive to provide
the most dependable coverage at the lowest price possible.
For information regarding Wawanesa Insurance including products and services, please visit our website at
wawanesa.com.
Please review your amended Policy Declaration. This Declaration supersedes any previous declaration bearing the same
policy number for this policy term.
The amended Declaration Is effective MAR 01, 2016.
As requested by Vigen Tsaturyan, the following items have been amended:
Policy Information
Drivers
Vehicles
Coverages
By accepting this Policy and the Declaration pages you consent to be legally bound by the provisions of the policy.
Including the coverage limits, options and endorsements.
Important Information (This page is part of your Policy Declaration):
As of January 1, 2016, you have the right to designate one additional person to receive notice of lapse, termination,
expiration, non-renewal or cancellation of your policy for nonpayment of premium. You may establish or change this
designated person by completing the attached Schedule and mailing, emailing, or faxing this completed notice to us. You
may also request this change by visiting wawanesa.com on or after January 1, 2016.
If you are responsible for the payments due on this policy, please refer to the invoice statement (enclosed or mailed
separately). The invoice statement also includes additional payment information, such as our flexible new payment
options.
Questions? Our knowledgeable Customer Service Representatives will be happy to assist you with any questions you
may have after reviewing your information.
Did you know? We're available online 24/7! Visit wawanesa.com to submit changes to your policy, report a claim, or
receive a free insurance quote in minutes.
Wawanesa welcomes referrals from satisfied policyholders as an important means of developing new business.
Earning Your Trust Since 1896
Mar 01, 201615:42 CT "Wawanesa Insurance" is a trademark ofWawanesa General Insurance Company
PERSONAL AUTOMOBILE POLICY
Amended Declaration effective
AMENDED DECLARATION Mar 01, 2016
Supersedes any previous declaration bearing
the same policy number for this policy term.
VIGEN TSATURYAN WAWANESA INSURANCE
405 EAST FAIRVIEW AVE. UNIT 18 9050 FRIARS RD STE 101
GLENDALE CA 91207
SAN DIEGO CA 92108-5865
Telephone: 1-800-640-2920
Policy Number Account Number Policy Period 12:01 A.M. standard lime at the address of the
10023940 386641-1 From May 8, 2015 to May 8, 2016 Named Insured as stated herein
Named lnsured's Phone Number: 818-922-4680 Named lnsured's Email Address: armantsaturyan@yahoo.com
Your previous 12 month premium was $6,914.00. Your amended 12 month premium is $5,098.00. The pro rated change
in premium for the remainder of the policy term is -$338.00. Refer to the breakdown of premiums below. All policy
transactions, including cancellations, are calculated on a pro rata basis.
Description of Owned Vehicle(s)
Vehicle Year Make Model Vehicle Identification Number Premium per Vehicle {$)
2 2014 Lexus ES 300H (HYBRID) JTHBW1 GG7E2055720 1,337.00
3 2014 Lexus ES 300H (HYBRID) JTHBW1 GG7E2058696 1,529.00
4 2005 Lexus RX330 JTJGA31U250054077 1,195.00
5 2008 Mercedes Benz E350 WDBUF56X68B299087 1,037.00
Insurance is provided only with respect to the coverage's for which a Premium is stated, subject to all conditions
of the policy.
Coverage and Limits of Uability Premiums per Vehicle($)
See Policy for Coverage Details 2 3 4 5
Bodily Injury Liability
$50,000 per person/$100,000 each occurrence 263.00 289.00 277.00 239.00
Property Damage Liability
$50,000 each occurrence 188.00 220.00 224.00 170.00
Medical Payments
$5,000 each person 49.00 49.00 53.00 47.00
Comprehensive
$500 deductible 106.00 104.00 69.00 92.00
Collision
$500 deductible 647.00 783.00 486.00 409.00
Uninsured/Underinsured Motorists Protection
$30,000 per person/$60,000 each occurrence 70.00 70.00 72.00 66.00
Uninsured Motorists Collision Deductible
Waiver 14.00 14.00 14.00 14.00
Total Premium per Vehicle ($) 1,337.00 1,529.00 1,195.00 1,037.00
Mar 01, 201615:42 CT ''Wawanesa Insurance" is a trademark of Wawanesa General Insurance Company
PERSONAL AUTOMOBILE POLICY
AMENDED DECLARATION
Amended Declaration effectiv:
Mar01,2016
.. . l
I
Supersedes any previous declaration bearing
the same policy number for this policy term.
VIGEN TSATURYAN WAWANESAINSURANCE
405 EAST FAIRVIEW AVE. UNIT 18 9050 FRIARS RD STE 101
GLENDALE CA 91207
SAN DIEGO CA 92108-5865
Telephone: 1-800-640-2920
Policy Number Account Number Policy Period 12:01 A.M. standard time at the address of the
10023940 386641-1 From May 8, 2015 to May 8, 2016 Named Insured as stated herein
Vehicle Rating Information Chart
Vehicle Description Annual Highest Vehicle Zip Code Second Discounts # of Traffic # of
MIieage Rated Usage Highest Applied (See convictions Chargeable
Driver No. Rated code for drivers at-fault
of Years Driver No. definitions rated on this accidents
Licensed of Years below) vehicle for drivers
Licensed rated on
this vehicle
2014 Lexus 7,500 10 Pleasure 91207 NIA 1, 2, 4 0 0
2014 Lexus 7,500 4 Pleasure 91207 N/A 1, 2, 4 0 0
2005 Lexus 10,000 8 Pleasure 91207 NIA 1, 2 0 0
2008 Mercedes Benz 10.000 11 Pleasure 91207 N/A 1, 2 0 0
Discount Codes: 1. Good Driver 2. Multi-Vehicle 3. Mature Driver 4. Vehicle Recovery System 5. Driver Training 6. Loyalty
Applicable Forms
Driver(s}
Driver Name Principal Operator of Vehicle Number Occasional Operator of Vehicle Number
Vigen Tsaturyan 4 2,3,5
Armik Kirakosyan 5 2,3,4
Armond Tsaturyan 2 3,4,5
Armen Tsaturyan 3 2,4,5
Additional lnterest(s)
Leasing Company
Vehicle 2 LEXUS FINANCIAL SERVICE
PO BOX 105386
ATLANTA,GA 30348
Vehicle 3 LEXUS FINANCIAL SERVICE
PO BOX 105386
ATLANTA, GA 30348
Mar 01, 201615.42 CT "Wawanesa Insurance" is a trademark of Wawanesa General Insurance Company
PERSONAL AUTO
AIE021 0215
THIS ENDORSEMENT CHANGES THE POLICY. PLEASE READ IT CAREFULLY.
ADDITIONAL INSURED - LEASING COMPANY
(PRIVATE PASSENGER AUTOMOBILE)
It is agreed and understood that such coverage as is afforded by this policy for the ownership, operation,
maintenance or use of the automobile(s) described on the Declarations page issued by Wawanesa Insurance
shall also apply to the additional insured leasing company named on the Declarations page but only with respect
to such described automobile(s) leased by the named insured from such additional insured while not in the
possession, care, custody or control of such additional insured.
AIE021 0215 Includes copyrighted material of Insurance Services Office, Inc., with its pennission Page 1 of1
"Wawanesa Insurance" is a registered trademark of Wawanesa General Insurance Company
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-::..::-- PERSONAL AUTO
-- Insurance CALIFORNIA
AVAILABLE COVERAGES & GENERAL COVERAGE DESCRIPTIONS
A. Bodily Injury Liability - Mandatory Coverage
This coverage protects you against loss of your home, income and life savings (financial loss) should your vehicle injure or
kill anyone and you are legally liable. It also pays for related legal defense, court and investigative costs. This coverage
pays up to the first limit for any one person and up to the second limit for two or more persons injured or killed.
B. Property Damage Liability - Mandatory Coverage
This coverage protects you against financial loss when your vehicle damages another person's property, such as their
vehicle, if you are legally liable.
C. Automobile Medical Payments - Optional Coverage
This coverage pays, up to your selected limit, for each person injured in your vehicle, including yourself. It pays expenses
for medical, dental, hospitalization and funeral expenses. It also protects you and your household relatives, should they,
as pedestrians, be struck by an automobile. We cover medical expenses that are in excess over other valid insurance.
D. Comprehensive - Including Fire & Theft - Optional Coverage
This coverage pays for loss or damage caused to your vehicle by other than collision. This includes fire, theft, earthquake
explosion, glass breakage, riot, vandalism and wind storm protection. lt pays the lesser amount of either the actual value
of your vehicle or the amount of each loss, in excess of your selected deductible.
E. Collision - Optional Coverage
This coverage provides protection for loss or damage to your vehicle caused by upset or collision with another vehicle or
object. It pays the lesser amount of either the actual value of your vehicle or the amount of each loss, In excess of your
selected deductible.
F. Roadside Assistance - Optional Coverage
This coverage pays up to $100 for each disablement of your vehicle when using our Roadside Assistance Sign and Drive
Option. Maximum reimbursement using any other licensed service provider is $50 per disablement Lockout Service is
limited to $100. There Is a limft of one (1) reimbursement per disablement, and a total of four (4} Incidents per covered
vehicle per policy period.
F1. Rental Expense • Optional Coverage
(Available on vehicles insured for Comprehensive or Collision Coverage)
This coverage provides for reimbursement for a rental vehicle while your vehicle is being repaired and the cause of
damage to your vehicle is covered under either Comprehensive or Collision. There are two options for coverage limits
available.
G. Uninsured / Underinsured Protection - Optional Coverage
(Coverage will be provided unless a waiver is signed.}
This coverage provides protection against the hazard of bodity injury caused by someone who has no auto liability
insurance or whose bodily injury limits are lower than your chosen limit for this coverage.
H. Uninsured Motorists - Property Damage - Optional Coverage
(Coverage will be provided on all vehicles not insured for Collision coverage unless a waiver is signed.)
This coverage is available on all vehicles not insured for Coverage E. - Collision. It provides up to $3,500 towards the
lesser of either repairs to or the actual value of your vehicle for damages caused by direct physical contact with an
uninsured vehicle where the driver or vehicle is identified and legally liable.
I. Uninsured Motorists· Collision Deductible Waiver - Optional Coverage
(Coverage will be provided on all vehicles insured for Collision coverage unless a waiver is signed.)
This coverage pays your collision deductible for damages to your vehicle caused by direct physical contact with an
uninsured vehicle where the driver or vehicle Is identified and legally liable.
CACOV 02 15 "Wawanesa Insurance" Is a registered trademark of Wawanesa General Insurance Company Page 1 of 1
PERSONAL AUTO
PAP0215
PERSONAL AUTO POLICY - CALIFORNIA
AGREEMENT
In return for payment of the premium and subject to all the terms of this policy, we agree with you as follows:
DEFINITIONS
A. Throughout this policy "you" and "your" refer to the "named insured" on the Policy Declarations; and
1. The spouse, or
2. A person who is a registered domestic partner under California law with the "named insured"; if a resident
of the same household.
B. "We", "us" and "our" refer to the Company providing this insurance.
C. For purposes of this policy, a private passenger type auto, pickup or van shall be deemed to be owned by a
person if leased:
1. Under a written agreementto that person; and
2. For a continuous period of at least 6 months.
Other words and phrases are defined. They are in quotation marks when used.
D. "Bodily Injury" means bodily harm, sickness or disease, including death that results.
E. "Business" includes trade, profession or occupation.
F. "Family member" means a person related to you by blood, marriage, registered domestic partnership under
California law or adoption who is a resident of your household. This includes a ward or foster child.
G. "Occupying" means in, upon, getting in, on, out or off.
H. "Property Damage" means physical injury to, destruction of or loss of use of tangible property.
I. 'Trailer" means a vehicle designed to be pulled by a:
1. Private passenger auto; or
2. Pickup or van.
It also means a farm wagon or farm implement while towed bya vehicle listed in 1. or 2. above.
J. "Your covered auto" means:
1. Any vehicle shown in the Declarations.
2. A "newly acquired auto".
3. Any "trailer" you own.
4. Any auto or "trailer" you do not own while used as a temporary substitute for any other vehicle described
in this definition which is out of normal use because of its:
a. Breakdown;
b. Repair;
c. Servicing;
d. Loss; or
e. Destruction.
K. "Non-owned auto" means any of the following types of vehicles not owned by or furnished or available for the
regular use of you or any "family member" while in the custody of or being operated by you or any "family
member":
1. A private passenger auto; or
2. "Trailer"; or
3. A pickup or van, for which no other insurance policy provides coverage, that:
a. Has a Gross Vehicle Weight of less than 10,000 lbs.; and
b. Is not used for the delivery or transportation of goods and materials unless such use is for farming or
ranching.
PAP 0215 Includes copyrighted material of Insurance Services Office, Inc., with its permission Page 1 of 21
"Wawanesa Insurance" Is a registered trademark of Wawanesa General Insurance Company
However, "non-owned auto" does not include any vehicle used as a temporary substitute for a vehicle you
own which is out of normal use because of its:
1. Breakdown;
2. Repair;
3. Servicing;
4. Loss;or
5. Destruction.
L. "Newly acquired auto":
1. "Newly acquired auto" means any of the following types of vehicles you become the owner of during the
policy period:
a. A private passenger auto; or
b. A pickup or van, for which no other insurance policy provides coverage, that
(1) Has a Gross Vehicle Weight of less than 10,000 lbs.; and
(2) Is not used for the delivery or transportation of goods and materials unless such use is for farming
or ranching.
2. Coverage for a "newly acquired auto" is provided as described below. If you ask us to insure a "newly
acquired auto" after a specified time period described below has elapsed, any coverage we provide for a
"newly acquired auto" will begin at the time you request the coverage.
a. For any coverage provided in this policy except Coverage For Damage To Your Auto, a "newly acquired
auto" will have the broadest coverage we now provide for any vehicle shown in the Declarations.
Coverage begins on the date you become the owner. However, for this coverage to apply to a "newly
acquired auto" which is in addition to any vehicle shown in the Declarations, you must ask us to
insure it within 30 days after you become the owner. If a "newly acquired auto" replaces a vehicle shown
in the Declarations, coverage is provided for this vehicle without you having to ask us to insure it.
b. Collision Coverage for a "newly acquired auto" begins on the date you become the owner.
However, for this coverage to apply, you must ask us to insure it within:
(1) 30 days after you become the owner if the Declarations indicate that Collision Coverage applies to
at least one auto. In this case, the "newly acquired auto" will have the broadest coverage we now
provide for any auto shown in the Declarations.
(2) Four days after you become the owner if the Declarations do not indicate that Collision Coverage
applies to at least one auto. If you comply with the 4 day requirement and a loss occurred before
you asked us to insure the "newly acquired auto", a Collision deductible of $500 will apply.
c. Comprehensive Coverage for a "newly acquired auto" begins on the date you become the owner.
However, for this coverage to apply, you must ask us to insure it within:
(1) 30 days after you become the owner if the Declarations indicate that Comprehensive Coverage
applies to at least one auto. In this case, the "newly acquired auto" will have the broadest coverage
we now provide for any auto shown in the Declarations.
(2) Four days after you become the owner if the Declarations do not indicate that Comprehensive
Coverage applies to at least one auto. If you comply with the 4 day requirement and a loss
occurred before you asked us to insure the "newly acquired auto", a Comprehensive deductible of
$500 will apply.
M. "Relative" means a person related to you by blood, marriage, registered domestic partnership under California
law or adoption. This includes a ward orfosterchild.
N. "Personal vehicle sharing" means the use of "your covered auto" by persons other than the vehicle's owner, in
connection with a "personal vehicle sharing program".
O. "Personal vehicle sharing program" means a legal entity qualified to do business in the State of California
engaged in the business of facilitating the sharing of "your covered auto" for noncommercial use by
individuals within the state.
PAP 0215 Includes copyrighted material of Insurance Services Office, Inc., with Its permission Page 2of21
"Wawanesa Insurance" Is a registered trademark ofWawanesa General Insurance Company
PARTI
LIABILITY COVERAGE
COVERAGE A- BODILY INJURY
COVERAGE B -PROPERTY DAMAGE
INSURING AGREEMENT
A. We will pay damages for "bodily injury" or "property damage" for which any "insured" becomes legally
responsible because of an auto accident. Damages include prejudgment interest awarded against the
"insured". We will settle or defend, as we consider appropriate. any claim or suit asking for these damages. In
addition to our limit of liability, we will pay all defense costs we incur. Our duty to settle or defend ends when our
limit of liability for this coverage has been exhausted by payment of judgments or settlements. We have no duty to
defend any suit or settle any claim for "bodily injury" or "property damage" not covered under this poficy.
B. "Insured" as used in this Part means:
1. You or any "family member" for the ownership, maintenance or use of any auto or "trailer".
2. Any person using "your covered auto".
3. For "your covered auto". any person or organization but only with respect to legal responsibility for acts or
omissions of a person for whom coverage is afforded under this Part.
4. For any auto or "trailer" other than "your covered auto", any other person or organization but only with
respect to legal responsibility for acts or omissions of you or any "family member" for whom coverage is
afforded under this Part. This provision (B.4.) applies only if the person or organization does not own or
hire that auto or "trailer".
SUPPLEMENTARY PAYMENT
In addition to our limit of liability, we will pay on behalf of an "insured":
1. Up to $250 for the cost of bail bonds required because of an accident, including related traffic law violations.
The accident must result in "bodily injury" or "property damage" covered under this policy.
2. Premiums on appeal bonds and bonds to release attachments in any suit we defend.
3. Interest accruing after a judgment is entered in any suit we defend. Our duty to pay interest ends when we
offer to pay that part of the judgment which does not exceed our limit of liability for this coverage.
4. Up to $200 a day for loss of earnings, but not other income, because of attendance at hearings or trials at
our request.
5. Other reasonable expenses incurred at our request.
EXCLUSIONS
A. We do not provide liability Coverage for any "insured" nor do we owe a duty to defend any"insured":
1. For "bodily injury" to you or any "family member" whenever the ultimate benefits of indemnification accrue
directly or indirectly to you or any "family member".
2. Who intentionally causes "bodily injury" or "property damage".
3. for "property damage" to property owned or being transported by that "insured".
4. for "property damage" to property:
a. Rented to;
b. Used by; or
c. In the care of; that "insured".
This Exclusion (A.4.) does not apply to "property damage" to a residence or private garage.
5. for "bodily injury" to an employee of that "insured" during the course of employment. This Exclusion (A.5.)
does not apply to "bodily injury" to a domestic employee unless workers' compensation benefits are
required or available for that domestic employee.
6. For that "insured's" liability arising out of the ownership or operation of a vehicle while it is being used to
carry persons or property for a fee. This Exclusion (A.6.) does not apply to a share-the-expense car pool.
PAP 0215 Includes copyrighted material of Insurance Services Office, Inc., with Its permission Page 3of21
"Wawanesa Insurance" is a registered trademark of Wawanesa General Insurance Company
7. While employed or otherwise engaged in the "business" of:
a. Selling
b. Repairing
c. Servicing
d. Storing; or
e. Parking;
Vehicles designed for use mainly on public highways. This includes road testing and delivery. This
Exclusion (A.7.) does not apply to the ownership, maintenance or use of "your covered auto" by:
a. You;
b. Any "family member"; or
c. Any partner, agent, or employee of you or any "family member".
8. Maintaining or using any vehicle while that "insured" is employed or otherwise engaged in any "business"
(other than farming or ranching) not described in Exclusion (A.7.). This Exclusion (A.8.) does not apply to the
maintenance or use of:
a. Private passenger auto;
b. Pickup or van that you own; or
c. "Trailer" used with a vehicle described in a. or b. above.
9. Using a vehicle without permission from the owner to do so or beyond the scope of that permission. This
Exclusion (A.9.) does not apply to a "family member" using "your covered auto" which is owned by you.
10. for "bodily injury" or "property damage" for which that "insured":
a. Is an insured under a nuclear energy liability policy;or
b. Would be an insured under a nuclear energy liability policy but for its termination upon exhaustion of
its limits of liability.
A nuclear energy liability is a policy issued by any of the following ortheirsuccessors:
a. Nuclear Energy Liability Insurance Association;
b. Mutual Atomic Energy Liability Underwriters; or
c. Nuclear Insurance Association of Canada.
11. for any liability assumed by any "insured" under a contract or agreement outside the terms of this policy.
B. We do not provide Liability Coverage nor a duty to defend for the ownership, maintenance or use of:
1. Any vehicle which:
a. Has fewer than four wheels; or
b. Is designed mainly for use off public roads. This Exclusion (B.1.) does not apply to any "trailer".
2. Any vehicle, other than "your covered auto", which is:
a. Owned byyou;or
b. Furnished or available for your regular use.
3. Any vehicle, other than "your covered auto", which is:
a. Owned by any "family member"; or
b. Furnished or available for the regular use of any ''family member''.
However, this Exclusion (B.3.) does not apply to you while you are maintaining or "occupying" any vehicle
which is:
a. Owned by a "family member''; or
b. Furnished or available for the regular use of a "family member".
4. Any vehicle, while used for the purpose of:
a. Competing in; or
b. Practicing or preparing for; any prearranged or organized racing, speed, demolition contest or
stunting activity.
5. Any vehicle, while used for the purpose of wholesale or retail delivery.
PAP 0215 Includes copyrighted material of Insurance Services Office, Inc., with Its permission Page 4of 21
"Wawanesa Insurance" is a registered trademark ofWawanesa General Insurance Company
6. "Your covered auto" while:
a. Enrolled in a "personal vehicle sharing program" under the terms of a written agreement; and
b. Being used in connection with such "personal vehicle sharing program" by anyone other than you or
any "family member".
LIMIT OF LIABILITY
A. The limit of liability shown in the Declarations for each person for Bodily Injury Liability is our maximum limit of
liability for all damages, including but not limited to damages for care, loss of consortium, loss of services, loss
of companionship, loss of society and loss by death, arising out of "bodily injury" sustained by any one
person in any one auto accident.
Subject to this limit for each person, the limit of liability shown in the Declarations for each accident for Bodily
Injury Liability is our maximum limit of liability for all damages for "bodily injury" resulting from any one auto
accident.
The limit of liability shown in the Declarations for each accident for Property Damage Liability is our maximum
limit of liability for all "property damage" resulting from any one auto accident. This is the most we will pay
regardless of the number of:
1. "lnsured's";
2. Claims made;
3. Vehicles or premiums shown in the Declarations;
4. Vehicles involved in the auto accident;
5. Lawsuits brought; or
6. Vehicles insured.
B. Any amounts paid or payable under this coverage shall be reduced by any amounts paid for the same
expenses and/or damages under Part II or Part V of this policy. ,
C. Permissive Driver Limitation. We will provide liability coverage under this section for an insured, other than
you, a "family member" or a "relative", up to but not exceeding the limits of the Financial Responsibility Law
of the State of California, which are as follows:
1. Fifteen thousand dollars ($15,000) for "bodily injury" to, or death of each person as a result of any one
accident; and
2. Subject to the limit as to each person (refer to C.1.) the amount of thirty thousand dollars ($30,000) for
"bodily injury" to, or death of all persons as a result of any one accident; and
3. The amount of five thousand dollars ($5,000) for damage to property of others as a result of any one
accident.
Note: If the limits of the Financial Responsibility Law of the State of California change, this policy section
(Section C.) will automatically c
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TISGAR HAROUN VS HOCB RETAIL LLC, ET AL.
Jul 30, 2024 |
24STCV00648
Case Number:
24STCV00648
Hearing Date:
July 30, 2024
Dept:
56
SUPERIOR COURT OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA
FOR THE COUNTY OF LOS ANGELES - CENTRAL DISTRICT
TISGAR HAROUN,
Plaintiff,
vs.
HOCB RETAIL LLC, HOUSE OF
CB USA, LLC, SIRENS DESIGN
LLC, EGYPTSIA NEVERS, and
DOES 1 through 100, inclusive,
Defendants.
CASE NO.:
24STCV00648
[TENTATIVE] ORDER RE:
MOTION TO COMPEL DEFENDANTS RESPONSES TO FORM INTERROGATORIES GENERAL AND EMPLOYMENT LAW (SET ONE), SPECIAL INTERROGATORIES (SET ONE), AND REQUEST FOR PRODUCTION OF DOCUMENTS (SET ONE); REQUEST FOR $1,050.00 IN MONETARY SANCTIONS
Date: July 30, 2024
Time: 8:30 a.m.
Dept. 56
MOVING PARTY: Plaintiff Tisgar Haroun (Plaintiff)
RESPONDING PARTY: Defendants HOCB Retail LLC, House of CB USA, LLC, and Sirens Design LLC (collectively, Defendants)
The Court has considered the moving papers and the declaration filed in response to the motion.
BACKGROUND
This case arises from an employment dispute.
On January 10, 2024, Plaintiff filed a complaint asserting various causes of action, including wrongful termination, discrimination and retaliation.
On May 21, 2024, Plaintiff filed a single motion (the Motion) to compel Defendants responses to the following four (4) sets of discovery served on Defendants: (1) Form Interrogatories General, Set One; (2) Form Interrogatories Employment Law, Set One; (3) Special Interrogatories, Set One; and (4) Request for Production of Documents, Set One (collectively Discovery Requests).
Plaintiff also seeks an award of monetary sanction in the amount of $1,050.
On July 8, 2024, Defendants counsel, Calvin House, submitted a declaration in response to Plaintiffs Motion (House Decl.).
DISCUSSION
Legal Standard
Under Code of Civil Procedure (CCP) section 2030.290, subdivision (b), when a party directs interrogatories towards a party, and that party fails to serve a timely response, the party propounding the interrogatories may move for an order compelling response to the interrogatories.
(CCP § 2030.290, subd. (b).)
A party who fails to provide a timely response waives any objection, including one based on privilege or work product.
(
Id.
, § 2030.290, subd.
(a).)
The moving party need only show that the interrogatories were served on the opposing party, the time has expired to respond to the interrogatories and no responses have been served in order for the court to compel the opposing party to respond.
(
Leach v. Superior Court
(1980) 111 Cal.App.3d 902, 906.)
When a party fails to serve a timely response to an inspection demand, the party making the demand may move for an order compelling a response to the inspection demand.
(CCP § 2031.300, subd. (b).)
A party who fails to provide a timely response waives any objection, including one based on privilege or work product. (
Id.
, § 2031.300, subd. (a).)
Here,
Plaintiff served Defendants with the Discovery Requests on February 19, 2024.
(Declaration of Levon Derkalousdian, Esq. (Derkalousdian Decl.), ¶ 2.)
As of May 17, 2024, Defendants have not provided responses to any of the Discovery Requests.
(Derkalousdian Decl., ¶ 8.)
Plaintiff now moves for an order compelling Defendants to serve responses to the Discovery Requests.
Defendants counsel submitted a declaration on July 8, 2024, stating that Defendant served Plaintiff with verified responses to the Discovery Requests on May 31, 2024, without objections, and attached said discovery responses.
(House Decl., ¶ 2, Exhs. 1-12.)
Accordingly, since verified responses, without objections, have now been served, the Motion is MOOT.
Monetary Sanctions
Nevertheless, the question of sanctions still remains before the Court. [P]roviding untimely responses does not divest the trial court of its authority [to hear a motion to compel responses].
(
Sinaiko Healthcare Consulting, Inc. v. Pacific Healthcare Consultants
(2007) 148 Cal.App.4th 390, 407.)
Even if the untimely response does not contain objections [and] substantially resolve[s] the issues raised by a motion to compel responses&the trial court retains the authority to hear the motion.
(
Id.
, at pp. 408-409.)
This rule gives an important incentive for parties to respond to discovery in a timely fashion.
(
Id.
, at p. 408.)
If the propounding party [does not] take the motion off calendar or narrow its scope to the issue of sanctions, the trial court may deny the motion to compel responses as essentially unnecessary, in whole or in part, and just impose sanctions.
(
Id.
at p. 409; Cal. Rules of Court, rule 3.1348, subd. (a) [The court may award sanctions under the Discovery Act in favor of a party who files a motion to compel discovery, even though no opposition to the motion was filed, or opposition to the motion was withdrawn, or the requested discovery was provided to the moving party after the motion was filed].)
The court shall impose a monetary sanction& against any party, person, or attorney who unsuccessfully makes or opposes a motion to compel a response to interrogatories, unless it finds that the one subject to the sanction acted with substantial justification or that other circumstances make the imposition of the sanction unjust. (CCP § 2030.290, subd. (c).)
[T]he court shall impose a monetary sanction& against any party, person, or attorney who unsuccessfully makes or opposes a motion to compel a response to a demand for inspection, copying, testing, or sampling, unless it finds that the one subject to the sanction acted with substantial justification or that other circumstances make the imposition of the sanction unjust. (
Id.
, § 2031.300, subd. (c).)
Here, the declaration submitted by Defendants counsel offers no justification for the delayed responses.
(House Decl.)
Thus, the Court finds that monetary sanctions are warranted.
Plaintiff requests monetary sanctions in the total amount of $1,050, representing two hours spent in preparing the Motion plus an anticipated one hour for preparing a reply and arguing the Motion, based on an hourly rate of $350.
(Derkalousdian Decl., ¶ 9.)
The Court finds that because no reply was prepared and the Motion itself is moot, although it was filed before responses were served, reasonable sanctions are in the amount of $700 for the two hours required to prepare the Motion.
Accordingly, Plaintiffs request for sanctions is granted in part, in the reasonable amount of $700.
Defendants and their counsel are jointly and severally liable for this amount, which is payable to Plaintiff within twenty days of the date of this order.
Improperly Combined Motions
The Court notes, however, that Plaintiff has impermissibly combined motions seeking relief for each discovery device.
A motion must be brought separately for each discovery method at issue.
(Govt. Code, § 70617(a)(4) [setting forth the required filing fee for each motion, application, or any other paper or request requiring a hearing]; The Rutter Group California Practice Guide: Civil Procedure Before Trial, Ch. 8F-7 [8:1136] [Motions to compel compliance with separate discovery requests ordinarily should be filed separately.].)
Plaintiff should have filed four separate motions, each with its own filing fee; instead, Plaintiff filed only one motion and paid one filing fee.
Therefore, Plaintiff is ordered to pay three additional $60 filing fees for a total of $180 as a condition to the granting of this Motion.
The Motion is MOOT; however, monetary sanctions are awarded in favor of Plaintiff in the total amount of $750, to be paid by Defendants and their counsel within 20 days of the date of this Order.
Plaintiff is ordered to pay $180 in previously unpaid filing fees to the Court within twenty days of the date of this order.
Moving Party is ordered to give notice of this ruling.
Parties who intend to submit on this tentative must send an email to the Court at SMC_DEPT56@lacourt.org as directed by the instructions provided on the court website at www.lacourt.org.
If the department does not receive an email and there are no appearances at the hearing, the motion will be placed off calendar.
Dated this 30th day of July 2024
Hon. Holly J. Fujie
Judge of the Superior Court
Ruling
ELIZABETH SHUAI WONG VS FLIPFIT, ET AL.
Aug 09, 2024 |
23STCV30186
Case Number:
23STCV30186
Hearing Date:
August 9, 2024
Dept:
56
SUPERIOR COURT OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA
FOR THE COUNTY OF LOS ANGELES - CENTRAL DISTRICT
ELIZABETH SHUAI WONG
,
Plaintiff,
vs.
FLIPFIT, f.k.a. HUMANS, INC., a Delaware
corporation, NOORULDEEN ALAARIF,
a.k.a. NOOR AGHA, an individual, and
DOES 1 to 100, inclusive
,
Defendants.
CASE NO.:
23STCV30186
[TENTATIVE] ORDER RE:
MOTION TO COMPEL RESPONSES TO REQUESTS FOR PRODUCTION OF DOCUMENTS, SET ONE
MOTION TO COMPEL RESPONSES TO SPECIAL INTERROGATORIESS, SET ONE
Date: August 9, 2024
Time: 8:30 a.m.
Dept. 56
MOVING PARTY: Plaintiff
Elizabeth Shuai Wong
(Plaintiff)
RESPONDING PARTY: Defendant
Flipfit, fka Humans, Inc. (Defendant)
The Court has considered the moving, opposition and reply papers.
BACKGROUND
This is a representative action filed by Plaintiff on December 11, 2023, seeking recovery of civil penalties under the Private Attorneys General Act of 2004, California Labor Code §2698,
et seq
. (PAGA), for alleged Labor Code violations of:
failure to pay minimum wage, failure to pay overtime wages, failure to provide all required meal periods, failure to authorize or permit all required rest periods, failure to pay all earned wages each pay period, failure to provide accurate wage statements, failure to pay vested vacation wages, failure to reimburse necessary business expenditures, failure to pay all wages due upon separation of employment, failure to maintain an effective Injury and Illness Prevention Program and retaliation for use of Covid-19 supplemental sick pay.
On April 22, 2024, Plaintiff filed a Motion to Compel Defendants Responses to Plaintiffs Requests for Production, Set One (the RFPs Motion), and a Motion to Compel Defendants Responses to Plaintiffs Special Interrogatories, Set One (the SIs Motion) (collectively, the Motions).
Defendant filed a consolidated opposition to the Motions on July 9, 2024, and Plaintiff filed a reply on July 15, 2024.
DISCUSSION
SIs Motion
Under Code of Civil Procedure (CCP) section 2030.290, subdivision (b), when a party directs interrogatories towards a party, and that party fails to serve a timely response, the party propounding the interrogatories may move for an order compelling response to the interrogatories.
(CCP § 2030.290, subd. (b).)
A party who fails to provide a timely response waives any objection, including one based on privilege or work product.
(
Id.
, § 2030.290, subd.
(a).)
The moving party need only show that the interrogatories were served on the opposing party, the time has expired to respond to the interrogatories and no responses have been served in order for the court to compel the opposing party to respond.
(
Leach v. Superior Court
(1980) 111 Cal.App.3d 902, 906.)
Here, Plaintiff served Defendant with Special Interrogatories, Set One (SIs) on January 30, 2024.
(Declaration of Leonard H. Sansanowicz in Support of SIs Motion, ¶ 3.)
Defendant had not served responses to the SIs as of the date of filing of the SIs Motion on April 22, 2024.
(
Id.
, ¶ 11.)
On June 7, 2024, however, Defendant responded to all discovery requests served by Plaintiff, without objections.
(Declaration of Matthew Theriault (Theriault Decl.), ¶ 10.)
Plaintiff does not dispute, and in fact, acknowledges that Defendant did provide objections-free responses to the SIs on June 7, 2024.
(Supplemental Declaration of Leonard H. Sansanowicz in Support of Plaintiffs Reply (Sansanowicz Supp. Decl.), ¶ 22.)
Accordingly, since responses to the SIs, without objections, have now been served, the SIs Motion is MOOT.
To the extent that Plaintiff contends that the responses are insufficient or not otherwise complete or Code-compliant, Plaintiff has forty-five days from the date of this order to file a Motion to Compel Further Discovery Responses.
RFPs Motion
When a party fails to serve a timely response to an inspection demand, the party making the demand may move for an order compelling a response to the inspection demand.
(CCP § 2031.300, subd. (b).)
A party who fails to provide a timely response waives any objection, including one based on privilege or work product. (
Id.
, § 2031.300, subd. (a).)
Here, Plaintiff served Defendant with Requests for Production of Documents, Set One (RFPs) on January 30, 2024.
(Declaration of Leonard H. Sansanowicz in Support of RFPs Motion, ¶ 3.)
Defendant had not served responses to the RFPs as of the date of filing of the RFPs Motion on April 22, 2024.
(
Id.
, ¶ 11.)
On June 7, 2024, however, Defendant responded to all discovery requests served by Plaintiff, without objections.
(Theriault Decl., ¶ 10.)
Additionally, on July 9, 2024, Defendant produced documents.
(
Id.
)
Plaintiff does not dispute, and in fact, acknowledges that Defendant did provide objections-free responses to the RFPs on June 7, 2024.
(Sansanowicz Supp. Decl., ¶ 22.)
Accordingly, since responses to the RFPs, without objections, have now been served, and documents have been produced, the RFPs Motion is MOOT.
To the extent that Plaintiff contends that the responses and documents produced are insufficient or not otherwise complete or Code-compliant, Plaintiff has forty-five days from the date of this order to file a Motion to Compel Further Discovery Responses.
Monetary Sanctions
Nevertheless, the question of sanctions still remains before the Court. [P]roviding untimely responses does not divest the trial court of its authority [to hear a motion to compel responses].
(
Sinaiko Healthcare Consulting, Inc. v. Pacific Healthcare Consultants
(2007) 148 Cal.App.4th 390, 407.)
Even if the untimely response does not contain objections [and] substantially resolve[s] the issues raised by a motion to compel responses&the trial court retains the authority to hear the motion.
(
Id.
, at pp. 408-409.)
This rule gives an important incentive for parties to respond to discovery in a timely fashion.
(
Id.
, at p. 408.)
If the propounding party [does not] take the motion off calendar or narrow its scope to the issue of sanctions, the trial court may deny the motion to compel responses as essentially unnecessary, in whole or in part, and just impose sanctions.
(
Id.
at p. 409; Cal. Rules of Court, rule 3.1348, subd. (a) [The court may award sanctions under the Discovery Act in favor of a party who files a motion to compel discovery, even though no opposition to the motion was filed, or opposition to the motion was withdrawn, or the requested discovery was provided to the moving party after the motion was filed].)
The court shall impose a monetary sanction& against any party, person, or attorney who unsuccessfully makes or opposes a motion to compel a response to interrogatories, unless it finds that the one subject to the sanction acted with substantial justification or that other circumstances make the imposition of the sanction unjust. (CCP § 2030.290, subd. (c).)
[T]he court shall impose a monetary sanction& against any party, person, or attorney who unsuccessfully makes or opposes a motion to compel a response to a demand for inspection, copying, testing, or sampling, unless it finds that the one subject to the sanction acted with substantial justification or that other circumstances make the imposition of the sanction unjust. (
Id.
, § 2031.300, subd. (c).)
In this case, Defendant asserts that the delayed responses were caused by unexpected medical issues experienced by the previous attorney handling the case. The Court also acknowledges that there have been multiple changes in the counsel representing Defendant. Furthermore, Plaintiff agreed to an extension for Defendant to provide responses by June 7, 2024, and Defendant complied with this deadline.
(Sansanowicz Supp. Decl., ¶¶ 17-22;
Theriault Decl., ¶¶ 8-10.)
Thus, the Court finds that, under the circumstances, there is substantial justification for the delayed responses and that monetary sanctions are not warranted.
Accordingly, no sanctions are imposed.
RULING
The Motions are DENIED as moot.
The requests for monetary sanctions are also DENIED.
Moving Party is ordered to give notice of this ruling.
Parties who intend to submit on this tentative must send an email to the Court at SMC_DEPT56@lacourt.org as directed by the instructions provided on the court website at www.lacourt.org.
If the department does not receive an email and there are no appearances at the hearing, the motion will be placed off calendar.
Dated this 9
th
day of August 2024
Hon. Holly J. Fujie
Judge of the Superior Court
Ruling
SIRANUSH AKLYAN, ET AL. VS STATE OF CALIFORNIA, ET AL.
Jul 26, 2024 |
23BBCV01986
Case Number:
23BBCV01986
Hearing Date:
July 26, 2024
Dept:
NCB
Superior Court of California
County of Los Angeles
North Central
District
Department B
siranush aklyan
,
et al.
,
Plaintiffs,
v.
state of california,
et al.
,
Defendants.
Case No.:
23BBCV01986
Hearing Date:
July 26, 2024
[
TENTATIVE] order RE:
motion to strike
BACKGROUND
A.
Allegations
Plaintiffs Siranush Aklyan, Aper G. Agakhanian, Grigor Choginyan, and Lena Ananyan (Plaintiffs) allege that on February 25, 2023 at approximately 1:30 a.m., Siranush Aklyan was operating her vehicle in the number 1 of 5 lanes on the I-5 northbound freeway.
Aper G. Agakhanian, Grigor Choginyan, and Lena Ananyan were passengers int the vehicle.
Plaintiffs allege that they became trapped underwater following a heavy rainfall on the Golden State I-5 freeway.
Plaintiffs allege that a vehicle
maneuvering the number two (2) lane initiated the passage adjacent to their vehicle, precipitating the generation of a wave, thereby inducing a hydrodynamic disturbance. This perturbation induced an unintended rotational motion of the Plaintiffs' vehicle in a counter-directional manner, leading to its eventual submersion. In a bid to evacuate the vehicle, the Plaintiffs made several unsuccessful attempts to unlatch the doors due to the exerted hydrostatic pressure, rendering them inoperable. Subsequently, the Plaintiffs successfully extricated themselves from the vehicle by manipulating one of the windows and effecting their exit through said window.
(Compl., ¶7.)
Plaintiffs allege that the roadway was dangerous for drivers as the surface had insufficient traction and friction, had improper grooving and treatment of the pavement, used improper materials in the design/construction/maintenance/repair of the roadway, etc.
Plaintiffs allege that Defendants State of California and Caltrans District 7 owned, occupied, leased, used, regulated, controlled, managed, maintained, operated, supervised, repaired, and possessed the portion of the freeway at issue.
The complaint, filed August 25, 2023, alleges causes of action for: (1) statutory liability/dangerous condition of public property; and (2) negligence.
B.
Motion on Calendar
On June 14, 2024, Defendant the People of the State of California, acting by and through the Department of Transportation (Defendant) (erroneously named as State of California and Caltrans District 7) filed a motion to strike portions of the complaint.
On July 15, 2024, Plaintiffs filed an opposition brief.
On July 24, 2024, Defendant filed a reply brief.
DISCUSSION
Defendant moves to strike portions of the complaint at paragraph 24 (page 9, line 5).
The specific language includes references to Government Code, §§ 815.2(a), 820(a), and 840.2.
They argue that they do not dispute that Plaintiffs properly plead a cause of action for dangerous condition of public property, but that the allegations for vicarious liability and negligence by referencing the aforementioned sections is improper.
(Reply at p.5.)
First, Defendant argues that sections 815.2(a) and 820(a) regarding vicarious liability are improper.
Government Code, § 815.2(a) states:
A public entity is liable for injury proximately caused by an act or omission of an employee of the public entity within the scope of his employment if the act or omission would, apart from this section, have given rise to a cause of action against that employee or his personal representative.
Government Code, § 820(a) states:
Except as otherwise provided by statute (including Section 820.2), a public employee is liable for injury caused by his act or omission to the same extent as a private person.
Defendant argues that Plaintiffs have not specifically identified any employee of Defendant for which Defendant could be vicariously liable and that, even if Plaintiffs were able to identify employees, its employees are immune such that Defendant cannot be vicariously liable.
Defendant cites to
Yee v. Superior Court
(2019) 31 Cal.App.5th 26, 40:
A public entity cannot be held vicariously liable for actions of its employees that are actually acts of the entity itself, albeit performed by necessity by employees or agents. Vicarious liability depends on the employee being independently liable for the act, the entity becoming liable because the employee's act was taken within the scope of his or her employment.
(
Yee
, supra, 31 Cal.App.5th at 40.)
Defendant argues that a claim for dangerous condition of public property can only lie pursuant to Government Code, §§ 830 to 835.4.
Second,
Defendant argues that section 840.2 for direct employee liability does not govern dangerous conditions of public property actions.
Government Code, § 840.2 states:
An employee of a public entity is liable for injury caused by a dangerous condition of public property if the plaintiff establishes that the property of the public entity was in a dangerous condition at the time of the injury, that the injury was proximately caused by the dangerous condition, that the dangerous condition created a reasonably foreseeable risk of the kind of injury which was incurred, and that either:
(a) The dangerous condition was directly attributable wholly or in substantial part to a negligent or wrongful act of the employee and the employee had the authority and the funds and other means immediately available to take alternative action which would not have created the dangerous condition; or
(b) The employee had the authority and it was his responsibility to take adequate measures to protect against the dangerous condition at the expense of the public entity and the funds and other means for doing so were immediately available to him, and he had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition under Section 840.4 a sufficient time prior to the injury to have taken measures to protect against the dangerous condition.
(Govt Code, § 840.2.)
Again, Defendant argues that Plaintiffs have not identified any specific individual against whom a section 840.2 claim could be brought.
Plaintiffs argue that they are not required to plead the name of the specific individuals prior to undergoing discovery.
Plaintiffs rely on
C.A. v. William S. Hart Union High School Dist.
(2012) 53 Cal.4th 861, 872, wherein
the California Supreme Court stated:
The complaint, it is true, does not identify by name or position the District's employees, administrators and/or agents who allegedly failed to properly hire, train and supervise Hubbell. But the District cites no statute or decision requiring a plaintiff to specify
at the pleading stage
which of the defendant's employees committed the negligent acts or omissions for which a public entity is allegedly liable under section 815.2. To survive a demurrer, the complaint need only allege facts sufficient to state a cause of action; each evidentiary fact that might eventually form part of the plaintiff's proof need not be alleged. [Citation.]
(
C.A.
, supra, 53 Cal.4th at 872; see
Perez v. City of Huntington Park
(1992) 7 Cal.App.4th 817, 820821 [
The plaintiff may be unable to identify which employee committed the wrongful act, but this is not fatal to the employer's liability, if the evidence establishes that some employee in the scope of employment committed the wrongful act.].)
Although the complaint does not name specific individuals who were employed by Defendant, the complaint alleges that Defendant and Does 1-100 knew of the dangerous and defective conditions of the roadway, knew that the plan or design of the roadway had become dangerous due to the change in the conditions of the roadway, failed to warn drivers or take other actions, etc.
(Compl., ¶¶14-19.)
Plaintiffs allege that the dangerous conditions and acts/omissions of Defendant and Does 1-100 and their management, administrators, designers, planners, engineers, maintenance personnel, inspectors, and/or other employees, staff, agents, or contractors were done within the course and scope of their duties.
(
Id.
, ¶21.)
At this time, the Court will not preemptively strike references to section 815.2(a) and 820 for vicarious liability as there may be a basis for independent liability against Defendants employee(s) and their actions that were undertaken during the scope of their employment.
The Court finds that the allegations are sufficiently particular for the cause of action to go forward.
Similarly, section 840.2 is for direct liability against an employee of a public entity for a dangerous condition of public property.
Whether Plaintiff is able to discover the names of such employees later, amend the Doe designations, and prove this will have to be determined beyond the pleading stage.
As currently alleged, Plaintiffs have alleged sufficient facts against Defendant and specifically alleged the code sections that are at issue in this action; the identity of the particular individuals employed by Defendant is better left to be determined during the discovery process.
Finally, Defendant argues that public employees are immune from discretionary acts under Government Code, § 820.2, such that it cannot be vicariously liable for the actions or inactions of its employees.
Section 820.2 states:
Except as otherwise provided by statute, a public employee is not liable for an injury resulting from his act or omission where the act or omission was the result of the exercise of the discretion vested in him, whether or not such discretion be abused.
While such an exception may exist, at this time, the Court will not prematurely determine if the exception applies to the facts of this case based on the pleadings alone.
Again, this is better addressed upon the consideration of evidence at the motion for summary judgment or trial stage.
The motion to strike is overruled.
CONCLUSION AND ORDER
Defendant the People of the State of California, acting by and through the Department of Transportations motion to strike is overruled.
Defendant is ordered to answer.
Defendant shall give notice of this order.
DATED: July 26, 2024
___________________________
John Kralik
Judge of the Superior Court
Ruling
DAVID ODAY, ET AL. VS 118 WADSWORTH AVENUE HOMEOWNERS ASSOCIATION, ET AL.
Jul 29, 2024 |
23STCV24766
Case Number:
23STCV24766
Hearing Date:
July 29, 2024
Dept:
47
Tentative Ruling
Judge Theresa M. Traber, Department 47
HEARING DATE:
July 29, 2024
TRIAL DATE:
NOT SET
CASE:
David Oday, et al. v. 118 Wadsworth Avenue Homeowners Association, et al.
CASE NO.:
23STCV24766
MOTION TO DISSOLVE PRELIMINARY INJUNCTION
MOVING PARTY
: Defendant 118 Wadsworth Avenue Homeowners Association
RESPONDING PARTY(S)
: Plaintiffs David Oday and Lakota Patrick Ford
CASE HISTORY
:
·
10/11/23: Complaint filed.
·
01/10/24: First Amended Complaint filed.
·
03/01/24: Cross-Complaint filed.
STATEMENT OF MATERIAL FACTS AND/OR PROCEEDINGS:
This is a breach of contract and habitability defect action. Plaintiffs allege that Defendants refused to replace the roof of Plaintiffs condominium, causing extensive water damage and mold throughout the unit. Plaintiffs allege that Defendants improperly issued special assessments in violation of the operative covenants, conditions, and restrictions on the property, and retaliated against Plaintiffs for raising these issues.
Defendant 118 Wadsworth Avenue Homeowners Association moves to dissolve the preliminary injunction entered on February 22, 2024 because of Plaintiffs failure to post the bond required.
TENTATIVE RULING:
Defendants Motion to Dissolve Preliminary Injunction is DENIED, as Plaintiff David Oday has served and filed an agreement authorizing the deposit to be applied to enforce the liability of the principal, pursuant to Code of Civil Procedure section 995.710(c).
DISCUSSION:
Defendant 118 Wadsworth Avenue Homeowners Association moves to dissolve the preliminary injunction entered on February 22, 2024 because of Plaintiffs failure to post the bond required.
Legal Standard
Code of Civil Procedure section 533 states:
In any action, the court may on notice modify or dissolve an injunction or temporary restraining order upon a showing that there has been a material change in the facts upon which the injunction or temporary restraining order was granted, that the law upon which the injunction or temporary restraining order was granted has changed, or that the ends of justice would be served by the modification or dissolution of the injunction or temporary restraining order.
(Code Civ. Proc. § 533.) Modification of a preliminary injunction rests in the sound discretion of the trial court upon a consideration of all the particular circumstances of each individual case. (
Union Interchange, Inc. v. Savage
(1959) 52 Cal.2d 601, 606.) The party seeking modification has the burden of proving that the request is justified. (See
Loeffler v. Medina
(2009) 174 Cal.App.4th 1495, 1504.)
Analysis
Defendant 118 Wadsworth Avenue Homeowners Association moves to dissolve the preliminary injunction entered on February 22, 2024 on the grounds that Plaintiffs failed to post the undertaking of $70,416.09 ordered by the Court. (See February 22, 2024 Minute Order.)
Plaintiffs, in opposition, state that payment in the amount specified by the Courts order was deposited with the Court on June 26, 2024, with notice given to Defendant the next day. (Declaration of Scott J. Kalter ISO Opp. Exhs. 1-2.) In reply, Defendant contends that Plaintiffs deposit of the funds to the Court is effective as a posting of a bond under Code of Civil Procedure section 995.710, but only if the deposit is accompanied by an agreement executed by the principal authorizing the officer to collect, sell, or otherwise apply the deposit to enforce the liability of the principal on the deposit. (Code Civ. Proc. § 995.710(c).) Defendant contends that Plaintiffs have not executed such an agreement, and, therefore, that the injunction should be dissolved.
The Court concurs with Defendant that an authorization to dispose of the funds to satisfy liability is required for Plaintiffs deposit to be considered posting of the bond under section 995.710. In response to the Courts prior tentative ruling, Plaintiff David Patrick Oday has submitted an agreement authorizing the deposit to be applied to enforce the liability of the principal, pursuant to Code of Civil Procedure section 995.710(c). Accordingly, the Court will deny the motion to dissolve the preliminary injunction.
CONCLUSION
:
Accordingly, Defendants Motion to Dissolve Preliminary Injunction is DENIED given that Plaintiff David Patrick Oday has served and filed an agreement authorizing the deposit to be applied to enforce the liability of the principal, pursuant to Code of Civil Procedure section 995.710(c).
Moving party to give notice.
IT IS SO ORDERED.
Dated: July 29, 2024 ___________________________________
Theresa M. Traber
Judge of the Superior Court
Any party may submit on the tentative ruling by contacting the courtroom via email at
Smcdept47@lacourt.org
by no later than 4:00 p.m. the day before the hearing. All interested parties must be copied on the email. It should be noted that if you submit on a tentative ruling the court will still conduct a hearing if any party appears. By submitting on the tentative you have, in essence, waived your right to be present at the hearing, and you should be aware that the court may not adopt the tentative, and may issue an order which modifies the tentative ruling in whole or in part.
Ruling
KPG HEALTHCARE LLC, AN ARIZONA LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY VS SAVANT CARE INC., A CALIFORNIA NONPROFIT CORPORATION, ET AL.
Jul 30, 2024 |
23STCV29725
Case Number:
23STCV29725
Hearing Date:
July 30, 2024
Dept:
48
SUPERIOR COURT OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA
FOR THE COUNTY OF LOS ANGELES - CENTRAL DISTRICT
KPG HEALTHCARE LLC,
Plaintiff,
vs.
SAVANT CARE INC., et al.,
Defendants.
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
CASE NO.: 23STCV29725
[TENTATIVE] ORDER GRANTING PLAINTIFFS MOTION TO COMPEL RESPONSES TO FORM INTERROGATORIES; GRANTING PLAINTIFFS MOTION TO DEEM RFAs ADMITTED
Dept. 48
8:30 a.m.
July 30, 2024
On
December 5, 2023, Plaintiff KPG Healthcare LLC filed this action against Defendant Mindful Values and others.
On March 14, 2024, Plaintiff served Form Interrogatories, Set One and Requests for Admission on Defendant.
After an extension of time, the deadline for Defendant to respond was May 31, 2024, but to date, no responses have been received.
On June 25 and 26, 2024, Plaintiff filed motions to compel responses to the Form Interrogatories and to deem the RFAs admitted.
Where a party fails to serve timely responses to discovery requests, the court may make an order compelling responses.
(Code Civ. Proc., §§ 2030.290, 2031.300;
Healthcare Consulting, Inc. v. Pacific Healthcare Consultants
(2007) 148 Cal.App.4th 390, 403.)
A party that fails to serve timely responses waives any objections to the request, including ones based on privilege or the protection of attorney work product.
(Code Civ. Proc., §§ 2030.290, subd. (a), 2031.300, subd. (a).)
When a party fails to timely respond to a request for admission, the propounding party may move for an order that the genuineness of any documents and the truth of any matters specified in the requests be deemed admitted.
(Code Civ. Proc., § 2033.280, subd. (b).)
The party who failed to respond waives any objections to the demand, unless the court grants them relief from the waiver, upon a showing that the party (1) has subsequently served a substantially compliant response, and (2) that the partys failure to respond was the result of mistake, inadvertence, or excusable neglect.
(Code Civ. Proc., § 2033.280, subds. (a)(1)-(2).)
The court shall grant a motion to deem admitted requests for admissions, unless it finds that the party to whom the requests for admission have been directed has served, before the hearing on the motion, a proposed response to the requests for admission that is in substantial compliance with Section 2033.220.
(Code Civ. Proc., § 2033.280, subd. (c).)
Defendant filed no opposition to these motions and did not serve timely responses.
It does not appear that Defendant served substantially compliant responses prior to the hearing.
Accordingly, the motions are GRANTED.
Defendant is ordered to provide verified responses, without objections, to Form Interrogatories, Set One within 30 days.
The Requests for Admission served on March 14, 2024 are deemed admitted.
The request for sanctions is granted in part.
Defendants counsel is ordered to pay total sanctions of $2,000.00 to Plaintiff within 30 days.
Moving party to give notice.
Parties who intend to submit on this tentative must send an email to the Court at SMCDEPT48@lacourt.org indicating intention to submit.
If all parties in the case submit on the tentative ruling, no appearances before the Court are required unless a companion hearing (for example, a Case Management Conference) is also on calendar.
Dated this 30th day of July 2024
Hon. Thomas D. Long
Judge of the Superior Court
Ruling
ARACELI ACOSTA VS JEFFREY H. SCHWARTZ, ET AL.
Jul 26, 2024 |
22STCV01060
Case Number:
22STCV01060
Hearing Date:
July 26, 2024
Dept:
32
PLEASE NOTE
:
Parties are encouraged to meet and confer concerning this tentative ruling to determine if a resolution may be reached.
If the parties are unable to reach a resolution and a party intends to submit on this tentative ruling, the party must send an email to the Court at
sscdept32@lacourt.org
indicating that partys intention to submit.
The email shall include the case number, date and time of the hearing, counsels contact information (if applicable), and the identity of the party submitting on this tentative ruling.
If the Court does not receive an email indicating the parties are submitting on this tentative ruling and there are no appearances at the hearing, the Court may place the motion off calendar or adopt the tentative ruling as the order of the Court.
If all parties do not submit on this tentative ruling, they should arrange to appear in-person or remotely.
Further, after the Court has posted/issued a tentative ruling, the Court has the inherent authority to prohibit the withdrawal of the subject motion and adopt the tentative ruling as the order of the Court
.
TENTATIVE RULING
DEPT
:
32
HEARING DATE
:
July 26, 2024
CASE NUMBER
:
22STCV01060
MOTIONS
:
Motion to Set Aside Default
MOVING PARTY:
Defendant Akikur R. Mohammad
OPPOSING PARTY:
Plaintiff Araceli Acosta
BACKGROUND
On January 11, 2022,
Plaintiff Araceli Acosta (Plaintiff) filed a wrongful death action.
On August 24, 2023, Plaintiff filed an amendment to the complaint, substituting Defendant Akikur Mohammad (Defendant) as Doe 2.
On December 5, 2023, Plaintiff filed a proof of service of the complaint on Defendant. The proof of service shows that the summons and complaint were served at 7018 Elmsbury Lane, West Hills via substitute service on September 13, 2023 to Irina Chemeleva. Copies of the summons and complaint were also mailed to the address on September 18, 2023.
On December 5, 2023, default was entered against Defendant.
On June 13, 2024, Defendant filed the instant motion to set aside the default based on Code of Civil Procedure section 473.5. Plaintiff opposes. No reply has been filed.
LEGAL STANDARD
Section 473.5
Under Code of Civil Procedure section 473.5, [w]hen service of a summons has not resulted in actual notice to a party in time to defend the action and a default or default judgment has been entered against him or her in the action, he or she may serve and file a notice of motion to set aside the default or default judgment and for leave to defend the action. ¿This motion must be brought within a reasonable time, but in no event exceeding the earlier of: (i) two years after entry of a default judgment against him or her; or (ii) 180 days after service on him or her of a written notice that the default or default judgment has been entered. (Code Civ. Proc. § 473.5(a).)
¿¿¿
The focus of section 473.5 is whether the defaulting party obtained actual notice in time to defend the action.¿Discretionary relief based upon a lack of actual notice under section 473.5 empowers a court to grant relief from a default judgment where a valid service of summons has not resulted in actual notice to a party in time to defend the action.¿ (
Anastos v. Lee
(2004) 118 Cal.App.4th 1314, 1319.)¿A party seeking relief under section 473.5 must provide an affidavit showing under oath that his or her lack of actual notice in time to defend was not caused by inexcusable neglect or avoidance of service.¿(
Ibid
.; Code Civ. Proc. § 473.5(b).)¿The term actual notice means genuine knowledge of the party litigant.¿(
Rosenthal v. Garner
(1983) 142 Cal.App.3d 891, 895.)¿
The party seeking relief must serve and file with the notice a copy of the answer, motion, or other pleading proposed to be filed in the action. (
Code Civ. Proc. § 473.5(b).)
EVIDENTIARY OBJECTIONS
The Court overrules Plaintiffs objection number 1 and declines to rule on objection 2 as it has no effect on the ruling herein.
DISCUSSION
As an initial matter, the record does not show that Plaintiff served written notice of the entry of default on Defendant. Though the opposition argues that Plaintiff sent Defendant notice of the Request for Default on November 29, 2024 and December 5, 2024, she does not show that she served notice that the default was entered. Therefore, the deadline for bringing this motion under section 473.5 is two years after the default was entered: December 5, 2025. Since Defendant filed this motion on June 13, 2024, it is timely.
Secondly, to the extent Defendant argues that Plaintiff did not use reasonable diligence to attempt personal service, the Court notes that Defendant provides authority that two or three attempts are sufficient. (Motion, 8.) Here, the proof of service shows that the process server made three attempts on consecutive days and at different times of the day before substitute service was made. Therefore, substitute service was sufficient.
Turning to the main issue of actual notice, Defendant offers the declaration of Irina Shmeleva, his wife, who received the papers during the substitute service. She declares, under penalty of perjury, that from August 9, 2022 to May 8, 2023, Defendant was incarcerated for financial crimes. (Shmeleva Decl. ¶ 3.) She states that she became angry with him for the crimes and resulting financial hardship on their family. When he returned home, she would not speak to Defendant and did not see him even though they were living in the same house. She declares the following: I was handed legal papers for my husband on September 13, 2023 was still so upset at my husband that I put the papers somewhere and promptly forgot about them. I did not inform my husband that I received documents for him. One of our daughters resides with us and she was the person in our family that picked up the mail. She never told me that any mail arrived for my husband. (
Id.
¶ 5-6.)
Defendants declaration also confirms that his relationship with his wife was fractured following his release from prison. (Mohammad Decl. ¶ 3.) He further declares:
In April 2024 I received a copy of a document from plaintiff's attorney applying for a default judgment against me. I was shocked and asked my wife if she knew anything about it and at first she said she knew nothing about it. A little later, she brought me the documents and told me that she was sorry but that she put them down and then forgot about them since we were still having relationship problems at that time. I knew nothing about the attempts at service since I was not home when the attempts were made and my wife did not tell me that someone was looking for me. I immediately contacted my insurance carrier but learned that the claim was denied as it was not presented during the period of time that I was insured.
(Mohammad Decl. ¶¶ 4-6.)
In opposition, Plaintiff argues that Defendant has not set forth enough evidence showing he lacked actual notice of the lawsuit. However, based on the declarations, Defendant has shown that his lack of actual notice was not caused by inexcusable neglect or avoidance of service. Plaintiff provides no evidence to the contrary. As a result, the motion to set aside the default under section 473.5 is granted.
[1]
CONCLUSION AND ORDER
Therefore, the Court GRANTS Defendants Motion to
Set Aside the Default entered on December 5, 2023.
Defendant shall file and serve his proposed answer within 10 days.
The matter is set for a Final Status Conference on March 3, 2025 in Department 32 of the Spring Street Courthouse.
Trial is set for March 17, 2025 at 8:30 a.m. in Department 32 of the Spring Street Courthouse.
Defendant to provide notice and file a proof of service of such.
[1]
Though Defendant also mentions arguments surrounding Code of Civil Procedure section 364, a settlement in this case, and the statute of limitations, these appear to demonstrate that Defendant has a meritorious defense and are not argued to be relevant for the inquiry to set aside the default. As a result, the Court will not address these arguments at this time.
Ruling
THE MANIJEH SHAMS TRUST, ET AL. VS FARIBA JAVAHERPOUR
Jul 26, 2024 |
22BBCV00226
Case Number:
22BBCV00226
Hearing Date:
July 26, 2024
Dept:
A LOS ANGELES SUPERIOR COURT
NORTH CENTRAL DISTRICT - BURBANK
DEPARTMENT A
TENTATIVE RULING
JANUARY 25, 2024
MOTION TO ENFORCE SETTLEMENT AGREEMENT
Los Angeles Superior Court Case # 22BBCV00226
MP:
THE MANIJUE SHAMS TRUST AND MANIJEH SHAMS (Plaintiff)
RP:
FARIBA JAVAHEROUR, ET AL (Defendant)
All parties are requested to appear either in person or via LA Court Connect to address the tentative ruling.
Brief Summary of Requested Relief
The Court has read and considered Plaintiffs Motion to Enforce Settlement, Defendants opposition, as well as Defendants Further Opposition to the Motion.
The parties entered into a settlement as set forth in Plaintiffs moving papers, which included a CCP §664.6 provision.
Defendant has declined to sign the written settlement agreement until Plaintiff amends her trust to reflect that the settlement of $60,000 will inure to the benefit of the Plaintiffs grandchildren, specifically the children of Plaintiffs deceased son, Massoud Bahmanyar.
The parties appear to be at an impasse.
Ruling on Motion to Enforce Settlement
Pursuant to CCP §664.6, a Court has continuing jurisdiction to enforce a settlement agreement.
As such, the Court exercises its authority under CCP §664.6 and orders the following be completed within the next 30 days:
1.
Plaintiff Manijeh Shams is to create a new irrevocable trust: The Manijeh Shams Irrevocable Grandchild Trust in which she is the primary beneficiary, and the children of Massoud Bahmanyar are the contingent beneficiaries.
Manijeh Shams shall be the initial trustee, with a successor trustee to be named by Ms. Shams in the trust.
2.
The terms of the trust will include that the $60,000 settlement, as well as any earnings, may be used for the direct support of the settlor, and upon settlors death will inure to the benefit of Massoud Bahmanyars children in equal parts
per stirpes
. In the event that any grandchild predeceases the settlor, that grandchilds share shall inure to the grandchilds children
per stirpes.
In the event that a deceased grandchild has no children, the share shall be divided equally among the remaining living grandchildren.
3.
Defendant Fariba Javaherpour shall deposit the total sum of $60,000 into the newly established trust within ten days of being informed that the new irrevocable trust has been established and a bank account in the name of the new trust is set up.
4.
The Manijeh Shams Irrevocable Grandchild Trust shall be subject to Part 4, Chapter 1 of the California Probate Code, beginning at §16060 et seq., including but not limited, to §§16062 and 16063.
Upon request from any contingent beneficiary, the contingent beneficiaries shall have a right directly, or through their representative if minors, to have an accounting no more than annually.
The accounting may be informal, and the cost of the accounting shall be incurred by the trust.
Any contingent beneficiary has the right to petition the court for a formal accounting if there is a prima facie basis to believe that the informal accounting does not properly reflect the trust distributions and expenses.
5.
The individual trustee shall not be entitled to compensation for administration of the trust, nor shall any bond be required of any individual trustee.
A professional or commercial trustee shall be entitled to compensation as permitted by law.
Manijeh Shams may propose specific language to the Court if necessary, with objections and alternative language being proposed by Defendant Fariba Javaherpour.
The Court sets a Status Conference Re: Settlement Agreement compliance for August 8, 2024 at 10:00 AM.
ORDER
The Plaintiffs Motion to Enforce the Settlement Agreement c
ame on for hearing on July 25, 2024, with appearances/submissions as noted in the minute order for said hearing, and the court, being fully advised in the premises, did then and there rule as follows:
THE MOTION TO ENFORCE THE SETTLEMENT AGREEMENT IS GRANTED.
PLAINTIFF TO CREATE NEW IRREVOCABLE TRUST CONSISTENT WITH THE TERMS OF THE SETTLEMENT AGREEMENT MEMORIALIZED IN THE COURTS PRIOR MINUTE ORDER.
NEW IRREVOCABLE TRUST SHALL CONTAIN THE TERMS SET FORTH IN THIS RULING.
DEFENDANT IS TO FUND THE TRUST WITHIN 10 DAYS OF BEING NOTIFIED OF THE NEW TRUSTS CREATION AND BEING PROVIDED BANKING INFORMATION IN THE NAME OF THE NEW TRUST.
STATUS CONFERENCE RE: SETTLEMENT AGREEMENT COMPLIANCE IS AUGUST 8, 2024 AT 10:00 AM.
UNLESS ALL PARTIES WAIVE NOTICE, PLAINTIFF TO GIVE NOTICE.
IT IS SO ORDERED.
DATE: July 26, 2024
_______________________________
F.M. TAVELMAN, Judge
Superior Court of California
County of Los Angeles
Ruling
HAMID REZA MIRSHOJAE, ET AL. VS 5975-5999 TOPANGA CANYON BLVD LLC, ET AL.
Jul 26, 2024 |
21STCV37556
Case Number:
21STCV37556
Hearing Date:
July 26, 2024
Dept:
F43 Dept. F43
Date: 7-26-24
Case #21STCV37556,
Hamid Reza Mirshojae, et al. vs. 5975-5999 Topanga Canyon Blvd LLC, et al.
Trial Date: N/A
MOTION FOR ATTORNEY FEES
MOVING PARTY: Plaintiffs Hamid Reza Mirshojae and Woodland Hills Medical Clinic II, Inc.
RESPONDING PARTY: Defendants 5975-5999 Topanga Canyon Blvd, LLC and Ahang Mirshojae
RELIEF REQUESTED
Plaintiffs are requesting attorney fees in the amount of $
619,675
, plus $17,036.01 in costs, from Defendants.
RULING
: Motion for attorney fees is granted at a reduced amount. No costs will be awarded at this time.
SUMMARY OF ACTION
Plaintiff Hamid Reza Mirshojae (Hamid) and Defendant Ahang Zarin Mirshojae (Ahang) were formerly married and were engaged in extensive litigation against each other prior to 2017. The assets in dispute were in excess of $20 million. At mediation, Hamid and Ahang entered a complex settlement agreement. Immediately after, Hamid alleges that Ahang breached the settlement agreement, and he was forced to incur attorney fees to enforce various terms of the agreement. Eventually, Hamid filed the current suit to enforce the settlement agreement on October 12, 2021.
Ahang accused Hamid and his counsel of inducing her to sign the settlement agreement and sued him for $7 million in damages. This Court eventually struck Ahangs complaint based on Plaintiffs anti-SLAPP motion and determined that Ahang was a vexatious litigant. After this ruling, Ahang attempted to disqualify Hamids lead counsel, though that motion was rejected. Hamid alleges that he has incurred significant legal fees over the course of this litigation.
Finally, after two years of litigation, the parties settled via a 998 Offer on November 17, 2023. The 998 Offer required Defendants to pay Plaintiffs $270,000 and reasonable fees and costs as determined by the Court. Plaintiffs are requesting attorney fees pursuant to the part of the 998 Offer that allows for reasonable fees to be paid.
Plaintiffs are requesting $619,675 in attorney fees from Defendants. Plaintiffs argue in their motion that the attorney fees and hourly rates are reasonable. Plaintiffs evidence in support of their request for attorney fees included a declaration from their attorney, Christopher Beatty, and billing statements (with some redactions) that show which attorney worked on a task, what the task was, and how much time was spent on the task. (Beatty Decl., Ex. H.) The Beatty Declaration also includes a table which shows the hourly rates of the attorneys who worked on the case and their hourly rates at different times. (Beatty Decl., ¶ 35.)
Christopher Beattys hourly rates were $950 (for 2.5 hours in 2021), $975 (for 19.2 hours in 2022), and $1,300 (for 1.5 hours in 2022 and 71.6 hours in 2023). Tami K. Sims hourly rate was $1,115 (for 83.4 hours in 2023). Trevor T. Garneys hourly rate was $955 (for 87.8 hours in 2023). Arron J. Paks hourly rate was $705 (for 277.3 hours in 2023). Minh-Van Dos hourly rates were $795 (for 0.5 hours in 2021) and $840 (for 76.1 hours in 2022). Benjamin Mandels hourly rate was $595 (for 89.6 hours in 2022). Finally, Scarlet Speakmores hourly rate was $350 (for 38.8 hours in 2022).
The total lodestar was calculated by multiplying each of these attorneys hourly rate by their hours worked then adding them all together. The total hours worked for the attorneys totaled 748.3. The total lodestar amount, as previously noted, is $619,675.
Plaintiffs have also requested costs in the amount $17,036.01. However, costs are awarded pursuant to California Rules of Court, Rule 3.1700. If Plaintiffs wish to request costs, Plaintiffs should file a memorandum of costs at the appropriate time.
Defendants Evidentiary Objections to the Declaration of Keith M. Maziarek:
Sustained: Entire Declaration (irrelevant), Paragraph 11
Overruled: None
Plaintiffs Evidentiary Objections to the Declaration of June D. Coleman and the Declaration of Raffi Kassabian: The individual evidentiary objections presented by Plaintiffs to these two declarations are not consecutively numbered. Typically, when written objections to evidence are filed, the written objection must be number consecutively. (See Cal. Rules of Court Rule 3.1354 (applies to written objections to evidence for summary judgment motions).) While Plaintiffs listed them by paragraph number from the declarations, this is not necessarily effective, because in some instances Plaintiffs objected to different sentences from the same paragraph and listed them separately with the same paragraph number. The Court will not rule on the individual evidentiary objections based on this procedural deficiency. Plaintiffs have objected to the entire Coleman Declaration on the basis that it is improper expert testimony because Coleman has not shown any special knowledge, skill, etc., related to billing for these types of cases pursuant to Evidence Code § 720. The Court has determined that Coleman has sufficiently demonstrated her special knowledge as a fee expert with this declaration and her recently submitted supplemental declaration. Plaintiffs objection to the entire Coleman Declaration is overruled.
On April 9, 2024, a hearing was held on Plaintiffs motion for attorney fees. That same day, the Court issued a ruling on the submitted matter requesting that the parties submit additional briefing and that Plaintiffs submit invoices that do not redact the lawyers hourly rates or the amounts billed, along with supplemental points and authorities supporting their fee requests in light of that information.
On May 24, 2024, Plaintiffs submitted their supplemental brief. In their brief, Plaintiffs argue that the Court should award standard hourly rates and that the fees sought for all tasks are reasonable. Plaintiffs submitted new billing records that still contain some redactions, but they do not redact the lawyers hourly rates or the amounts billed.
On June 25, 2024, Defendants submitted their supplemental opposition brief. Defendants argue that the Court should significantly reduce the fees requested by Plaintiffs. Defendants also argue that the Court should consider Defendants expert declaration. Defendants also acknowledge that Plaintiffs conceded that the actual hourly rates and amounts billed are not privileged.
ANALYSIS
A prevailing party is entitled to recover its attorneys fees when authorized by contract, statute, or law. (See CCP § 1033.5(a)(10); Cal. Civ. Code § 1717(a).) A successful party means a prevailing party, and [a party] may be considered prevailing parties for attorneys fees purposes if they succeed on any significant issue in litigation which achieves some of the benefit the parties sought in bringing suit. (
Bowman v. City of Berkeley
(2005) 131 Cal.App.4th 173, 178.)
Plaintiffs are the prevailing party by virtue of the fact that the parties settled in Plaintiffs favor via the 998 Offer. Plaintiffs have requested a total of $619,675 in attorney fees.
Defendants previously opposed Plaintiffs motion on the basis that Plaintiffs agreed only to recover fees actually incurred and according to proof in the 998 Offer, and Defendants argued that Plaintiffs have not provided this proof. However, this argument was resolved with Plaintiffs supplemental brief, as Plaintiffs have now provided unredacted hourly rates and amounts billed.
Plaintiffs attorney Christopher D. Beatty acknowledges in his supplemental declaration that the actual amount charged to the client was $543,156. (Beatty Supp. Decl., ¶ 5.) Defendants argue in their supplemental opposition that this should be the baseline from which any reductions in the requested amount should be made. Defendants argue that Plaintiffs should only be able to recover fees actually incurred because that is what the 998 Offer between the parties allowed. (See
San Dieguito Pship, L.P. v. San Dieguito River Valley Regl Open Spake Park Joint Powers Auth.
(1998) 61 Cal.App.4th 910, disapproved on other grounds by
PLCM Group v. Drexler
(2000) 22 Cal.4th 1084.) The Court agrees. Plaintiffs should only recover the fees actually incurred, which in this case is, at a maximum, $543,156.
Next, Defendants contest the reasonableness of the fees incurred by Plaintiffs.
In determining the reasonableness of fees, courts look to the factors from
Church of Scientology v. Wollersheim
(1996) 42 Cal.App.4th 628, disapproved on other grounds by
Equilon Enters. v. Consumer Cause, Inc.
(2002) 29 Cal.4th 53, 68 n.5. The factors from
Wollersheim
are (1) the amount of money involved in the litigation; (2) the nature of the litigation and its difficulty and the intricacies and importance of the litigation; (3) the skill required and employed in handling the litigation, the necessity for skilled legal training and ability in trying the case, and counsels education and experience in the particular type of work involved; (4) the attention given to the case; (5) the success of the attorneys efforts; and (6) the time consumed by the litigation. (
Id.
)
Plaintiffs argued in the initial motion that they met all of these factors. First, Plaintiffs argue that large amounts of money were involved in this litigation because of Ahangs cross-complaint for $7 million and the fact that the original settlement agreement divided the parties assets that were valued in excess of $20 million. Next, for the second factor, Plaintiffs argue that the nature of this case was an emotional case between two ex-spouses and business partners with significant assets at issue, and Ahang had been determined by the Court to have engaged in fraud. For the third factor, Plaintiffs argued that this was a complex case that required an experienced legal team to handle it, and Beattys team were the logical ones to handle it because Beatty had handled the cases that led to the settlement agreement. For the fourth factor, Plaintiffs argued that their counsel had to devote significant attention to this case. For the fifth factor, Plaintiffs argued that their counsel had success throughout the case in prevailing on the anti-SLAPP motion and defeating the attempt to disqualify Beatty, as well as being the prevailing party for the 998 Offer. Finally, for the sixth factor, Plaintiffs argued that this case consumed considerable time and went on for two years and would have gone on much longer if Hamid had not accepted the 998 Offer.
Defendants argue that the attorney fee award should be reduced as the hours billed are excessively unreasonable. A fee request that appears unreasonably inflated is a special circumstance permitting the trial court to reduce the award or deny one altogether. (
Chavez v. City of Los Angeles
(2010) 47 Cal.4th 970, 990-991(citing
Serrano v. Unruh
(1982) 32 Cal.3d 621, 635).)
This Court previously acknowledged in its tentative ruling the apparent excessive billing for several of Plaintiffs motions: the Anti-SLAPP Motion (160.5 hours), Opposition to Motion to Disqualify (96.5 hours), Demurrer (90.2 hours), Motion for Attorney fees re Anti-SLAPP Motion (49 hours), and Motion to Quash Summons (38.6 hours). This Court also suggested reducing the time spent on those motions by 25%. Defendants argue that they should be reduced by at least 60% because they are beyond excessive.
Other specific tasks that Defendants argue were excessively billed were the 4.0 hours for a half-page notice of continuance; 12.1 hours for a subpoena with 8 document requests; 14.7 hours spent on two identical subpoenas with 6 document requests; 22.3 hours spent on 3 page ex parte application and 2 page declaration to advance a hearing date; 18.3 hours preparing for and drafting a mediation brief; and 10.3 hours on generic case analysis over 48 entries. Defendants argue that the Court should also take into account all of these minor issues in awarding the attorney fees.
Defendants also argue that the at least 209.5 hours spent in relation to the Anti-SLAPP motion was beyond excessive and should be reduced by more than 25%. Defendants cite a case where the Court of Appeal affirmed a reduction in attorney fees and costs related to an Anti-SLAPP motion from $112,288.63 to just $23,000, with the Court of Appeal stating that claiming 200 hours of work & seems excessive and that such a motion should not have been such a monumental undertaking. (
Maughan v. Google Technology, Inc.
(2006) 143 Cal.App.4th 1242, 1248-1252.) Defendant
Finally, Defendants argue that the Court should consider Defendants expert declaration because it would be admissible because the experts declaration included descriptions of her experience as a fee expert. (See Coleman Decl., ¶¶ 3-10, 14, and 15.) The Court previously sustained Plaintiffs objections to the Coleman Declaration, but in light of Defendants arguments and Colemans supplemental declaration, the Court will consider Colemans declaration.
In light of all of the foregoing, the Court believes that some reduction of the requested fees is necessary. Both the previously indicated major issues and the minor issues that Defendants have brought to the attention of the Court should be reduced.
The amount that the Court will start with is $543,156 in fees actually incurred. The Court previously considered reducing certain fees by 25%. Defendants request an across the board reduction of 60%, which would be $217,262 in fees awarded. Alternatively, Defendants request that the Court do an across the board reduction of 25%, since that percentage is what the Court previously found was appropriate. Based on both the major and minor issues with the billing records, the Court agrees that an across the board reduction is appropriate. The Court also finds that an across the board reduction of 25% is reasonable. That would make the fee award $407,367.
The Court will award this amount. Plaintiffs have demonstrated that their attorneys hourly rates are rates are reasonable. Furthermore, this was a complex class requiring a lot of motion practice, particularly where the Anti-SLAPP motion is concerned. Plaintiffs have provided proof of the amount of time spent on the case through the now-unredacted billing statements.
CONCLUSION
Plaintiffs motion for attorney fees is granted in the amount of $407,367.00. Costs should be requested in a memorandum of costs.
Moving party to give notice.
Document
ERIN KRAKOW VS TESLA, INC.
Jul 02, 2024 |
Daniel M. Crowley
|
Product Liability ? Song-Beverly Consumer Warranty Act¿(Lemon Law) (General Jurisdiction) |
Product Liability ? Song-Beverly Consumer Warranty Act¿(Lemon Law) (General Jurisdiction) |
24STCV16413
Document
MICHAEL KORS VS ARROW INN
Jul 15, 2019 |
Georgina T. Rizk
|
Other Personal Injury/Property Damage/Wrongful Death (General Jurisdiction) |
Other Personal Injury/Property Damage/Wrongful Death (General Jurisdiction) |
19STCV24563
Preview
Electronically FILED by Superior Court of California, County of Los Angeles on 02/13/2020 04:54 PM Sherri R. Carter, Executive Officer/Clerk of Court, by R. Clifton,Deputy Clerk 20STCV06216 Assigned for all purposes to: Stanley Mosk Courthouse, Judicial Officer: Malcolm Mackey 1 JAMES J. PERKINS (SBN 126163) DENNIS S. NEWITT (SBN 243276) 2 COLMAN LAW GROUP 500 North Brand Boulevard, Suite 2200 Glendale, California 91203 3 TELEPHONE (818)546-8686 FACSIMILE (818)546-8787 4 Attorneys for Plaintiff 5 WAWANESA GENERAL INSURANCE COMPANY 6 7 8 SUPERIOR COURT OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA 9 COUNTY OF LOS ANGELES - CENTRAL DISTRICT 10 11 WAWANESA GENERAL INSURANCE Case No.: COMPANY, a California Corporation, 12 Plaintiff, COMPLAINT FOR DECLARATORY 13 RELIEF vs. 14 Notice of Related Cases to be filed concurrently: VIGEN TSATURYAN, an individual; LASC Case No. 19STCP01840; LASC Case No. 15 ARTIN TSATURYAN, an individual; BC653561 ARMOND TSATURYAN, an individual; and 16 DOES 1 through 20, inclusive, 17 Defendants. 18 19 20 Plaintiff WAWANESA GENERAL INSURANCE COMPANY, a California Corporation, 21 hereby alleges as follows: 22 1. At all times herein relevant, Plaintiff WAWANESA GENERAL INSURANCE 23 COMPANY ("Plaintiff' or "Wawanesa") was a corporation duly qualified to do business in the 24 State of California as an insurance company and is authorized to engage in business in the County 25 of Los Angeles. 26 2. Plaintiff is informed and believes, and thereon alleges, that at all times herein 27 relevant, Defendants VIGENTSATURYAN, ARTINTSATURYAN and ARMOND 28 TSATURYAN were residents of the County of Los Angeles, State of California. COMPLAINT FOR DECLARATORY RELIEF 1 3. Plaintiff is ignorant of the true names and capacities of the individuals or entities 2 sued herein as DOES 1 through 20, who may have been involved in the acts alleged herein. 3 Plaintiff alleges that each of the DOE defendants sued herein is legally responsible in some 4 manner for the events and happenings referred to herein, and the Plaintiff's damages as alleged 5 were proximately caused by their conduct. Plaintiff therefore sues said Defendants by such 6 fictitious names and will ask leave of court to amend this Complaint to show their true names and 7 capacities when the same has been ascertained. 8 4. At all times herein, Defendants and each of them were the agents, servants, and 9 employees of each Defendant, and in doing the things herein described, were acting within the 10 course and scope of their authority as such agents, servants, and employees. z~ <(o 11 5. There are two prior actions filed in Los Angeles County Superior Court that arise 12 from the same set of facts that are the basis for this action for Declaratory Relief, which stem from ~~ ....J 13 an alleged automobile collision of March 21, 2016 ("the Collision"). As set forth below, in Los Q3 u~ 14 Angeles Superior Court Case No. BC653561, entitled Vigen Tsaturyan, et al. v. Sergo Kutelia, et 15 al., plaintiffs filed a personal injury action alleging bodily injuries and property damage as a result ~ 16 of the Collision. Los Angeles Superior Court Case No. 19STCP01840, entitled Vigen Tsaturyan 17 and Artin Tsaturyan v. Wawanesa Insurance Company, is a petition for an order compelling 18 arbitration in connection with the plaintiffs/petitioners' uninsured motorist claim with Wawanesa 19 stemming from the Collision. These two cases are referred to as the "Underlying Actions." 20 6. Plaintiff is informed and believes, and thereon alleges, that the Underlying Actions, 21 as more particularly set forth below, arise from a staged auto accident, and :fraudulent activity by 22 Defendants, and each of them. Plaintiff thus seeks declaratory relief by way of this action that it 23 owes no coverage to Defendants and owes no further duties under the subject Wawanesa policy 24 and also seeks an Order staying the arbitration hearing by way of a separate motion filed 25 concurrently in Case No. 19STCP01840. 26 BACKGROUND FACTS; THE UNDERLYING ACTIONS 27 7. On March 21, 2016, defendants allege they were involved in an automobile 28 collision with Sergo Kutelia. Defendant Vigen Tsaturyan was the alleged driver of a 2008 2 COMPLAINT FOR DECLARATORY RELIEF 1 Mercedes Benz E350, and defendant Artin Tsaturyan was a passenger. This is described herein as 2 the "Collision". There is an issue at hand as to whether the Collision occurred as claimed or at all. 3 Vigen Tsaturyan was insured under a policy of auto insurance issued by Plaintiff. Defendant 4 Armond Tsaturyan was the registered owner of the Mercedes. The Mercedes was an insured 5 vehicle under the Wawanesa policy. Sergo Kutelia was the alleged driver of a 2002 BMW 525i 6 and was insured under an auto liability policy issued by State Fann Mutual Automobile Insurance 7 Company. The Collision reportedly took place at Bryant Street and Darby Avenue in Northridge, 8 California. A true and accurate copy of the Wawanesa policy ("Policy") is attached as Exhibit 1. 9 8. Sergo Kutelia admitted fault for the alleged Collision. Defendants made bodily 10 injury and property damage claims with Kutelia's carrier, State Fann. On March 7, 2017, Vigen z~ <(o 11 Tsaturyan and Artin Tsaturyan filed a Complaint against Sergo Kutelia, LASC Case No. 12 BC653561. On July 7, 2017, State Fann :filed a Complaint for Declaratory Relief against ~~ o~ -I u~ 13 defendants Sergo Kutelia, Vigen Tsaturyan, Artin Tsaturyan and Armond Tsaturyan, LASC Case 14 No. BC667650. The State Fann complaint sought a judgment against Kutelia that no rights, duties 15 or obligations arose or existed under the State Fann Mutual auto policy, or that any benefits or ~ 16 coverage existed for Vigen Tsaturyan, Artin Tsaturyan, or Armond Tsaturyan. 17 9. On or about March 19, 2018, State Fann obtained a default judgment against 18 Kutelia and the Tsaturyans as these defendants failed to respond or appear in the action. The 19 signed judgment indicated that Kutelia breached the Insured's Duties policy condition, failed to 20 cooperate with State Fann, breached the Concealment and Fraud policy condition, and thus State 21 Fann owed no benefits, coverage, further duties or responsibilities to Kutelia from the March 21, 22 2016, loss. Further, State Fann had no duty or derivative responsibility to Vigen Tsaturyan, Artin 23 Tsaturyan, or Armond Tsaturyan for claims arising from the March 21, 2016, loss, and that the 24 Collision of March 21, 2016, did not occur as claimed and thus did not constitute "an Accident" 25 under the terms of the State Fann policy. 26 10. On May 10, 2019, Vigen Tsaturyan and Artin Tsaturyan filed a Petition for Order 27 Compelling Uninsured Motorist Arbitration against Wawanesa, LASC Case No. 19STCP01840, 28 as a result of State Farm's default judgment and declaration of no coverage under Kutelia's State 3 COMPLAINT FOR DECLARATORY RELIEF 1 Farm policy. The petition was set for hearing on November 4, 2019. The Court's tentative ruling 2 was to grant the petition. The parties submitted on the tentative which became the final order of 3 the Court. 4 11. State Farm and Wawanesa conducted investigations regarding the subject claim. 5 Among other items of concern to Wawanesa, defendants failed to present for Examinations Under 6 Oath as required by the Policy, defendants Vigen and Artin Tsaturyan provided inconsistent and 7 conflicting information regarding their injuries and medical treatment as a result of the collision, 8 the 2008 Mercedes Benz E350 had a history of property damage, including a total loss on January 9 12, 2013, the Mercedes previously had a ''junk" title before its acquisition by defendant Armond 10 Tsaturyan, and defendants Vigen Tsaturyan, Artin Tsaturyan and Armond Tsaturyan each has a 11 significant recent clams history. 12 12. Plaintiff now brings this Declaratory Relief action, contending that no benefits or 13 coverage exist under the Uninsured Motorist provisions of the Policy for defendants based on the 14 alleged staged accident of March 21, 2016, the fraud and non-cooperation provisions of the Policy. 15 FIRST CAUSE OF ACTION 16 DECLARATORY RELIEF AGAINST ALL DEFENDANTS 17 13. Plaintiff incorporates by reference Paragraphs 1 through 12 of this Complaint as 18 though fully set forth herein. 19 14. On or about May 8, 2015, Wawanesa issued a policy of automobile insurance to 20 named insured Vigen Tsaturyan, Policy Number 10023940, which contained Uninsured Motorist 21 coverage limits of $30,000 per person and $60,000 per each occurrence. A true and accurate copy 22 of the Policy is attached as Exhibit 1. 23 15. On or about March 24, 2016, Wawanesa received first notice ofloss in connection 24 with the alleged collision of March 21, 2016. The loss was assigned claim number 01270350. On 25 May 24, 2018, in a letter to claimants' counsel, Wawanesa acknowledged claimants' counsel's 26 forthcoming demand for payment under the Uninsured Motorist Bodily Injury provisions of the 27 Policy. 28 /// 4 COMPLAINT FOR DECLARATORY RELIEF 1 16. An actual controversy has arisen and now exists between Wawanesa and Defendants, 2 and each of them, as to the existence of coverage available under the Policy, in light of Plaintiff's 3 loss investigation and evidence that the loss of March 21, 2016, did not occur as claimed, and was 4 made for the purpose of committing fraud. 5 17. By and through this Complaint, and in keeping with its statutory obligations under 6 the California Insurance Code, Wawanesa seeks relief necessary for a declaration that it owes no 7 coverage, further duties or responsibilities to Defendants under the Policy. 8 WHEREFORE, Plaintiff Wawanesa prays for relief as follows: 9 1. For a judicial declaration that no coverage is owed under Wawanesa General 10 Insurance Policy No. 10023940 for Defendants in relation to the reported Collision of March 21, z~ <(o 11 2016 giving rise to Wawanesa claim number 01270350; ~; 12 2. For a judicial declaration that Wawanesa has no duty to provide any insurance o~ -I u~ 13 benefits to Defendants under the terms of the Policy in relation to the reported Collision of March 14 21, 2016 giving rise to Wawanesa claim number 01270350; 15 3. That judgment be granted in favor of Wawanesa and for costs of suit herein; 16 4. For such other and further relief as this Court may deem just and proper. 17 18 DATED: February 12, 2020 COLMAN LAW GROUP 19 20 21 BY:_Ll'-"--'-/)WJ........;..;::·~~~'----'----' - --' --- JAMES J. PERKINS 22 DENNIS S. NEWITT Attorneys for Plaintiff WAWANES A 23 GENERAL INSURANCE COMPANY 24 25 26 27 28 5 COMPLAINT FOR DECLARATORY RELIEF EXHIBIT 1 To Whom It May Concern: I attest that this is a true and correct copy of the declarations page and policy booklet for Automobile insurance policy 10023940, in force and in effect at the time of the motor vehicle incident which occurred on March 21, 2016. Witness my hand this 11 th day of February 2020. surance Company A notary public or other officer completing this certificate verifies only the identity of the individual who signed the document, to which this certificate is attached, and not the truthfulness, accuracy, or validity of that document. State of California ) ) ss. County of San Diego ) Subscribed and sworn to before me on this 11th day of February 2020 by Monica Perry, proved to me based on satisfactory evidence to be the person who appeared before me. Wit~ess my hand and officiat seal. Notary Public - California !... C~1Jr{lMJt~ otary Public ~ z • J. •• C •• San Diego County Commission# 2175144 Ml t TR; gx~r: £•21°.2~2&1 0 Page I of 1 PERSONAL AUTOMOBILE POLICY AMENDED COVER PAGE VIGEN TSATURYAN WAWANESAINSURANCE 405 EAST FAIRVIEW AVE. UNIT 18 9050 FRIARS RD STE 101 GLENDALE CA 91207 SAN DIEGO CA 92108-5865 Telephone: 1-800-640-2920 Policy Number Account Number Policy Period 12:01 A.M. standard time at the address of the 10023940 386641-1 From May 8, 2015 to May 8, 2016 Named Insured as stated herein Thank you for your continued business with Wawanesa General Insurance Company ("Wawanesa Insurance"). We appreciate the opportunity to provide you with quality coverage and peace of mind knowing that we strive to provide the most dependable coverage at the lowest price possible. For information regarding Wawanesa Insurance including products and services, please visit our website at wawanesa.com. Please review your amended Policy Declaration. This Declaration supersedes any previous declaration bearing the same policy number for this policy term. The amended Declaration Is effective MAR 01, 2016. As requested by Vigen Tsaturyan, the following items have been amended: Policy Information Drivers Vehicles Coverages By accepting this Policy and the Declaration pages you consent to be legally bound by the provisions of the policy. Including the coverage limits, options and endorsements. Important Information (This page is part of your Policy Declaration): As of January 1, 2016, you have the right to designate one additional person to receive notice of lapse, termination, expiration, non-renewal or cancellation of your policy for nonpayment of premium. You may establish or change this designated person by completing the attached Schedule and mailing, emailing, or faxing this completed notice to us. You may also request this change by visiting wawanesa.com on or after January 1, 2016. If you are responsible for the payments due on this policy, please refer to the invoice statement (enclosed or mailed separately). The invoice statement also includes additional payment information, such as our flexible new payment options. Questions? Our knowledgeable Customer Service Representatives will be happy to assist you with any questions you may have after reviewing your information. Did you know? We're available online 24/7! Visit wawanesa.com to submit changes to your policy, report a claim, or receive a free insurance quote in minutes. Wawanesa welcomes referrals from satisfied policyholders as an important means of developing new business. Earning Your Trust Since 1896 Mar 01, 201615:42 CT "Wawanesa Insurance" is a trademark ofWawanesa General Insurance Company PERSONAL AUTOMOBILE POLICY Amended Declaration effective AMENDED DECLARATION Mar 01, 2016 Supersedes any previous declaration bearing the same policy number for this policy term. VIGEN TSATURYAN WAWANESA INSURANCE 405 EAST FAIRVIEW AVE. UNIT 18 9050 FRIARS RD STE 101 GLENDALE CA 91207 SAN DIEGO CA 92108-5865 Telephone: 1-800-640-2920 Policy Number Account Number Policy Period 12:01 A.M. standard lime at the address of the 10023940 386641-1 From May 8, 2015 to May 8, 2016 Named Insured as stated herein Named lnsured's Phone Number: 818-922-4680 Named lnsured's Email Address: armantsaturyan@yahoo.com Your previous 12 month premium was $6,914.00. Your amended 12 month premium is $5,098.00. The pro rated change in premium for the remainder of the policy term is -$338.00. Refer to the breakdown of premiums below. All policy transactions, including cancellations, are calculated on a pro rata basis. Description of Owned Vehicle(s) Vehicle Year Make Model Vehicle Identification Number Premium per Vehicle {$) 2 2014 Lexus ES 300H (HYBRID) JTHBW1 GG7E2055720 1,337.00 3 2014 Lexus ES 300H (HYBRID) JTHBW1 GG7E2058696 1,529.00 4 2005 Lexus RX330 JTJGA31U250054077 1,195.00 5 2008 Mercedes Benz E350 WDBUF56X68B299087 1,037.00 Insurance is provided only with respect to the coverage's for which a Premium is stated, subject to all conditions of the policy. Coverage and Limits of Uability Premiums per Vehicle($) See Policy for Coverage Details 2 3 4 5 Bodily Injury Liability $50,000 per person/$100,000 each occurrence 263.00 289.00 277.00 239.00 Property Damage Liability $50,000 each occurrence 188.00 220.00 224.00 170.00 Medical Payments $5,000 each person 49.00 49.00 53.00 47.00 Comprehensive $500 deductible 106.00 104.00 69.00 92.00 Collision $500 deductible 647.00 783.00 486.00 409.00 Uninsured/Underinsured Motorists Protection $30,000 per person/$60,000 each occurrence 70.00 70.00 72.00 66.00 Uninsured Motorists Collision Deductible Waiver 14.00 14.00 14.00 14.00 Total Premium per Vehicle ($) 1,337.00 1,529.00 1,195.00 1,037.00 Mar 01, 201615:42 CT ''Wawanesa Insurance" is a trademark of Wawanesa General Insurance Company PERSONAL AUTOMOBILE POLICY AMENDED DECLARATION Amended Declaration effectiv: Mar01,2016 .. . l I Supersedes any previous declaration bearing the same policy number for this policy term. VIGEN TSATURYAN WAWANESAINSURANCE 405 EAST FAIRVIEW AVE. UNIT 18 9050 FRIARS RD STE 101 GLENDALE CA 91207 SAN DIEGO CA 92108-5865 Telephone: 1-800-640-2920 Policy Number Account Number Policy Period 12:01 A.M. standard time at the address of the 10023940 386641-1 From May 8, 2015 to May 8, 2016 Named Insured as stated herein Vehicle Rating Information Chart Vehicle Description Annual Highest Vehicle Zip Code Second Discounts # of Traffic # of MIieage Rated Usage Highest Applied (See convictions Chargeable Driver No. Rated code for drivers at-fault of Years Driver No. definitions rated on this accidents Licensed of Years below) vehicle for drivers Licensed rated on this vehicle 2014 Lexus 7,500 10 Pleasure 91207 NIA 1, 2, 4 0 0 2014 Lexus 7,500 4 Pleasure 91207 N/A 1, 2, 4 0 0 2005 Lexus 10,000 8 Pleasure 91207 NIA 1, 2 0 0 2008 Mercedes Benz 10.000 11 Pleasure 91207 N/A 1, 2 0 0 Discount Codes: 1. Good Driver 2. Multi-Vehicle 3. Mature Driver 4. Vehicle Recovery System 5. Driver Training 6. Loyalty Applicable Forms Driver(s} Driver Name Principal Operator of Vehicle Number Occasional Operator of Vehicle Number Vigen Tsaturyan 4 2,3,5 Armik Kirakosyan 5 2,3,4 Armond Tsaturyan 2 3,4,5 Armen Tsaturyan 3 2,4,5 Additional lnterest(s) Leasing Company Vehicle 2 LEXUS FINANCIAL SERVICE PO BOX 105386 ATLANTA,GA 30348 Vehicle 3 LEXUS FINANCIAL SERVICE PO BOX 105386 ATLANTA, GA 30348 Mar 01, 201615.42 CT "Wawanesa Insurance" is a trademark of Wawanesa General Insurance Company PERSONAL AUTO AIE021 0215 THIS ENDORSEMENT CHANGES THE POLICY. PLEASE READ IT CAREFULLY. ADDITIONAL INSURED - LEASING COMPANY (PRIVATE PASSENGER AUTOMOBILE) It is agreed and understood that such coverage as is afforded by this policy for the ownership, operation, maintenance or use of the automobile(s) described on the Declarations page issued by Wawanesa Insurance shall also apply to the additional insured leasing company named on the Declarations page but only with respect to such described automobile(s) leased by the named insured from such additional insured while not in the possession, care, custody or control of such additional insured. AIE021 0215 Includes copyrighted material of Insurance Services Office, Inc., with its pennission Page 1 of1 "Wawanesa Insurance" is a registered trademark of Wawanesa General Insurance Company ~ ~..... ~ -::..::-- PERSONAL AUTO -- Insurance CALIFORNIA AVAILABLE COVERAGES & GENERAL COVERAGE DESCRIPTIONS A. Bodily Injury Liability - Mandatory Coverage This coverage protects you against loss of your home, income and life savings (financial loss) should your vehicle injure or kill anyone and you are legally liable. It also pays for related legal defense, court and investigative costs. This coverage pays up to the first limit for any one person and up to the second limit for two or more persons injured or killed. B. Property Damage Liability - Mandatory Coverage This coverage protects you against financial loss when your vehicle damages another person's property, such as their vehicle, if you are legally liable. C. Automobile Medical Payments - Optional Coverage This coverage pays, up to your selected limit, for each person injured in your vehicle, including yourself. It pays expenses for medical, dental, hospitalization and funeral expenses. It also protects you and your household relatives, should they, as pedestrians, be struck by an automobile. We cover medical expenses that are in excess over other valid insurance. D. Comprehensive - Including Fire & Theft - Optional Coverage This coverage pays for loss or damage caused to your vehicle by other than collision. This includes fire, theft, earthquake explosion, glass breakage, riot, vandalism and wind storm protection. lt pays the lesser amount of either the actual value of your vehicle or the amount of each loss, in excess of your selected deductible. E. Collision - Optional Coverage This coverage provides protection for loss or damage to your vehicle caused by upset or collision with another vehicle or object. It pays the lesser amount of either the actual value of your vehicle or the amount of each loss, In excess of your selected deductible. F. Roadside Assistance - Optional Coverage This coverage pays up to $100 for each disablement of your vehicle when using our Roadside Assistance Sign and Drive Option. Maximum reimbursement using any other licensed service provider is $50 per disablement Lockout Service is limited to $100. There Is a limft of one (1) reimbursement per disablement, and a total of four (4} Incidents per covered vehicle per policy period. F1. Rental Expense • Optional Coverage (Available on vehicles insured for Comprehensive or Collision Coverage) This coverage provides for reimbursement for a rental vehicle while your vehicle is being repaired and the cause of damage to your vehicle is covered under either Comprehensive or Collision. There are two options for coverage limits available. G. Uninsured / Underinsured Protection - Optional Coverage (Coverage will be provided unless a waiver is signed.} This coverage provides protection against the hazard of bodity injury caused by someone who has no auto liability insurance or whose bodily injury limits are lower than your chosen limit for this coverage. H. Uninsured Motorists - Property Damage - Optional Coverage (Coverage will be provided on all vehicles not insured for Collision coverage unless a waiver is signed.) This coverage is available on all vehicles not insured for Coverage E. - Collision. It provides up to $3,500 towards the lesser of either repairs to or the actual value of your vehicle for damages caused by direct physical contact with an uninsured vehicle where the driver or vehicle is identified and legally liable. I. Uninsured Motorists· Collision Deductible Waiver - Optional Coverage (Coverage will be provided on all vehicles insured for Collision coverage unless a waiver is signed.) This coverage pays your collision deductible for damages to your vehicle caused by direct physical contact with an uninsured vehicle where the driver or vehicle Is identified and legally liable. CACOV 02 15 "Wawanesa Insurance" Is a registered trademark of Wawanesa General Insurance Company Page 1 of 1 PERSONAL AUTO PAP0215 PERSONAL AUTO POLICY - CALIFORNIA AGREEMENT In return for payment of the premium and subject to all the terms of this policy, we agree with you as follows: DEFINITIONS A. Throughout this policy "you" and "your" refer to the "named insured" on the Policy Declarations; and 1. The spouse, or 2. A person who is a registered domestic partner under California law with the "named insured"; if a resident of the same household. B. "We", "us" and "our" refer to the Company providing this insurance. C. For purposes of this policy, a private passenger type auto, pickup or van shall be deemed to be owned by a person if leased: 1. Under a written agreementto that person; and 2. For a continuous period of at least 6 months. Other words and phrases are defined. They are in quotation marks when used. D. "Bodily Injury" means bodily harm, sickness or disease, including death that results. E. "Business" includes trade, profession or occupation. F. "Family member" means a person related to you by blood, marriage, registered domestic partnership under California law or adoption who is a resident of your household. This includes a ward or foster child. G. "Occupying" means in, upon, getting in, on, out or off. H. "Property Damage" means physical injury to, destruction of or loss of use of tangible property. I. 'Trailer" means a vehicle designed to be pulled by a: 1. Private passenger auto; or 2. Pickup or van. It also means a farm wagon or farm implement while towed bya vehicle listed in 1. or 2. above. J. "Your covered auto" means: 1. Any vehicle shown in the Declarations. 2. A "newly acquired auto". 3. Any "trailer" you own. 4. Any auto or "trailer" you do not own while used as a temporary substitute for any other vehicle described in this definition which is out of normal use because of its: a. Breakdown; b. Repair; c. Servicing; d. Loss; or e. Destruction. K. "Non-owned auto" means any of the following types of vehicles not owned by or furnished or available for the regular use of you or any "family member" while in the custody of or being operated by you or any "family member": 1. A private passenger auto; or 2. "Trailer"; or 3. A pickup or van, for which no other insurance policy provides coverage, that: a. Has a Gross Vehicle Weight of less than 10,000 lbs.; and b. Is not used for the delivery or transportation of goods and materials unless such use is for farming or ranching. PAP 0215 Includes copyrighted material of Insurance Services Office, Inc., with its permission Page 1 of 21 "Wawanesa Insurance" Is a registered trademark of Wawanesa General Insurance Company However, "non-owned auto" does not include any vehicle used as a temporary substitute for a vehicle you own which is out of normal use because of its: 1. Breakdown; 2. Repair; 3. Servicing; 4. Loss;or 5. Destruction. L. "Newly acquired auto": 1. "Newly acquired auto" means any of the following types of vehicles you become the owner of during the policy period: a. A private passenger auto; or b. A pickup or van, for which no other insurance policy provides coverage, that (1) Has a Gross Vehicle Weight of less than 10,000 lbs.; and (2) Is not used for the delivery or transportation of goods and materials unless such use is for farming or ranching. 2. Coverage for a "newly acquired auto" is provided as described below. If you ask us to insure a "newly acquired auto" after a specified time period described below has elapsed, any coverage we provide for a "newly acquired auto" will begin at the time you request the coverage. a. For any coverage provided in this policy except Coverage For Damage To Your Auto, a "newly acquired auto" will have the broadest coverage we now provide for any vehicle shown in the Declarations. Coverage begins on the date you become the owner. However, for this coverage to apply to a "newly acquired auto" which is in addition to any vehicle shown in the Declarations, you must ask us to insure it within 30 days after you become the owner. If a "newly acquired auto" replaces a vehicle shown in the Declarations, coverage is provided for this vehicle without you having to ask us to insure it. b. Collision Coverage for a "newly acquired auto" begins on the date you become the owner. However, for this coverage to apply, you must ask us to insure it within: (1) 30 days after you become the owner if the Declarations indicate that Collision Coverage applies to at least one auto. In this case, the "newly acquired auto" will have the broadest coverage we now provide for any auto shown in the Declarations. (2) Four days after you become the owner if the Declarations do not indicate that Collision Coverage applies to at least one auto. If you comply with the 4 day requirement and a loss occurred before you asked us to insure the "newly acquired auto", a Collision deductible of $500 will apply. c. Comprehensive Coverage for a "newly acquired auto" begins on the date you become the owner. However, for this coverage to apply, you must ask us to insure it within: (1) 30 days after you become the owner if the Declarations indicate that Comprehensive Coverage applies to at least one auto. In this case, the "newly acquired auto" will have the broadest coverage we now provide for any auto shown in the Declarations. (2) Four days after you become the owner if the Declarations do not indicate that Comprehensive Coverage applies to at least one auto. If you comply with the 4 day requirement and a loss occurred before you asked us to insure the "newly acquired auto", a Comprehensive deductible of $500 will apply. M. "Relative" means a person related to you by blood, marriage, registered domestic partnership under California law or adoption. This includes a ward orfosterchild. N. "Personal vehicle sharing" means the use of "your covered auto" by persons other than the vehicle's owner, in connection with a "personal vehicle sharing program". O. "Personal vehicle sharing program" means a legal entity qualified to do business in the State of California engaged in the business of facilitating the sharing of "your covered auto" for noncommercial use by individuals within the state. PAP 0215 Includes copyrighted material of Insurance Services Office, Inc., with Its permission Page 2of21 "Wawanesa Insurance" Is a registered trademark ofWawanesa General Insurance Company PARTI LIABILITY COVERAGE COVERAGE A- BODILY INJURY COVERAGE B -PROPERTY DAMAGE INSURING AGREEMENT A. We will pay damages for "bodily injury" or "property damage" for which any "insured" becomes legally responsible because of an auto accident. Damages include prejudgment interest awarded against the "insured". We will settle or defend, as we consider appropriate. any claim or suit asking for these damages. In addition to our limit of liability, we will pay all defense costs we incur. Our duty to settle or defend ends when our limit of liability for this coverage has been exhausted by payment of judgments or settlements. We have no duty to defend any suit or settle any claim for "bodily injury" or "property damage" not covered under this poficy. B. "Insured" as used in this Part means: 1. You or any "family member" for the ownership, maintenance or use of any auto or "trailer". 2. Any person using "your covered auto". 3. For "your covered auto". any person or organization but only with respect to legal responsibility for acts or omissions of a person for whom coverage is afforded under this Part. 4. For any auto or "trailer" other than "your covered auto", any other person or organization but only with respect to legal responsibility for acts or omissions of you or any "family member" for whom coverage is afforded under this Part. This provision (B.4.) applies only if the person or organization does not own or hire that auto or "trailer". SUPPLEMENTARY PAYMENT In addition to our limit of liability, we will pay on behalf of an "insured": 1. Up to $250 for the cost of bail bonds required because of an accident, including related traffic law violations. The accident must result in "bodily injury" or "property damage" covered under this policy. 2. Premiums on appeal bonds and bonds to release attachments in any suit we defend. 3. Interest accruing after a judgment is entered in any suit we defend. Our duty to pay interest ends when we offer to pay that part of the judgment which does not exceed our limit of liability for this coverage. 4. Up to $200 a day for loss of earnings, but not other income, because of attendance at hearings or trials at our request. 5. Other reasonable expenses incurred at our request. EXCLUSIONS A. We do not provide liability Coverage for any "insured" nor do we owe a duty to defend any"insured": 1. For "bodily injury" to you or any "family member" whenever the ultimate benefits of indemnification accrue directly or indirectly to you or any "family member". 2. Who intentionally causes "bodily injury" or "property damage". 3. for "property damage" to property owned or being transported by that "insured". 4. for "property damage" to property: a. Rented to; b. Used by; or c. In the care of; that "insured". This Exclusion (A.4.) does not apply to "property damage" to a residence or private garage. 5. for "bodily injury" to an employee of that "insured" during the course of employment. This Exclusion (A.5.) does not apply to "bodily injury" to a domestic employee unless workers' compensation benefits are required or available for that domestic employee. 6. For that "insured's" liability arising out of the ownership or operation of a vehicle while it is being used to carry persons or property for a fee. This Exclusion (A.6.) does not apply to a share-the-expense car pool. PAP 0215 Includes copyrighted material of Insurance Services Office, Inc., with Its permission Page 3of21 "Wawanesa Insurance" is a registered trademark of Wawanesa General Insurance Company 7. While employed or otherwise engaged in the "business" of: a. Selling b. Repairing c. Servicing d. Storing; or e. Parking; Vehicles designed for use mainly on public highways. This includes road testing and delivery. This Exclusion (A.7.) does not apply to the ownership, maintenance or use of "your covered auto" by: a. You; b. Any "family member"; or c. Any partner, agent, or employee of you or any "family member". 8. Maintaining or using any vehicle while that "insured" is employed or otherwise engaged in any "business" (other than farming or ranching) not described in Exclusion (A.7.). This Exclusion (A.8.) does not apply to the maintenance or use of: a. Private passenger auto; b. Pickup or van that you own; or c. "Trailer" used with a vehicle described in a. or b. above. 9. Using a vehicle without permission from the owner to do so or beyond the scope of that permission. This Exclusion (A.9.) does not apply to a "family member" using "your covered auto" which is owned by you. 10. for "bodily injury" or "property damage" for which that "insured": a. Is an insured under a nuclear energy liability policy;or b. Would be an insured under a nuclear energy liability policy but for its termination upon exhaustion of its limits of liability. A nuclear energy liability is a policy issued by any of the following ortheirsuccessors: a. Nuclear Energy Liability Insurance Association; b. Mutual Atomic Energy Liability Underwriters; or c. Nuclear Insurance Association of Canada. 11. for any liability assumed by any "insured" under a contract or agreement outside the terms of this policy. B. We do not provide Liability Coverage nor a duty to defend for the ownership, maintenance or use of: 1. Any vehicle which: a. Has fewer than four wheels; or b. Is designed mainly for use off public roads. This Exclusion (B.1.) does not apply to any "trailer". 2. Any vehicle, other than "your covered auto", which is: a. Owned byyou;or b. Furnished or available for your regular use. 3. Any vehicle, other than "your covered auto", which is: a. Owned by any "family member"; or b. Furnished or available for the regular use of any ''family member''. However, this Exclusion (B.3.) does not apply to you while you are maintaining or "occupying" any vehicle which is: a. Owned by a "family member''; or b. Furnished or available for the regular use of a "family member". 4. Any vehicle, while used for the purpose of: a. Competing in; or b. Practicing or preparing for; any prearranged or organized racing, speed, demolition contest or stunting activity. 5. Any vehicle, while used for the purpose of wholesale or retail delivery. PAP 0215 Includes copyrighted material of Insurance Services Office, Inc., with Its permission Page 4of 21 "Wawanesa Insurance" is a registered trademark ofWawanesa General Insurance Company 6. "Your covered auto" while: a. Enrolled in a "personal vehicle sharing program" under the terms of a written agreement; and b. Being used in connection with such "personal vehicle sharing program" by anyone other than you or any "family member". LIMIT OF LIABILITY A. The limit of liability shown in the Declarations for each person for Bodily Injury Liability is our maximum limit of liability for all damages, including but not limited to damages for care, loss of consortium, loss of services, loss of companionship, loss of society and loss by death, arising out of "bodily injury" sustained by any one person in any one auto accident. Subject to this limit for each person, the limit of liability shown in the Declarations for each accident for Bodily Injury Liability is our maximum limit of liability for all damages for "bodily injury" resulting from any one auto accident. The limit of liability shown in the Declarations for each accident for Property Damage Liability is our maximum limit of liability for all "property damage" resulting from any one auto accident. This is the most we will pay regardless of the number of: 1. "lnsured's"; 2. Claims made; 3. Vehicles or premiums shown in the Declarations; 4. Vehicles involved in the auto accident; 5. Lawsuits brought; or 6. Vehicles insured. B. Any amounts paid or payable under this coverage shall be reduced by any amounts paid for the same expenses and/or damages under Part II or Part V of this policy. , C. Permissive Driver Limitation. We will provide liability coverage under this section for an insured, other than you, a "family member" or a "relative", up to but not exceeding the limits of the Financial Responsibility Law of the State of California, which are as follows: 1. Fifteen thousand dollars ($15,000) for "bodily injury" to, or death of each person as a result of any one accident; and 2. Subject to the limit as to each person (refer to C.1.) the amount of thirty thousand dollars ($30,000) for "bodily injury" to, or death of all persons as a result of any one accident; and 3. The amount of five thousand dollars ($5,000) for damage to property of others as a result of any one accident. Note: If the limits of the Financial Responsibility Law of the State of California change, this policy section (Section C.) will automatically c