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  • ROBERT ROSS et al VS. C.C. MOORE & CO. ENGINEERS ASBESTOS document preview
  • ROBERT ROSS et al VS. C.C. MOORE & CO. ENGINEERS ASBESTOS document preview
  • ROBERT ROSS et al VS. C.C. MOORE & CO. ENGINEERS ASBESTOS document preview
  • ROBERT ROSS et al VS. C.C. MOORE & CO. ENGINEERS ASBESTOS document preview
  • ROBERT ROSS et al VS. C.C. MOORE & CO. ENGINEERS ASBESTOS document preview
  • ROBERT ROSS et al VS. C.C. MOORE & CO. ENGINEERS ASBESTOS document preview
  • ROBERT ROSS et al VS. C.C. MOORE & CO. ENGINEERS ASBESTOS document preview
  • ROBERT ROSS et al VS. C.C. MOORE & CO. ENGINEERS ASBESTOS document preview
						
                                

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BRAYTON*PURCELL LLP ATTORNEYS AT LAW 222 RUSH LANDING ROAD PO BOX 6169 NOVATO, CALIFORNEA 94948-6169 4415) 808-1585 oem NY KD A BY 10 ALAN R. BRAYTON, ESQ., 8.B. #73685 DAVID R. DONADIO, ESQ., 8.B. #154436 OREN P. NOAH, ESQ., S.B. #136310 ELECTRONICALLY ASHLEY J, BENSON, ESQ., S.B. #276326 BRAYTON¢PURCELL LLP FILED. Superior Court of California, Attorneys at Law County of San Francisco 222 Rush Landing Road P.O. Box 6169 APR 25 2013 Novato, California 94948-6169 Clerk of the Court (415) 898-1555 BY: ALISON AGBAY Tentative Ruling Contest Email: contestasbestosTR@braytonlaw.com Deputy Clerk Attorneys for Plaintiffs SUPERIOR COURT OF CALIFORNIA COUNTY OF SAN FRANCISCO ASBESTOS No. CGC-10-275731 ROBERT ROSS and JEAN ROSS, Plaintiffs, PLAINTIFFS' RESPONSE TO DEFENDANT CRITCHFIELD MECHANICAL, INC.’S SEPARATE STATEMENT OF UNDISPUTED FACTS vs. C.C. MOORE & CO. ENGINEERS; Defendants as Reflected on Exhibit | attached to the Summary Complaint herein; and DOES 1-8500. eee Date: May 9, 2013 Time: 9:30 a.m. Dept: 503, Hon. Teri L. Jackson Trial Date: June 10, 2013 Action Filed: December 17, 2010 Plaintiffs hereby submit the following responses to defendant CRITCHFIELD MECHANICAL, INC.’s Separate Statement of Undisputed Facts in Support of Motion for Summary Judgment or, in the Alternative, Summary Adjudication, with reference to plaintiffs’ supporting evidence disputing such statements. UNDISPUTED MATERIAL FACTS AND ALLEGED SUPPORTING EVIDENCE PLAINTIFFS' RESPONSE/EVIDENCE CRITCHFILED IS ENTITLED TO SUMMARY JUDGMENT BECAUSE THERE IS NO EVIDENCE TO SUPPORT PLAINTIFFS’ CAUSES OF ACTION AGAINST CRITCHFIELD 1. On May 11, 2012, plaintiffs Robert Ross 1. Undisputed. and Jean Ross filed a Third Amended Complaint for Personal Injury and Loss of Consortium — Asbestos. Plaintiffs sued KSinjure 9349) eoss-CRIMIEC ans a. 1 AB PLAINTIFFS! RESPONSE TO DEFENDANT CRITCUPIELD MECHANICAL, INC.'S SEPARATE STATEMENT OF UNDISPUTED FACTCo em YW KD hw BR YY 10 Critchfield for negligence, strict liability, premises/contractor liability, and loss of consortium and allege is liable for Mr. Ross’s purportedly asbestos-related colon cancer, fi Third Amended Complaint for Personal Injury and Loss of Consortium — Asbestos (Sullivan Declaration, Exhibit A]. 2, Robert Ross worked as an asbestos worker from 1959 through the 1990s. iif Third Amended Complaint for Personal injury and Loss of Consortium — Asbestos, 26:1-45:17. 3. Throughout his career as an asbestos worker, Mr. Ross was a member of International. Association of Heat & Frost Insulators and Asbestos Workers Union ("Asbestos Workers Union") Local 16. fil Third Amended Complaint for Personal Injury and Loss of Consortium - Asbestos, 26:1-45:17; Defendants’ Standard Kehinjured O34 pls CRIMEC ans a. wpe 2 2. Undisputed, but irrelevant. This fact has no tendency in reason to prove he bad a sophistication at any time. Defendant has produced no evidence that working as an asbestos worker from 1959 until the 1990s provided specific knowledge and training with respect to the hazards of asbestos nor that Mr. Ross was required to pass any exams exhibiting his knowledge regarding the same. Additionally, this alleged “fact” does not dispute the fact that plaintiff was exposed to asbestos for which defendant is liable. Nor does not equate to the level of knowledge in taking of required EPA certified exams regarding and/or reading MSDS sheets as the plaintiff had in Johnson yv, American Standard. Additionally, it is irrelevant in that there is no showing that the defendant knew at the time of exposure that plaintiff was a membe: of an asbestos union and/or relied on that fact. Finally, it is irrelevant in that even if there was no duty to warn plaintiff of the dangers of asbestos, defendant remains liable for its own negligence in causing plaintiffs exposure to asbestos. 3. Undisputed, but irrelevant. Mr. Ross’s membership in a union has no tendancy in reason to prove he had a sophistication at any time. Defendant has produced no evidence that joining the Local 16 provided specific knowledge and training with respect to the hazards of asbestos nor that Mr. Ross was required to pass any exams exhibiting his knowledge regarding the same. AIB PLAIN TIFFS! RESPONSE TO DEFENDANT CRITCHFIELD MECHANICAL, INC."S SEPARATE STATEMENT OF UNDISPUTED. PACTSCo em YW KD hw BR YY 10 interrogatories to Plaintiff (Personal Injury), Set 1, 15:10-15 [Sullivan Declaration, Exhibit B]; Answers to Interrogatories, 105:18 [Sullivan Declaration, Exhibit C]. 4. To avoid breathing asbestos, Mr. Ross “constantly wore a mask all through my career." fil Deposition of Robert Ross (SFSC No. 274099), 300:16-301:17 [Sullivan Declaration, Exhibit DJ. ‘glvsss-CRIMEC rsh sa. yepd Additionally, this alleged “fact” does not dispute the fact that plaintiff was exposed to asbestos for which defendant is liable. Nor does not equate to the level of knowledge in taking of required EPA certified exams regarding and/or reading MSDS sheets as the plaintiff had in Johnson v. American Standard. Additionally, it is irrelevant in that there is no showing that the defendant knew at the time of exposure that plaintiff was a member of an asbestos union and/or relied on that fact. Finally, it is irrelevant in that even if there was no duty to warn plaintiff of the dangers of asbestos, defendant remains liable for its own negligence in causing plaintiffs exposure fo asbestos. 4. Disputed as misleading and an incomplete recitation of facts. This fact has no tendency in reason to demonstrate that Mr, Ross had a sophistication at any time. Defendant has failed to produce any evidence Mr. Ross wore said mask because he had a sophistication and the time and was afraid of the hazards of asbestos. Mr. Ross testified he did not wear a mask in the beginning of his career. Deposition of Robert Ross (SFSC No. 274099), 176:12-17 [Declaration of Ashley J. Benson (“Benson Decl.”), Exhibit 1]. Additionally, Mr. Ross further testified he wore a mask because “asbestos and fiberglass made [him] cough”. Deposition of Robert Ross (SFSC No. 274099), 301:15-17 [Benson Decl., Exhibit 1. Further, there is no showing of whether any mask worn by plaintiff was designed to be o: was protective of airborne asbestos fibers, that it was worn in such a way as to prevent exposure to asbestos fibers, that it was worn in conjunction with protective clothing and wash down procedures necessary to prevent exposure to asbestos fibers which would otherwise land on plaintiff's clothing, skin and hair and cause exposures when an otherwise effective mask was removed. ALB, " RESPONSE TO DEFENDANT CRITCHFIELD MECHANICAL, INC.’S SEPARATE STATEMENT OF UNDISPUTED.Co em YW KD hw BR YY 10 5. In his response to standard interrogatories, Mr. Ross states he learned exposure to asbestos was a potential health hazard during approximately the 1960s. Aff Defendants’ Standard Interrogatories to Plaintiff (Personal Injury), Set 1, 15:16; Answers to Interrogatories, 105:18; but see, e.g. Deposition of Robert Ross (SFSC No. 274099), 1795:5-1796:2. 6. Mr. Ross claims by 1967 he could identify asbestos-containing fireproofing and thermal insulation products. iif Deposition of Robert Ross (SFSC No. 274099), 1479:3-18, 1505:3-1506:9, 1651:16-20,1653:17-1654:10, 1805:15-23; Deposition of Robert Ross (SFSC No. 275731), 743:2-5, 744:8-748:1, ‘glvsss-CRIMEC rsh sa. yepd 5. Undisputed but irrelevant. Mr. Ross’s knowledge that asbestos exposure was a “potential health hazard,” has ne tendency in} reason to demonstrate that Mr. Ross had a sophistication at any time regarding asbestos and that such sophistication absolves defendant from its duty to Mr. Ross. Additionally, this alleged “fact” does not dispute the fact that plaintiff was exposed to asbestos for which defendant is liable. Nor does it have any bearing on plaintiff's own knowledge of the hazards of asbestos or of asbestos content of materials to which he was exposed by defendant. Nor does not equate to the level of knowledge in taking of| required EPA certified exams regarding and/or reading MSDS sheets as the plaintiff had in Johnson v. American Standard. itis also irrelevant in that defendant cannot show that plaintiff was an “expected” user of the asbestos-containing materials disturbed by defendant, as was Mr. Johnson. it is further irrelevant in that there can be no showing that even if plaintiff knew or should have known about the hazards of asbestos, that he were required to and knew or should have known to take precautions from the dangers of asbestos in products other than insulation. Additionally, it is irrelevant in that there is no showing that the defendant knew at the time of exposure that plaintiff was a membe: of an asbestos union and/or relied on that fact. Finally, it is irrelevant in that even if there was no duty to warn plaintiff of the dangers of asbestos, defendant remains liable for its own negligence in causing plaintiffs exposure to asbestos. 6. Undisputed. ALB, " RESPONSE TO DEFENDANT CRITCHFIELD MECHANICAL, INC.’S SEPARATE STATEMENT OF UNDISPUTED.Co em YW KD hw BR YY 10 754:16-756:11 [Sullivan Declaration, Exhibit D]. 7. By 1979, Mr. Ross "knew that the asbestos was bad for you and it was killing people." Ati Deposition of Robert Ross (SFSC No. 274099), 3026:23-3027:1, 3030:12-16. 8. Plaintiffs contend Critchfield exposed Mr. Ross to asbestos at three sites: an IBM site in San Jose, the Westin St. Francis otel, and Napa Junior College. ‘ft Deposition of Robert Ross (SFSC No. 275731), 188:16-189:25, 2186:7-2187:13; Critchfield Mechanical, Inc.'s Special interrogatories to Plaintiffs, Set One,4:13-15 Sullivan Declaration, Exhibit F]; Plaintiffs' Response to Defendant Critchfield Mechanical, Inc.'s Special Interrogatories, Set One, 2:3-3:10 [Sullivan Declaration, Exhibit H]; Critchfield Mechanical, Inc.'s Special Interrogatories to Plaintiffs, Set Two,1:24-25 [Sullivan Declaration, Exhibit J]; Plaintiffs’ Response to Defendant Critchfield Mechanical, Inc.'s Special Interrogatories, Set Two, 3:4-4:2 [Sullivan Declaration, Exhibit N]. 9. Mr. Ross testified he worked around Critchfield employees during a new construction and remodel project at an unidentified building on the campus of an IBM facility in San Jose during the late 1960s or early 1970s. iif Deposition of Robert Ross (SFSC No. 275731), 195:22-197:11, 209:8-14. 10. During the IBM project, Mr. Ross insulated pipes with fiberglass and asbestos mud. ‘glvsss-CRIMEC rsh sa. yepd 7, Undisputed but irrelevant, Mr. Ross’s knowledge that asbestos “was bad for you and it was killing people”, has no tendency in reason to demonstrate that Mr. Ross had aj sophistication at any time regarding asbestos and that such sophistication absolves defendant from its duty to Mr. Ross. Additionally, 1979 is after numerous other occasions where Critchfield employees exposed plaintiff to asbestos. The exposures by Critchfield began in the 1960s/early 1970s. [See defendant’s Separate Statement of Undisputed Facts No. 9 below] 8, Undisputed. Additionally, the IBM site in San Jose, the Westin St. Francis Hotel, and Napa Junior College exposures were in or prior to 1979. [See defendant’s Separate Statement of Undisputed Facts Nos. 10, 12, and 21 below] 9. Undisputed. 10. Undisputed, but irrelevant. This fact has no tendency in reason to prove plaintiff was not exposed to asbestos from Critchfield ALB, " RESPONSE TO DEFENDANT CRITCHFIELD MECHANICAL, INC.’S SEPARATE STATEMENT OF UNDISPUTED.Co em YW KD hw BR YY 10 fi Deposition of Robert Ross (SFSC No. 275731), 199:1-4, 201:16-202:9, 11. At IBM, Mr. Ross observed plumbers and sheet metal workers employed by Critchfield disturb existing fireproofing when they installed pipes and air ducts. Vii Deposition of Robert Ross (SFSC No. 275731), 197:23-198:3, 202:10-203:23, 207:1-17, 211:11-22, 216:13-17. 12. Mr. Ross testified he worked around Critchfield employees during a remodel project at the Westin St. Francis hotel between 1973 and 1976. iif position of Robert Ross (SFSC No. 275731), 228:8-229:9, 230:3-16, 13. Mr. Ross disturbed existing fireproofing when he insulated ducts at the Westin St. Francis Hotel. Hf eposition of Robert Ross (SFSC No. 275731), 230:23-232:14, 4. Mr. Ross observed Critchfield employees disturb existing fireproofing, remove pipe insulation, and install Duro Dyne duct connectors at the Westin St. Francis hotel. hid Deposition of Robert Ross (SFSC No. 275731), 229:25-230:2, 232:15-233:12, 234:5-237:18. 15. The Critchfield employees who removed pipe insulation at the Westin St. Francis hotel performed this work in the same manner as Mr. Ross when he removed similar pipe insulation. ‘il Deposition of Robert Ross (SFSC No. ‘glvsss-CRIMEC rsh sa. yepd 6 employees handling and disturbing asbestos- containing materials. 11. Undisputed. 12. Undisputed. 13. Undisputed, but irrelevant. This fact has no tendency in reason to prove Mr. Ross was| not exposed to asbestos from Critchfield employees disturbing and handling asbestos- containing materials. 14. Undisputed. 15. Disputed as misleading and incomplete recitation of the facts. This fact has no tendency in reason to demonstrate that Mr. Ross had a sophistication at any time. Plaintiff testified that Critchfield removed insulation in a “similar manner” as he did, he did not say it was the same. [Deposition of Robert Ross (SFSC No. ALB, " RESPONSE TO DEFENDANT CRITCHFIELD MECHANICAL, INC.’S SEPARATE STATEMENT OF UNDISPUTED.Co em YW KD hw BR YY 10 275731), 237:1-8. 16. Mr. Ross testified he worked around plumbers employed by Critchfield during a new construction and remodel project at an unidentified building on the Napa Junior College campus in 1979, ‘id Deposition of Robert Ross (SFSC No. 275731), 216:18-218:23, 219:11-20, 220:7-11. 17. Mr. Ross disturbed existing fireproofing when he insulated pipes at Napa Junior College. ‘fi Deposition of Robert Ross (SFSC No. 275731), 220:18-25, 222:6-15. 18. Mr. Ross observed plumbers employed by Critchfield disturb existing fireproofing when they installed pipes at Napa Junior College. fii Deposition of Robert Ross (SFSC No. 275731), 223:2-7, 224:8-225:17. 19. Arthur Klimack started working as an asbestos worker in 1948 and joined the Asbestos Workers Union during the early 1950s. fff Deposition of Arthur R. Klimack (In Re: Complex Asbestos Litigation), $24:23-525:10, 701:17-703:1 [Sullivan Declaration, Exhibit R]. 275731), 237:1-8.] Further, this fact has no tendency in reason to prove plaintiff was not exposed to asbestos from Critchfield employees handling and disturbing asbestos-containing materials. 16. Undisputed. 17. Undisputed, but irrelevant. This fact has no tendency in reason to prove plaintiff was not exposed to asbestos from Critchfield employees handling and disturbing asbestos- containing materials. 18. Undisputed. 19, Undisputed, but irrelevant. The evidence offered is inadmissible. See plaintiffs’ evidentiary objections filed concurrently herewith. Additionally, this alleged “fact” does not dispute the fact that Mr. Ross was exposed to asbestos for which defendant is liable. Nor does it have any bearing on Mr. Ross'’s own knowledge of the hazards of asbestos or| of asbestos content of materials to which he was exposed by defendant. In no way does it show what the purported “knowledge” of Mr. Klimack was attributed or transmitted to the Mr. Ross. Me K lojoredh £9340 plies CRIMEC amet wd 7 ALB, PLAIN " RESPONSE TO DEFENDANT CRITCHFIELD MECHANICAL, INC.’S SEPARATE STATEMENT OF UNDISPUTED.Co em YW KD hw BR YY 10 20. Between the early 1950s and 1962, Mr. Kulimack regularly attended Local 16's monthly general membership meeting. ‘if Deposition of Arthur R. Klimack (In Re: Complex Asbestos Litigation), 575:13-576:10, 605:22-607:2, 659:5-12, 7OL:17-703:4, 705:3-7, 706:12-22. 21, After Mr. Klimack joined the Asbestos Workers Union, the Asbestos Workers Union consistently sent him its publication The Asbestos Worker. ‘il Deposition of Arthur R. Klimack (In Re: Complex Asbestos Litigation), 580:17-581:5. 22. Between approximately 1954 and 1957, Arthur Klimack was a member the Executive Board of Local 16. ‘glvsss-CRIMEC rsh sa. yepd 8 Finally, it is irrelevant in that even if there was no duty to warn Mr. Ross of the dangers of asbestos, defendant remains liable for its own negligence in causing Mr. Ross’s exposure to asbestos and subsequent asbestos-related injuries. 20. Undisputed, but irrelevant. The evidence offered is inadmissible. See plaintiffs’ evidentiary objections filed concurrently herewith. Additionally, this alleged “fact” does not dispute the fact that Mr. Ross was exposed to asbestos for which defendant is liable. Nor does it have any bearing on Mr. Ross'’s own knowledge of the hazards of asbestos or| of asbestos content of materials to which he was exposed by defendant. In no way does it show what the purported “knowledge” of Mr. Klimack was attributed or transmitted to} the Mr. Ross. Finally, it is irrelevant in that even if there was no duty to warn Mr. Ross of the dangers of asbestos, defendant remains liable for its own negligence in causing Mr. Ross’s exposure to asbestos and subsequent asbestos-related injuries. 21, Undisputed, but irrelevant. The evidence offered is inadmissible. See plaintiffs’ evidentiary objections filed concurrently herewith. Additionally, this alleged “fact” does not dispute the fact that Mr. Ross was exposed to asbestos for which defendant is liable. Nor does it have any bearing on Mr. Ross's own knowledge of the hazards of asbestos or| of asbestos content of materials to which he was exposed by defendant. In no way docs it show what the purported “knowledge” of Mr. Klimack was attributed or transmitted to the Mr. Ross. Finally, it is irrelevant in that even if there was no duty to warn Mr. Ross of the dangers of asbestos, defendant remains liable for its own negligence in causing Mr. Ross’s exposure to asbestos and subsequent asbestos-related injuries. 22. Undisputed, but irrelevant. The evidence offered is inadmissible. See plaintiffs’ evidentiary objections filed ALB, " RESPONSE TO DEFENDANT CRITCHFIELD MECHANICAL, INC.’S SEPARATE STATEMENT OF UNDISPUTED.Co em YW KD hw BR YY 10 ft Deposition of Arthur R. Klimack (In Re: Complex Asbestos Litigation), 703:12-15, 23. Mr. Klimack attended Local 16's monthly Executive Board meeting approximately from 1954 through 1961. ‘ti Deposition of Arthur R. Klimack (In Re: Complex Asbestos Litigation), 607: 12-608:11, 703:12-19. 24. During the late 1950s, Mr. Klimack served on Local 16's Apprentice Committee, whose duties included apprentice training. fil Deposition of Arthur R. Klimack (In Re: Complex Asbestos Litigation), 704:12-17. ‘glvsss-CRIMEC rsh sa. yepd 9 concurrently herewith. Additionally, this alleged “fact” does not dispute the fact that Mr. Ross was exposed to asbestos for which defendant is liable. Nor does it have any bearing on Mr. Ross'’s own knowledge of the hazards of asbestos or| of asbestos content of materials to which he was exposed by defendant. In no way docs it show what the purported “knowledge” of Mr. Klimack was attributed or transmitted to the Mr. Ross. Finally, it is irrelevant in that even if there was no duty to warn Mr. Ross of the dangers of asbestos, defendant remains liable for its own negligence in causing Mr. Ross’s exposure to asbestos and subsequent asbestos-related injuries. 23. Undisputed, but irrelevant. The evidence offered is inadmissible. See plaintiffs’ evidentiary objections filed concurrently herewith. Additionally, this alleged “fact” does not dispute the fact that Mr. Ross was exposed to asbestos for which defendant is liable. Nor does it have any bearing on Mr. Ross’’s own knowledge of the hazards of asbestos or| of asbestos content of materials to which he was exposed by defendant. In no way does it show what the purported “knowledge” of Mr. Klimack was attributed or transmitted to the Mr. Ross. Finally, it is irrelevant in that even if there was no duty to warn Mr. Ross of the dangers of asbestos, defendant remains liable for its own negligence in causing Mr. Ross’s exposure to asbestos and subsequent asbestos-related injuries. 24. Undisputed, but irrelevant. The evidence offered is inadmissible. See plaintiffs’ evidentiary objections filed concurrently herewith. Additionally, this alleged “fact” does not dispute the fact that Mr. Ross was exposed to asbestos for which defendant is liable. Nor does it have any bearing on Mr, Ross"’s own knowledge of the hazards of asbestos or| of asbestos content of materials to which he was exposed by defendant. In no way does it show what the purported “knowledge” of ALB, " RESPONSE TO DEFENDANT CRITCHFIELD MECHANICAL, INC.’S SEPARATE STATEMENT OF UNDISPUTED.Co em YW KD hw BR YY 10 Mr. Klimack was attributed or transmitted to the Mr. Ross. Finally, it is irrelevant in that even if there was no duty to warn Mr. Ross of the dangers of asbestos, defendant remains liable for its own negligence in causing Mr. Ross’s exposure to asbestos and subsequent asbestos-related injuries. 25. During 1960 and 1961, Mr. Klimack 25. Undisputed, but irrelevant. The worked as a Business Agent for Local 16. evidence offered is inadmissible. See plaintiffs’ evidentiary objections filed fit concurrently herewith. Deposition of Arthur R. Klimack (In Re: Additionally, this alleged “fact” does not Complex Asbestos Litigation), 240:16-19. dispute the fact that Mr. Ross was exposed to asbestos for which defendant is liable. Nor does it have any bearing on Mr, Ross'’s own knowledge of the hazards of asbestos or| of asbestos content of materials to which he was exposed by defendant. In no way does it show what the purported “knowledge” of Mr. Klimack was attributed or transmitted to the Mr. Ross. Finally, it is irrelevant in that even if there was no duty to warn Mr. Ross of the dangers of asbestos, defendant remains liable for its own negligence in causing Mr. Ross’s exposure to asbestos and subsequent asbestos-related injuries. 26. Mr. Klimack served as Local 16's 26. Undisputed, but irrelevant. The apprentice coordinator between 1972 and evidence offered is inadmissible. See 1975. plaintiffs’ evidentiary objections filed concurrently herewith. Vii Additionally, this alleged “fact” does not Deposition of Arthur R. Klimack (In Re: dispute the fact that Mr. Ross was exposed Complex Asbestos Litigation), to asbestos for which defendant is liable. 605:22-607:5, 705:7-706:5; Deposition of Nor does it have any bearing on Mr. Ross's Arthur Klimack (2006), 32:1-4 [Sullivan own knowledge of the hazards of asbestos or Declaration, Exhibit S]. of asbestos content of materials to which he was exposed by defendant. In no way does it show what the purported “knowledge” of Mr. Klimack was attributed or transmitted to the Mr. Ross. Finally, it is irrelevant in that even if there was no duty to warn Mr. Ross of the dangers of asbestos, defendant remains liable for its own negligence in causing Mr. Ross’s exposure to asbestos and subsequent asbestos-related injuries. igligs CRIMEC asia vend, 10 ALB, " RESPONSE TO DEFENDANT CRITCHFIELD MECHANICAL, INC.’S SEPARATE STATEMENT OF UNDISPUTED.Co em YW KD hw BR YY 10 27, By late 1956, Local 16 was concerned the respiratory illnesses its members developed, including lung cancer, were related to exposure to asbestos dust. fff Deposition of Arthur R. Klimack (In Re: Complex Asbestos Litigation), 716:9-717:2. 28. Mr. Klimack represented Local 16 at The Asbestos Workers Union's Western States Conference in Oakland on February 9, 1957, ‘id Deposition of Arthur R. Klimack (In Re: Complex Asbestos Litigation), 611:9-25, 612:16-614:5, 703:20-704:4. 29. Local 16 reported the unusually high number of member deaths during the previous year at the Western States Conference on February 9, 1957 because Local 16 suspected member deaths which had been attributed to lung cancer were caused by exposure to asbestos. 27. Disputed. The evidence offered is inadmissible. See plaintiffs’ evidentiary objections filed concurrently herewith. Additionally, this alleged “fact” does not dispute the fact that Mr. Ross was exposed to asbestos for which defendant is liable. Nor does it have any bearing on Mr. Ross'’s own knowledge of the hazards of asbestos or| of asbestos content of materials to which he was exposed by defendant. In no way does it show what the purported “knowledge” of the Local 16 was attributed or transmitted to the Mr. Ross. Finally, it is irrelevant in that even if there was no duty to warn Mr. Ross of the dangers of asbestos, defendant remains liable for its own negligence in causing Mr. Ross’s exposure to asbestos and subsequent asbestos-related injuries. 28. Undisputed, but irrelevant. The evidence offered is inadmissible. See plaintiffs’ evidentiary objections filed concurrently herewith. Additionally, this alleged “fact” does not dispute the fact that Mr. Ross was exposed to asbestos for which defendant is liable. Nor does it have any bearing on Mr. Ross"’s own knowledge of the hazards of asbestos or| of asbestos content of materials to which he was exposed by defendant. In no way does it show what the purported “knowledge” of Mr. Klimack was attributed or transmitted to the Mr. Ross. Finally, it is irrelevant in that even if there was no duty to warn Mr. Ross of the dangers of asbestos, defendant remains liable for its own negligence in causing Mr. Ross’s exposure to asbestos and subsequent asbestos-related injuries. 29. Disputed. The evidence offered is inadmissible. See plaintiffs’ evidentiary objections filed concurrently herewith. Additionally, this alleged “fact” does not dispute the fact that Mr. Ross was exposed to asbestos for which defendant is liable. Nor does it have any bearing on Mr. Ross's own knowledge of the hazards of asbestos or| Vil of asbestos content of materials to which he was exposed by defendant. In no way does Me K lojoredh £9340 plies CRIMEC amet wd Ul ALB, PLAINTIPPS' RESPONSE TO DEFENDANT CRITCHFIELD MECHANICAL, INC-S SEPARATE STATEMENT OF UNDISPUTEDCo em YW KD hw BR YY 10 Deposition of Arthur R. Klimack (In Re: Complex Asbestos Litigation), 617:14-620:14, 624:16-625:25, 717:3-718:5. 30. The April 1957 issue of The Asbestos Worker summarizes Local 16's report to the Western States Conference and the International's response:"The problems of Asbestosis and Silicosis were discussed at arge [at the regular annual meeting of the Western States Conference of February 9, 975], stemming from the report of Local No. 16, in which it was revealed that eleven members passed away last year. A large number oF the men had definite symptoms of the aforementioned hazards of our trade. Most of the locals in attendance spoke on this vital subject, President Sickles speaking from and International point of view, said the Internationa! in compiling facts and figures on this matter . . .At this time a motion was made, seconded and passed that ¢ International continue to investigate the causes of Asbestosis and allied lung ailments caused by fiberous materials, and to determine what measures can be found to combat and prevent these diseases.” hid The Asbestos Worker, April 1957, p. 21 (Sullivan Declaration, Exhibit T]. 31. Mr. Klimack represented Local 16 at the 19th General Convention of the International Association in New Orleans in September 1957, ft Deposition of Arthur R. Klimack (In Re: Complex Asbestos Litigation), 633:9-634:6, 704:5-11, 718:6-13. it show what the purported “knowledge” of the Local 16 was attributed or transmitted to the Mr. Ross. Finally, it is irrelevant in that even if there was no duty to warn Mr. Ross of the dangers of asbestos, defendant remains liable for its own negligence in causing Mr. Ross’s exposure to asbestos and subsequent asbestos-related injuries. 30. Disputed. The evidence offered is inadmissible. See plaintiffs’ evidentiary objections filed concurrently herewith. Additionally, this alleged “fact” does not dispute the fact that Mr. Ross was exposed to asbestos for which defendant is liable. Nor does it have any bearing on Mr. Ross"’s own knowledge of the hazards of asbestos or| of asbestos content of materials to which he was exposed by defendant. In no way does it show what the purported “knowledge” of the Local 16 was attributed or transmitted to the Mr. Ross. Further, there is no evidence of what was “discussed” and there is no mention of any recommendations, warnings or preventative actions to be taken. Finally, it is irrelevant in that even if there was no duty to warn Mr. Ross of the dangers of asbestos, defendant remains liable for its own negligence in causing Mr. Ross’s exposure to asbestos and subsequent asbestos-related injurics. 31. Undisputed, but irrelevant. The evidence offered is inadmissible. See plaintiffs’ evidentiary objections filed concurrently herewith. Additionally, this alleged “fact” does not dispute the fact that Mr. Ross was exposed to asbestos for which defendant is liable. Nor does it have any bearing on Mr. Ross'’s own knowledge of the hazards of asbestos or| of asbestos content of materials to which he was exposed by defendant. In no way does it show what the purported “knowledge” of the Local 16 or Mr. Klimack was attributed or transmitted to the Mr. Ross. dif Kluge 934 pling CRIMEC msi sa end AIB PLAIN " RESPONSE TO DEFENDANT CRITCHFIELD MECHANICAL, INC.’S SEPARATE STATEMENT OF UNDISPUTED.Co em YW KD hw BR YY 10 32. At the conference, Mr. Klimack. concluded the representatives from Local 16 and the Western States Conference who attended the 19th General Convention were more concerned about the hazards of asbestos than the representatives of the International. iif Deposition of Arthur R. Klimack (In Re: Complex Asbestos Litigation), 633:9-637:2, 718:6-21, 722:13-724:1. 33. The October 1957 issue of The Asbestos Worker reports at the convention President Sickles sought the authority to study the hazards posed by asbestos:"Being well aware of the health hazards in the Asbestos industry, President Sickles requested authority for the General Executive Board to make a study of the health hazards..." Aff The Asbestos Worker, October 1957, p. 18 [Sullivan Declaration, Exhibit U]. ‘glvsss-CRIMEC rsh sa. yepd 13 Finally, it is irrelevant in that even if there was no duty to warn Mr. Ross of the dangers of asbestos, defendant remains liable for its own negligence in causing Mr. Ross’s exposure to asbestos and subsequent asbestos-related injuries. 32. Disputed. The evidence offered is inadmissible. See plaintiffs' evidentiary objections filed concurrently herewith. Additionally, this alleged “fact” does not dispute the fact that Mr. Ross was exposed to asbestos for which defendant is liable. Nor does it have any bearing on Mr. Ross's own knowledge of the hazards of asbestos or| of asbestos content of materials to which he was exposed by defendant. In no way does it show what the purported “knowledge” of the Local 16 or Mr. Klimack was attributed or transmitted to the Mr. Ross. Finally, it is irrelevant in that even if there was no duty to warn Mr. Ross of the dangers of asbestos, defendant remains liable for its own negligence in causing Mr. Ross’s exposure to asbestos and subsequent asbestos-related injuries. 33. Disputed. The evidence offered is inadmissible. See plaintiffs’ evidentiary objections filed concurrently herewith. Additionally, this alleged “fact” does not dispute the fact that Mr. Ross was exposed to asbestos for which defendant is liable. Nor does it have any bearing on Mr. Ross'’s own knowledge of the hazards of asbestos or of asbestos content of materials to which he was exposed by defendant. In no way does it show what the purported “knowledge” of the Local 16 or Mr. Sickles was attributed or transmitted to the Mr. Ross. Further, even if taken at “face value,” Mr. Sickles could not have been “well aware of the health hazards” if he felt the need to spend union funds to study the “health hazards.” Further, there is no evidence of what “health hazards” Mr. Sickles was “well aware of” and what “health hazards” were to be the subject of the study. Further, there is no evidence that defendant knew or had any reason to know that Mr. Ross had or should have had any knowledge of the “health hazards” (by any definition) o ALB, " RESPONSE TO DEFENDANT CRITCHFIELD MECHANICAL, INC.’S SEPARATE STATEMENT OF UNDISPUTED.Co em YW KD hw BR YY 10 34. By the late 1950s, Local 16 had implemented a screenmg program to identify respiratory illnesses and modified the program after Local 20 reported on its use of vital capacity tests and the results of those tests. fit Deposition of Arthur R. Klimack (In Re: Complex Asbestos Litigation), 640:25-644:4, 729:20-730:25. 35. The April 1958 issue of The Ashestos Worker reports the results of Local 20's respiratory monitoring program were discussed at the Western States Conference:"The health hazards of the trade were discussed and Local No. 16 presented its case relative to the vital ‘capacity test’ given through its health and welfare program. This ‘vital capacity tests’ was troduced by Brother Ay of Local 20 two years ago at our meeting in Seattle. The results are very startling and should be the concern of each member of our trade." ‘it The Asbestos Worker, April 1958, p. 20, [Sullivan Declaration, Exhibit V]. asbestos when its employees exposed him to asbestos. Finally, it is irrelevant in that even if there was no duty to warn Mr. Ross of the dangers of asbestos, defendant remains liable for its own negligence in causing Mr. Ross’s exposure to asbestos and subsequent asbestos-related injuries. 34. Disputed as misleading. Additionally, the evidence offered is inadmissible. See plaintiffs’ evidentiary objections filed concurrently herewith. This alleged “fact” does not dispute the fact that Mr. Ross was exposed to asbestos for which defendant is liable. Nor does it have any bearing on Mr. Ross'’s own knowledge of the hazards of asbestos or of asbestos content of materials to which he was exposed by defendant. In no way does it show what the purported “knowledge” of the} Local 16 was attributed or transmitted to the Mr. Ross. Further, this fact does not show any nexus between these “respiratory illnesses” for which the screening program allegedly began and asbestos. Finally, it is irrelevant in that even if there was no duty to warn Mr. Ross of the dangers of asbestos, defendant remains liable for its own negligence in causing Mr. Ross’s exposure to asbestos and subsequent asbestos-related injuries. 35. Disputed as misleading. Additionally, the evidence offered is inadmissible. See plaintiffs’ evidentiary objections filed concurrently herewith. This alleged “fact” does not dispute the fact that Mr, Ross was exposed to asbestos for which defendant is liable. Nor does it have any bearing on Mr. Ross'’s own knowledge of the hazards of asbestos or of asbestos content of materials to which he was exposed by defendant. In no way does it show what the purported “knowledge” of the| Local 16 was attributed or transmitted to the Mr. Ross. Further, this fact does not show any nexus between these “respiratory illnesses” for which the screening program. allegedly began and asbestos. Me K lojoredh £9340 plies CRIMEC amet wd 14 ALB, PLAIN " RESPONSE TO DEFENDANT CRITCHFIELD MECHANICAL, INC.’S SEPARATE STATEMENT OF UNDISPUTED.Co em YW KD hw BR YY 10 36, Between 1957 and 1960, members of Asbestos Workers Local 16 discussed the health hazards associated with asbestos during monthly membership meetings with increased frequency. ‘if Deposition of Arthur R. Klimack (In Re: Complex Asbestos Litigation), 659:16-661:6, 731:16-24, 732:13-18, 1002:4-1003:8; Deposition of Arthur Klimack (2006), 46:18-47:20, 49:6-52:25. 37. During a general membership meeting in the late 1950s, Dr. Irving Selikoff addressed the members of Local 16, explained the hazard posed by asbestos, and discussed control of asbestos dust. ‘glvsss-CRIMEC rsh sa. yepd Further, there is no evidence of what was “discussed” and there is no mention of any recommendations, warnings or preventative actions to be taken, Further, there is no evidence of what “health hazards” are being referenced or what understanding there was of such “health hazards.” Further, there is no evidence that defendant knew or had any reason to know that Mr. Ross had or should have had any knowledge of the “health hazards” (by any definition) o asbestos when its employees exposed him to asbestos. Finally, it is irrelevant in that even if there was no duty to warn Mr. Ross of the dangers of asbestos, defendant remains liable for its own negligence in causing Mr. Ross’s exposure to asbestos and subsequent asbestos-related injuries. 36. Disputed. The evidence offered is inadmissible. See plaintiffs’ evidentiary objections filed concurrently herewith. This alleged “fact” does not dispute the fact that Mr. Ross was exposed to asbestos for which defendant is liable. Nor does it have any bearing on Mr. Ross'’s own knowledge of the hazards of asbestos or of asbestos content of materials to which he was exposed by defendant. In no way does it show what the purported “knowledge” of the} Local 16 was attributed or transmitted to the Mr. Rass. Further, there is no evidence of what was “discussed” and there is no mention of any recommendations, warnings or preventative actions to be taken. Finally, it is irrelevant in that even if there was no duty to warn Mr. Ross of the dangers of asbestos, defendant remains liable for its own negligence in causing Mr. Ross’s exposure to asbestos and subsequent asbestos-related injuries. 37. Disputed. The evidence offered is inadmissible. See plaintiffs’ evidentiary objections filed concurrently herewith. This alleged “fact” does not dispute the fact that Mr. Ross was exposed to asbestos for which defendant is liable. Nor does it have ALB, " RESPONSE TO DEFENDANT CRITCHFIELD MECHANICAL, INC.’S SEPARATE STATEMENT OF UNDISPUTED.Co em YW KD hw BR YY 10 ft Deposition of Arthur R. Klimack (In Re: Complex Asbestos Litigation), 671:3-674:7, 7341-15, 994:1-999:5. 38. During the union events in late 1950s, members of The Ashestos Workers Union discussed use of respirators to prevent exposure to asbestos. Vil Deposition of Arthur R. Klimack (In Re: Complex Asbestos Litigation), 658:13-659:4, 731:25-732:12. 39. Mr. Klimack represented Local 16 at The Asbestos Workers Union's Western States Conference in Oakland on February 7, 1959, ‘ti Deposition of Arthur R. Klimack (In Re: Complex Asbestos Litigation), any bearing on Mr. Ross's own knowledge of the hazards of asbestos or of asbestos content of materials to which he was exposed by defendant. In no way does it show what the purported “knowledge” of the Local 16 or Dr. Selikoff was attributed or transmitted to the Mr. Ross. Further, there is no evidence of what was “discussed” and there is no mention of any recommendations, warnings or preventative actions to be taken. Finally, it is irrelevant in that even if there was no duty to warn Mr. Ross of the dangers of asbestos, defendant remains liable for its own negligence in causing Mr. Ross’s exposure to asbestos and subsequent asbestos-related injuries. 38. Disputed. The evidence offered is inadmissible. See plaintiffs’ evidentiary objections filed concurrently herewith. This alleged “fact” does not dispute the fact that Mr, Ross was exposed to asbestos for which defendant is liable. Nor does it have any bearing on Mr. Ross'’s own knowledge of the hazards of asbestos or of asbestos content of materials to which he was exposed by defendant. In no way does it show what the purported “knowledge” of the} Local 16 was attributed or transmitted to the Mr. Ross. Further, there is no evidence of what was “discussed” and there is no mention of any recommendations, warnings or preventative actions to be taken. Finally, it is irrelevant in that even if there was no duty to warn Mr. Ross of the dangers of asbestos, defendant remains liable for its own negligence in causing Mr. Ross’s exposure to asbestos and subsequent asbestos-related injuries. 39. Undisputed, but irrelevant. The evidence offered is inadmissible. See plaintiffs’ evidentiary objections filed concurrently herewith. This alleged “fact” does not dispute the fact that Mr, Ross was exposed to asbestos for which defendant is liable. Nor does it have any bearing on Mr. Ross'’s own knowledge of the hazards of asbestos or of asbestos 656:18-657:8. content of materials to which he was K lojoredh £9340 plies CRIMEC amet wd 16 ALB, PLAIN " RESPONSE TO DEFENDANT CRITCHFIELD MECHANICAL, INC.’S SEPARATE STATEMENT OF UNDISPUTEDCo em YW KD hw BR YY 10 40. The May 1959 issue of The Asbestos Worker reports health hazards and use of respirators were discussed at the February 1959 Western States Conference:"Health Hazards relating to our trade were discussed and various types of respirators were presented and the good points of each were brought out.” iif The Asbestos Worker, May 1959 Issue, pp. 20-22 [Sullivan Declaration, Exhibit W]. 41. While he served as a Business Agent for Local 16 in 1960 and 1961, Mr. Klimack advised insulation contractors asbestos was hazardous. fit Deposition of Arthur R. Klimack (In Re: Complex Asbestos Litigation), 229:3-231:22, 236:2-239:9, 704:18-705:2, 780:19-781:3, 792:11-794:25,. ‘glvsss-CRIMEC rsh sa. yepd 17 exposed by defendant. In no way does it show what the purported “knowledge” of the} Local 16 or Mr. Klimack was attributed or transmitted to the Mr. Ross. Finally, it is irrelevant in that even if there was no duty to warn Mr. Ross of the dangers of asbestos, defendant remains liable for its own negligence in causing Mr. Ross’s exposure fo asbestos and subsequent asbestos-related injuries. 40. Disputed. The evidence offered is inadmissible. See plaintiffs’ evidentiary objections filed concurrently herewith. This alleged “fact” does not dispute the fact that Mr. Ross was exposed to asbestos for which defendant is liable. Nor does it have any bearing on Mr. Ross'’s own knowledge of the hazards of asbestos or of asbestos content of materials to which he was exposed by defendant. In no way does it show what the purported “knowledge” of the| Local 16 or The Asbestos Worker was attributed or transmitted to the Mr. Ross. Further, there is no evidence of what was “discussed” and there is no mention of any recommendations, warnings or preventative actions to be taken. Finally, it is irrelevant in that even if there was no duty to warn Mr. Ross of the dangers of asbestos, defendant remains liable for its own negligence in causing Mr. Ross’s exposure to asbestos and subsequent asbestos-related injuries. 41. Disputed as misleading. Additionally, the evidence offered is inadmissible. See plaintiffs’ evidentiary objections filed concurrently herewith. This alleged “fact” does not dispute the fact that Mr. Ross was exposed to asbestos for which defendant is liable. Nor does it have any bearing on Mr. Ross's own knowledge of the hazards of asbestos or of asbestos content of materials to which he was exposed by defendant. In no way does it show what the purported “knowledge” of the! Mr, Klimack or various insulation contractors (including those which employer plaintiff) was attributed or transmitted to the Mr. Ross. ALB, " RESPONSE TO DEFENDANT CRITCHFIELD MECHANICAL, INC.’S SEPARATE STATEMENT OF UNDISPUTED.Co em YW KD hw BR YY 10 42, While he served as a Business Agent for Local 16 in 1960 and 1961, Mr. Klimack advised insulation contractors to provide dust masks to Local 16's members. fff Deposition of Arthur R. Klimack (In Re: Complex Asbestos Litigation), 782:4-8. 43. While a working as Business Agent for Local 16 in 1960 and 1961, Mr. Klimack encouraged insulation contractors to use dust containment devices in their fabrication shops to minimize the amount of airborne asbestos. ft Deposition of Arthur R. Klimack (In Re: Complex Asbestos Litigation), 232:2-235:15, 236:8-239:9. ‘glvsss-CRIMEC rsh sa. yepd 18 42. Disputed as misleading. Additionally, the evidence offered is inadmissible. See plaintiffs’ evidentiary objections filed concurrently herewith. This alleged “fact” does not dispute the fact that Mr. Ross was exposed to asbestos for which. defendant is liable. Nor does it have any bearing on Mr. Ross"s own knowledge of the hazards of asbestos or of asbestos content of materials to which he was exposed by defendant. In no way does it show what the purported “knowledge” of Mr. Klimack was attributed or transmitted to the Mr. Ross. Further, this fact does not show any nexus between these “dust masks” and asbestos. Further, there is no showing of whether any mask Mr. Klimack recommended was designed to be or was protective of airborne asbestos fibers, that it would be worn in such a way as to prevent exposure to asbestos fibers, that it would be worn in conjunction with protective clothing and wash down procedures necessary to prevent oxposure to asbestos fibers which would otherwise land on the user’s clothing, skin and hair and cause exposures when an otherwise effective mask was removed. Finally, it is irrelevant in that even if there was no duty to warn Mr. Ross of the dangers of asbestos, defendant remains liable for its own negligence in causing Mr. Ross’s exposure to asbestos and subsequent asbestos-related injuries. 43. Disputed. Additionally, the evidence offered is inadmissible. See plaintiffs’ evidentiary objections filed concurrently herewith. This alleged “fact” does not dispute the fact that Mr. Ross was exposed to asbestos for which defendant is liable. Nor does it have any bearing on Mr. Ross's own knowledge of the hazards of asbestos or of asbestos content of materials to which he was exposed by defendant. In no way does it show what the purported “knowledge” of Mr, Klimack was attributed or transmitted to} the Mr. Ross. Finally, it is irrelevant in that even if there was no duty to warn Mr. Ross of the dangers ALB, " RESPONSE TO DEFENDANT CRITCHFIELD MECHANICAL, INC.’S SEPARATE STATEMENT OF UNDISPUTED.Co em YW KD hw BR YY 10 44, By the early 1960s, Mr. Klimack had decided to wear a mask when he was "aware of the fact that asbestos fiber was in some product whenever that product was present or working on that product, then it would be incumbent to wear a mask.” ‘ti Deposition of Arthur Klimack (2006), 53:18-55:3. 45. Mr. Klimack represented Local 16 at the 20th General Convention of the International Association in Atlantic City in September 1962. ft Deposition of Arthur R. Klimack (In Re: Complex Asbestos Litigation), 611:9-25, 670:7-15, 706:6-11. ‘glvsss-CRIMEC rsh sa. yepd 19 of asbestos, defendant remains liable for its own negligence in causing Mr. Ross’s exposure to asbestos and subsequent asbestos-related injuries. 44. Disputed as misleading. Additionally, the evidence offered is inadmissible. See plaintiffs’ evidentiary objections filed concurrently herewith. Further, there is no showing of whether any mask Mr. Klimack wore was designed to be or was protective of airborne asbestos fibers, that it was worn in such a way as to prevent exposure to asbestos fibers, that it was worn in conjunction with protective clothing and wash down procedures necessary to prevent exposure to asbestos fibers which would otherwise land on Mr, Klimack’s clothing, skin and hair and cause exposures when an otherwise effective mask was removed. This alleged “fact” does not dispute the fact that Mr. Ross was exposed to asbestos for which defendant is liable, Nor does it have any bearing on Mr. Ross"’s own knowledge of the hazards of asbestos or of asbestos content of materials to which he was exposed by defendant. In no way does it show what the purported “knowledge” of Mr, Klimack was attributed or transmitted to} the Mr. Ross. Finally, it is irrelevant in that even if there was no duty to warn Mr. Ross of the dangers of asbestos, defendant remains liable for its own negligence in causing Mr. Ross’s exposure to asbestos and subsequent asbestos-related injuries. 45. Undisputed, but irrelevant. Additionally, the evidence offered is inadmissible. See plaintiffs’ evidentiary objections filed concurrently herewith. This alleged “fact” does not dispute the fact that Mr. Ross was exposed to asbestos for which defendant is liable. Nor does it have any bearing on Mr. Ross'’s own knowledge of the hazards of asbestos or of asbestos content of materials to which he was exposed by defendant. In no way does it show what the purported “knowledge” of the| Local 16 or Mr. Klimack was attributed or transmitted to the Mr. Ross. ALB, " RESPONSE TO DEFENDANT CRITCHFIELD MECHANICAL, INC.’S SEPARATE STATEMENT OF UNDISPUTED.Co em YW KD hw BR YY 10 46, The February 1963 issue of The Asbestos Worker contains a three-page article entitled, "Progress Report on Health Hazards" which describes the efforts to survey of lung diseases among asbestos workers announced at the 20th General Convention of the International Association and states "EVERYONE has to be examined - no one can be left out." ‘it The Asbestos Worker, February 1963 Issue, pp. 25-27 [Sullivan Declaration, Exhibit X]. 47. The first article addressing the release of asbestos from the disturbance of fireproofing by trades such as plumbers and sheet metal workers was not published in a peer-reviewed industrial hygiene journal until 1983. fi Declaration of Kyle Dotson in Support of Defendant Critchfield Mechanical, Inc.'s Motion for Summary Judgment or, Alternatively, Summary Adjudication ("Dotson Declaration"), 3:14-17 [Sullivan De