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  • ROBERT ROSS et al VS. C.C. MOORE & CO. ENGINEERS ASBESTOS document preview
  • ROBERT ROSS et al VS. C.C. MOORE & CO. ENGINEERS ASBESTOS document preview
  • ROBERT ROSS et al VS. C.C. MOORE & CO. ENGINEERS ASBESTOS document preview
  • ROBERT ROSS et al VS. C.C. MOORE & CO. ENGINEERS ASBESTOS document preview
  • ROBERT ROSS et al VS. C.C. MOORE & CO. ENGINEERS ASBESTOS document preview
  • ROBERT ROSS et al VS. C.C. MOORE & CO. ENGINEERS ASBESTOS document preview
  • ROBERT ROSS et al VS. C.C. MOORE & CO. ENGINEERS ASBESTOS document preview
  • ROBERT ROSS et al VS. C.C. MOORE & CO. ENGINEERS ASBESTOS document preview
						
                                

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LAW OFFICES. IMAL, TADLOCK, KEENEY & CORDERY, LLP Suite 1300 Theodore T. Cordery, Esq. (Bar No. 114730) Tina Yim, Esq. (Bar No. 232597) IMAI, TADLOCK, KEENEY & CORDERY, LLP 100 BUSH STREET, SUITE 1300 SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94104 Telephone: (415) 675-7000 Facsimile: (415) 675-7008 Attorneys for Defendant WEBCOR BUILDERS, INC. ELECTRONICALLY FILED Superior Court of California, County of San Francisco FEB 22 2013 Clerk of the Court BY: EDNALEEN JAVIER Deputy Clerk IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA IN AND FOR THE CITY AND COUNTY OF SAN FRANCISCO UNLIMITED JURISDICTION ROBERT ROSS and JEAN ROSS, Plaintiffs, C.C. MOORE & CO. ENGINEEERS, et al., Defendants. CASE NO.: CGC-10-275731 EXHIBITS 1 AND 2 TO THE DECLARATION OF DR. JEFFREY BIRKNER IN SUPPORT OF WEBCOR BUILDERS, INC,’S MOTION FOR SUMMARY JUDGMENT OR, IN THE ALTERNATIVE, SUMMARY JUDGMENT Date: May 9, 2013 Time: 9:30 am. Dept: 503 Judge: Hon. Teri L. Jackson Complaint Filed: December 17, 2010 Trial Date: June 10, 2013 Attached are EXHIBITS 1 AND 2 TO THE DECLARATION OF DR. JEFFREY BIRKNER IN SUPPORT OF WEBCOR BUILDERS, INC.’S MOTION FOR SUMMARY JUDGMENT OR, IN THE ALTERNATIVE, SUMMARY JUDGMENT EXHIBITS 1 AND 2 TO THE DECLARATION OF DR. JEFFREY BIRKNER IN SUPPORT OF WEBCOR. BUILDERS, INC.’S MOTION FOR SUMMARY JUDGMENT OR, IN THE ALTERNATIVE, SUMMARY JUDGMENT1 PROOF OF SERVICE 2 I, Heather Cherry, declare: 3 Tam a resident of the State of California and over the age of eighteen years, and not a party to the within action; my business address is 100 Bush Street, Suite 1300, San Francisco, CA 94104. On the date of execution below, I served the within documents: 4 5 EXHIBITS 1 AND 2 TO THE DECLARATION OF DR. JEFFREY BIRKNER IN SUPPORT OF WEBCOR BUILDERS, INC.’S MOTION FOR SUMMARY 6 JUDGMENT OR, IN THE ALTERNATIVE, SUMMARY JUDGMENT 7 by transmitting via facsimile the document(s) listed above to the fax number(s) set 8 9 forth below on this date before 5:00 p.m. by placing the document(s) listed above in a sealed envelope with postage thereon fully prepaid, in the United States mai] at San Francisco, California addressed as set 10 forth below. by personally delivering the document(s) listed above to the person(s) at the address(es) set forth below. >} On the date of execution below, | electronically served the document via File & ServeXpress on the recipients designated on the Transaction Receipt located on the File & ServeXpress Web site. LAW OFFICES IMAI, TADLOCK, KEENEY & CORDERY, LLP si I declare under penalty of perjury under the laws of the State of California that the above £ 16 is true and correct. z 7 Executed on February 22, 2013, at San Francisco, California. 18 19 /s/ Heather Cherry Heather Cherry 20 Ross, Robert and Jean v. C.C. Moore & Co. Engineers, (WB). 21 || SAN FRANCISCO SUPERIOR COURT NO. CGC-10-275731 2. ATTACHED ARE EXHIBITS | AND 2 TO THE DECLARATION OF DR. JEFFREY BIRKNER IN SUPPORT OF WEBCOR BUILDERS, INC.’S MOTION FOR SUMMARY JUDGMENT OR, IN ‘THE ALTERNATIVE, SUMMARY JUDGMENTLAW OFFICES IMAL, TADLOCK, KE; 108 SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94104 (418) $75. 7000 CO OC WM DW B® WB NY RY YW NR NY DB RR DD ee mea ae NA A FF YN B= SD Bb we BY DH B&B WN & PROOF OF SERVICE J, Tina Yim, declare: lam a resident of the State of California and over the age of eighteen years, and not a party to the within action; my business address is 100 Bush Street, Suite 1300, San Francisco, CA 94104. On the date of execution below, I served the within documents: EXHIBITS 1 AND 2 TO THE DECLARATION OF DR. JEFFREY BIRKNER IN SUPPORT OF WEBCOR BUILDERS, INC.’S MOTION FOR SUMMARY JUDGMENT OR, IN THE ALTERNATIVE, SUMMARY JUDGMENT by transmitting via facsimile the document(s) listed above to the fax number(s) set forth below on this date before 5:00 p.m. by placing the document(s) listed above in a sealed envelope with postage thereon fully prepaid, in the United States mail at San Francisco, California addressed as set forth below. >| by personally delivering the document(s) listed above to the person(s) at the address(es) set forth below: Brayton Purcell, LLP 222 Rush Landing Road Novato, CA. 94945-2469 On the date of execution below, I electronically served the document via File & ServeXpress on the recipients designated on the Transaction Receipt located on the File & ServeXpress Web site. I declare under penalty of perjury under the laws of the State of California that the above is true and correct. Executed on February 22, 2013, at San Francisco, California. /s/ Tina Yim Tina Yim Ross, Robert and Jean v. C.C. Moore & Co. Engineers, (WB), SAN FRANCISCO SUPERIOR COURT NO. CGC-10-275731 3- ATTACHED ARE EXHIBITS 1 AND 2 TO THE DECLARATION OF DR. JEFFREY BIRKNER IN SUPPORT OF WEBCOR BUILDERS, INC.’S MOTION FOR SUMMARY JUDGMENT OR, IN THE ALTERNATIVE, SUMMARY JUDGMENTEXHIBIT 1Jeffrey S. Birkner, PhD, CIH 5811 Indian Terrace Dr. Simi Valley, CA 93063 805-906-5456 HEALTH, SAFETY, AND INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE PROFESSIONAL Specializing in industrial hygiene, regulatory affairs, and product liability evaluation. Experience includes hazard assessment, environmental monitoring, emergency response, spill response, respirator program evaluation, and asbestos program management. Successfully managed quality assurance, technical service, and research and development programs. EDUCATION Ph.D. Environmental Health Sciences, UCLA, 2007 M.S. Environmental Health Sciences, NYU, 1983 B.A. Biology, NYU, 1979 CERTIFICATION i American Board of Industrial Hygiene as a Certified Industrial Hygienist in ( Comprehensive Practice since 1987 ! EXPERIENCE Principal, Birkner Consulting, 1988 to Present, Simi Valley, California. Perform in- depth analysis of documentation and testimony of plaintiffs alleging exposure to substances including asbestos, radiation, and other chemicals. Review testimony and documents to quantitatively and qualitatively assess exposures to these substances. Develop reports to be used by myself or other expert witnesses for summaries to clients : and at trial. Perform literature searches of various chemical substances including | asbestos. Evaluate documentation to assess the extent of asbestos abatement programs, health, safety, and environmental programs at various facilities. Provide industrial hygiene and hazard assessment to large manufacturing clients. Perform air sampling, noise exposure evaluations, indoor air quality evaluations, hazardous material assessments, and OSHA compliance evaluations. Assessments include recognition, evaluation, and control of hazards including asbestos, lead, and organic chemicals.Page two/Jeffrey $. Birkner Vice President, Technical Services. Moldex Metric Inc., 1986 to Present, Culver City, California. Promoted from Manager to Director to V.P. of Technical Services. Provide in-house industrial hygiene and safety services (20% of time) including the identification and abatement of asbestos-containing materials. Majority of time spent on duties such as advising customers on the use of safety products manufactured by Moldex, review of all product information to ensure technical correctness, understandability, and compliance with government regulations concerning respiratory and hearing protection products. Develop training programs for distributors, manufacturer representatives, and in-house personnel. Represent the company on issues regarding the certification and regulation of Moldex products. Participate in discussions with OSHA, NIOSH, and ANSI regarding their respective regulations or recommendations. Assist in the management and development of new products from design to final marketing including respiratory protection devices used for protection against hazardous substances including organic and acid gas vapors, asbestos, and lead. Evaluate new product efficacy through fit test studies and lab bench tests. Supervise R&D Lab, QA Department, and ISO 9000 support personnel. Instructor, Pacific Travel Trade School, 1997-2000, California. Provided vocational training for Health and Safety Technicians which included the following subjects: 40- hour Hazmat course, Lead Abatement Workers, Asbestos Abatement Workers, Respiratory Protection, Physiology, Anatomy, Electrical Safety, and Ergonomics, Most rubrics included classroom and lab work. Asbestos abatement training covered regulations, State-of-the-Art abatement techniques, history, and extensive hands-on simulated abatement. Health Physicist/Industrial Hygienist, The Zia Company, 1984-1986, Los Alamos, New Mexico. Provided IH and HP support for contract personnel for Los Alamos National Lab. Developed radiation safety programs, investigated exposure incidents, evaluated jobs involving radiation. Performed industrial hygiene assessments including noise surveys and air contaminants including lead, asbestos, and solvents. Supervised asbestos abatement personnel to ensure compliance with all regulations during abatement. Performed personal breathing zone samples, area, and bulk samples. Ensured that abatement procedures were conducted in a manner that would protect abatement personnel as well as persons occupying adjacent areas outside of the containment zone. Radiation Therapy Dosimetrist, Montefiore Medical Center, 1984, New York. Designed radiation therapy treatment plans for cancer patients. Calibrated radiation therapy equipment. Performed radiation safety assessments. Assistant Scientist, Bureau for Radiation Control Department of Health, City of New York, 1982-1984, New York. Enforced federal, state, and city regulations regarding radiation producing equipment. Assessed radiation hazards for occupationally and non-occupationally exposed personnel.Page three/Jeffrey S. Birkner College Laboratory Assistant, Hunter College School of Health Science, 1981-1982, New York. Prepared and taught laboratory courses in Environmental Toxicology, Industrial Hygiene, and Physiology. Assistant Research Toxicologist, NYU Medical Center, 1980-1981, New York. Conducted research on the toxicity of elevated sulfite levels in animal systems. Performed extensive biochemical assays and generated artificial atmospheres for inhalation. PUBLICATIONS/PRESENTATIONS Birkner, Jeffrey S$. and Howard J. Cohen. “Respiratory Protection,” Clinical Chest Medicine 33 (2012): 783-793. Birkner, J. “Want Respiratory Protection Compliance? Consider These 7 Critical Factors,” Industrial Safety & Hygiene News. (June 2012): 36. Birkner, J. and C. Colton. “Respiratory Protective Equipment,” Patty’s Industrial Hygiene: Evaluation and Control, Volume 2. Wiley, New Jersey: 2011. Chapter 26. Birkner, J., Fung, D., Hinds, W, and Kennedy, N. “Particle Release from Respirators, Part I: Determination of the Effect of Particle Size, Drop Height, and Load,” Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health. (2011): 8, 1-9. Birkner, J., Kovalchik, S., Fung, D., Hinds, W, and Kennedy, N. “Particle Release from Respirators, Part II: Determination of the Effect of Tension Applied in Simulation of Removal,” Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health. (2011): 8, 10-12. Birkner, J. “Commercially Available Respirators for Use in the Health-Care Setting,” Roundtable No. 248 entitled Respirator Program Needs and Experience in the Health- Care Setting. AIHCE June 2010. Hall, D., J. Rasmuson, E. Rasmuson, L. Birkner, and J. Birkner. “Application of the Central Limit Theorem to Monte Carlo Retrospective Exposure Assessment of Workers Exposed to Asbestos-Containing Joint Compound,” Paper No, 52 AIHCE June 2008, Minneapolis, Minnesota. Hail, D., J. Birkner, R. Strode, and J. Rasmuson. “The Utility of Computational Fluid Dynamics for Determining Flow and Re-entrainment of Indoor Airbome Respiratory- Range Sized Fibrous and Non-Fibrous Particles,” Paper No. 11 AJHCE, June 2007, Philadelphia, PA. Birkner, J.S. “Detailing the Process for NIOSH Respirator Approval,” Safety and Health, March 2006.Page four/Jeffrey 8. Bitkner Birkner, J.S. “Respiratory Protection: How to Establish a Program,” Protection Update. Spring 2003. Birkner, J.S. “Breathe Freely: Assessing the Respiratory Protection Needs of Your Business,” Plant Safety Maintenance. January 2003. Birkner, J.S. Authored chapter “Particulate Filter Respirators, Respiratory Protection,” A Manual and Guideline. American Industrial Hygiene Association. 2001: Third Ed. Birkner, J.S. “OSHA Requirements: Minimum Steps for Compliance / Information Resources,” Industrial Safety and Health News. 1998. Birkner, J.S. “Bringing Your Program Into 42CFR84 Compliance,” Occupational Health & Safety. August 1997. Birkner, J.S. “An Introduction to the Revised Standard,” News & Reviews. United Sales Associates. Winter 1996, Edited two chapters for Respiratory Protection: A Manual and Guideline. American Industrial Hygiene Association. 1992: Second Ed. Johnston A.R., Myers W.R., Colton C.E, Birkner J.S., and Campbell, C.E. “Review of Respirator Performance Testing in the Workplace: Issues and Concerns,” American Industrial Hygiene Journal. (1992): 53, 11, 705. Birkner, J.S. “Respirator Effectiveness: Don’t Overlook Fit Testing,” Industrial Safety and Health News. Gunnison A.R., Farruggella T.J., Chiang G., Dulak L., Zaccardi J., and Birkner J. “A sulphite oxidase-deficient model: Metabolic Characterization,” Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. (1981): 19, 209. Dunne A-P., Untermeyer M.W., Wolf M., Wolinsky H., Estorff LV., Birkner J., and Dufton S. “Effect of Exercise on Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR),” The Physiologist. (1974): 17, 3, 214. ACTIVITIES -Full member of the American Industrial Hygiene Association -President of the International Society for Respixatory Protection, 1991-1993 -President of Southern California American Industrial Hygiene Association, 2002-2003 -Voting member of American National Standards Institute Z88.12 Committee to develop a standard for Respiratory Protection for Infectious Aerosols -Voting member of American National Standards Institute Z88.2 Committee to develop a standard for Practices for Respiratory Protection.Page five/Jeffrey S. Birkner -Voting member of the Z88 Parent Committee on Respiratory Protection -Voting member American Industrial Hygiene Association Respirator Committee -Session arranger for Respirator Technical Sessions for American Industrial Hygiene Conference, 1990 -Past member of the Health Physics Society ~Chair of Respiratory Protection Committee for the International Safety Equipment Association, 1996-1999, 2003-2005, 2008-2012 -Vice Chair of Respiratory Protection Committee for the International Safety Equipment Association, 2006, 2007-2008 -Chair of Hearing Protection Committee for the International Safety Equipment Association, 1994-1998, 2001- 2005, 2008-2012 -Vice Chair of Hearing Protection Committee for the International Safety Equipment Association, 2007-2008 Appointed to the Environmental Impact Committee for the Ronald Reagan Library, 1990-1993 AWARDS -NIOSH Training Grant for UCLA Doctoral Program which awards full tuition, research money, and yearly stipend -2005 Occupational Health and Safety Research Training Pilot Project Program-Awarded $19,000 to perform research on the release of particles from respirator filters SPECIAL TRAINING -Management Oversight and Risk Tree Analysis/Accident Investigations sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy -Radiation Protection Course for Radionuclide Users, sponsored by Los Alamos National Laboratory -X-Ray Safety: Analytical, sponsored by Los Alamos National Laboratory -Supervisors Safety Training, sponsored by the Zia Company -Construction Safety and Health sponsored by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration -Practices and Procedures in Asbestos Control sponsored by the National Asbestos Center University of Kansas -AHERA Asbestos Abatement Contractor Supervisor 40-hour Course for TSCA -Lead-Related Construction Supervisor & Project Monitor Course, Califomia TESTIMONY AND EXPERT COMMENTS -NIOSH hearings on promulgation of 42CFR84, June 23, 1994 -OSHA hearings on pronmlgation of update of 29CFR1910.134, June 14, 1995 -OSHA hearing on Assigned Protection Factors, January 29, 2004Page six/Jefftey 8. Birkner -Expert reviewer of Total Inward Leakage Protocol for the National Personal Protection Technologies Laboratory of the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health -Invited Speaker to the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies Committee on the Development of Reusable Facemasks for Use during an Influenza Pandemic, March 6-7, 2006 -Invited Speaker to the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies Committee on Evaluation of an Anthropometric Fit Test Panel for the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health -Expert reviewer on proposed research entitled “Metabolic Evaluation of N95 Respirator Use with Surgical Masks for NIOSH, January 31, 2007 -Guest speaker at the 2007 Nanotechnology and Occupational Health and Safety Conference November 16-17, 2007 entitled “Respiratory Protection: Current State-of- the-Art with Consideration for use with Nanoparticles -Manuscript reviewer for NIOSH on proposed publication entitled “Evaluation of the Filtration Performance of 21 Filtering Facepiece Respirators after Prolonged Storage” by Viscusi, D., et al., January 2008 -Expert reviewer on proposed research entitled “Assessing the Impact of Biological Decontamination Methods on Filtering Facepiece Respirator Fit” for NIOSH, January 2009 -EPA Hearings on update of 40 CFR 211, October 7, 2009 -Invited Advisory Board member for the NIOSH sponsored No Fit Test Respirator Workshop and Research Roadmap RFQ 2008-Q-10205 -Expert reviewer on proposed research entitled “Physiological Respiratory Protective Equipment Comfort / Tolerance Study” for National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, May 2010 -Invited Expert at the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Personal Protective Technology Stakeholders Meeting, March 29, 2011, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania -Expert Reviewer on proposed research entitled "Validation of an Advanced Respirator Fit Test Headform” for National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, January 2012EXHIBIT 2oclUmUMmlmlUlUCOOmUUMNLUCUCU OO ONO IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA IN AND FOR THE COUNTY OF SAN FRANCISCO UNLIMITED JURISDICTION --~a00--- SYLVIA CURRIER, et al. Case KENNETH GOFORTH, Case WARREN HAASE, Case THOMAS HIXSON, Case JAMES D. LEWIS, Case Plaintiffs, vs. ASBESTOS DEFENDANTS, et al. (BP) ) ) } ) ) } ) ) ) ) ROBERT ROSS, ) Case ) ) ) ) ) ) } Defendants. ) ) No.: No.: No.: Now: Now: Now: CGC-06-454323 CGC-06-451849 CGC-08-274823 CGC-09-275161 CGC-08-274946 CGC-07-274099 DEPOSITION OF STEVE STEELE Taken before Kimberly L. Avery CSR No. 5074 August 21, 20091 STEVE STEELE, 2 sworn as a witness, 3 testified as follows: 4 EXAMINATION BY MR. SINUNU: 5 QO. Could you state your name, please, for the 6 record. i 7 A. Steve Steele. 8 Q. And your current address? 9 A. 3833 Walnut Avenue in Concord, California. 10 Q. And your current occupation? : 41 A. I'm the business manager of the Insulators! 12 Local 16. i 13 Q. And what is the complete name of that 14 organization? 15 A. Heat and Frost Insulators and Allied Workers. 16 Q. How long has it been known by that particular 17 name? : 18 A. I would say approximately two to three years. | 19 Q. And before that was it the Heat and Frost 20 Insulators and Asbestos Workers? 21 A. Yes. 22 Q. And so if we refer to either of those 23 organizations, we're talking about essentially one 24 organization, correct? | 26 15 Aiken Welch Court Reporters S. Steele 8-21-094 Q. Okay. On what date did you become a journeyman 2 with the Insulators' union? 3 A. Approximately 1972. 4 0. “and again, throughout the deposition, this is a 5 shortcut, we'll say the Insulators’ union or the 6 Insulators' union Local 16, and by that we'll be 7 referring to the Heat and Frost Insulators -- well, the 8 International Association of Heat and Frost Insulators 9 and Allied Workers union; you understand that? 10 A. I understand. be ecient rte nen 11 0. Do you remember the date in 1972? 12 A. No. 13 Q. Did you go through an apprenticeship before 14 becoming a journeyman? 15 A. TI did. 16 Q. And how long was that apprenticeship? 17 A. Four years. 18 0®. Are the geographic boundaries of Local 16 the 19 same as they were when you became a journeyman? 20 A. I believe so. 21 0. What are those geographic boundaries? 22 A. 47 counties in northern California and 10 in 23 northwestern Nevada. 24 Q. And has the designation of the local which 25 controls those counties always been Local 16 insofar as 19 Aiken Welch Court Reporters S. Steele 8-21-09 / { | { ioo ON ODO on ek BW NM OS = 03 = was not a union representative at that time. And that's what this Notice is directed to, so tell me why does it relate? Hearing nothing... BY MR. SINUNU: Q. Did you have course materials? MR. DAVIS: I'm going to join the objection. BY MR. SINUNU: 9. I'll ask the question, did you receive any materials that described any hazards relating to asbestos during the time you were an apprentice? A. Not that I know of. Q. Did any of your course materials have any discussion of the hazards of asbestos? A. Not that I know of. I'll clarify that. They were handouts, an 8-and-a-half-by-11 handout how to insulate a tank or certain pipe or an elbow; that's what I remember of our apprenticeship program. Q. Did they ever mention respirators? A. Not during that time, no. Q. And it looks 1ike you have in front of you maybe a truncated version of the document we've had marked as Exhibit A, and it lists on Attachment 3 a number of documents for you to bring as custodian of 31 Aiken Welch Court Reporters S. Steele 8-21-09sed oOo ON ODO oO eF WwW NY 32 records. A. Uh-huh. I understand. Q. And are you the custodian of records for the insulation -- Insulators’ union Local 16? A. Yes. QO. And are you the custodian of records for all of the categories of documents requested? A. All except for the journals from the International. Q. As part of your preparation for this deposition did you contact the International to get old "Asbestos , Worker” journals from them? A. No. Q. Do you know whether they have copies of "Asbestos Worker" journals going back to the beginning? A. I would imagine they do. QO. And what have you produced -- strike that. So what did you do to look for documents responsive to these categories? A. I went through our office, filing cabinets, anything that we had. Q. And what else? Do you have a document-retention policy? A. Not at this time. We're working on one. Seriously, we are. Aiken Welch Court Reporters S. Steele 8-21-09a oO Oo AN OD aA &B ON em — {Discussion off the record.} (Defendants’' Exhibits El to Fill Marked for Identification.) BY MR. SINUNU: Q. I'm going to show you documents which have been marked as Bl through Ell, and do you recognize those? A. Yes. Q And you brought those with you today? A. Yes. Q And what are those? A "Asbestos Worker" journals. Q. And wuat are -- what is "The Asbestos Worker” journal? A. It's a journal sent out from our International several times a year. Bless you. Q. And is the magazine published by the International Association of Heat and Frost Insulators and now Allied Workers' union? A. Yes. Q. And do you understand that to be the official journal of the organization? A. Yes. Q. The International is the organization of which Local 16 is a part, correct? 37 Aiken Welch Court Reporters S. Steele 8-21-09— oO oOo fF NN DD oO FF BO KN 38 A. Yes. Q. And that magazine has been published ever since you entered the union, correct? A. I think so. Q. Well, speaking for Local 16, is it your understanding that that magazine is sent out to each and every member of the union? A. That's my understanding. QO. And is it sent out on or about the date that the magazine is published? A. I believe so. Q. So if your Exhibit El has a date of August 1970, then it would be sent out to all of the members of the union in August or by August or September 1970, correct? A. I would think so. MR. DAVIS: Objection. Calls for speculation. MR. SCLOMON: Lacks foundation. BY MR. SINUNU: Q. Well, again, you've received these magazines yourself for a long time, haven't you? A. Yes. Q. And it comes out quarterly? A. I would say several times. I'm not sure if it's quarterly or several times a year. — Aiken Welch Court Reporters S. Steele 8-21-09ooclcwo DWN OOo Be UL > om ~~ 24 25 what he knew in his earliest years and find out if that had changed, to his knowledge, beforehand. MR. DAVIS: If you want to ask him about what he knew during his earliest years, you are welcome to do that. That's not what you've been asking. MR. SINUNU: It's true, I don't really care about 2009. I'm trying to do this as cleanly as possible, despite what Mr. Solomon might think here. MR. SOLOMON: Well, cleanly isn't the issue. The only issue is are you asking him questions that are contained in the Notice. MR. SINUNU: Let's move along. MR. DAVIS: Well, if we move along and just ignore the limitations in the Notice we're really creating problems. MR. SINUNU: I'm going to a different subject. I'm going to a different subject. MR. DAVIS: Okay. You want these documents? | OM, SINUNU: To got a set of them. I'm going to talk about some of the older "Asbestos Worker" magazines. BY MR. SINUNU: Q. You had provided some -- a couple of magazines with the green sheets in them. I'm going to show you 95 Aiken Welch Court Reporters S. Steele 8-21-09oOo @N Oo oF fk WO N = he aeh = 96 another magazine, which is the February 1969 -- those are ~~ the magazines in front of you are in chronological order, so if you want to -- MR. DAVIS: Let the record reflect the earliest here is April of 1957, so you want the witness to go to the 1963 or one of the 1969 articles? MR. SINUNU: Yes. MR. CULLOM: Just for the record, are these all of the same ilk in terms of the journal? MR. SINUNU: They are all “Asbestos Worker" magazines. THE WITNESS: You want us to go to which one? BY MR. SINUNU: Q. The February 1969. MR. MALONE: That's an exhibit, correct? MR. SINUNU: No. No. No. MR. SOLOMON: These are different exhibits. MR. SINUNU: Let's have that marked as Exhibit (Defendants! Exhibit F marked for Identification.) BY MR. SINUNU: Q. Now, you didn't produce this document, Mr. Steele, but does this appear to have the same format of the documents that "The Asbestos Worker" magazines that Aiken Welch Court Reporters S. Steele 8-21-09oo On NN DO OH RF WD NY S| > = 97 you did produce? MR. DAVIS: Objection. The document speaks for itself. THE WITNESS: It appears to be. MR. DAVIS: You can ask the witness if he recognizes it. BY MR. SINUNU: Q. Do you recognize the format of the document? A. It appears to be the journal. Q. And so if it has a date of 1969, February 1969, then it would have been provided to all of the members during that month or the month after, correct? MR. DAVIS: That question is not based on the witness’ personal knowledge. Calls for speculation. BY MR. SINUNU: Q. Do you have any reason to doubt that this is what it appears to be? A. No. Q. And from looking at the table of contents just inside the cover, does it appear to have the same categories as “The Asbestos Worker" magazines that you've produced? A. Yes. Q. I don't want to go through all this litany with all these magazines if we don't have to, Aiken Welch Court Reporters S. Steele 8-21-09= oo ON MD OHO hk WwW DN 98 MR. DAVIS: Well, I can understand that you want somebody to authenticate this document, but obviously he can't do it. He's never seen it before. MR. SINUNU: I don't know that he can't, but... MR. DAVIS: You might ask him if he's ever seen it before. BY MR. SINUNU: Q. This would have come out during the time -- no, it would not have. This was before you became a journeyman, correct? A. Before I became a journeyman, yes. Q. Look at page 13, the magazine, it's just after page 12, and those are some more green sheets? A. Uh-huh. Q. And those appear to be in the same format as the green sheets in the magazines that you produced, correct? A. Yes. Q. That's all I'm going to ask you about that. MR. DAVIS: We're done with this. BY MR. SINUNU: Q. The next document I'd like you to look at is October 1957. Let's have that marked as Exhibit G. Aiken Welch Court Reporters S. Steele 8-21-09oO Oo ma NN DOD oO Rh WwW HY = Nw NM NM BY NM DB Ba Bw ee we ka a FF Ww NH = 9 0 BN DBD HO BF WOW DN mw (Defendants'’ Exhibit G marked for Identification.) BY MR. SINUNU: O. And does this have the same format as "The Asbestos Worker" magazines that you've produced? A. It appears to. Q. And does this appear to you to be a true and correct copy of an "Asbestos Worker” magazine? MR. DAVIS: Objection. Lacks foundation. Seeks speculation from the witness. THE WITNESS: To the best of my knowledge. BY MR. SINUNU: Q. Do you have any reason to doubt its authenticity? MR. DAVIS: Objection. Irrelevant. THE WITNESS: I don't know how to answer that if I've never seen it before. BY MR. SINUNU: Q. And if the date on it is October 1957, would it have been distributed to the members of the union on or about October or November 1957? MR. DAVIS: Objection. Calls for speculation. The document speaks for itself to whatever extent it speaks. You are asking this witness to speculate about something he knows nothing about. 99 Aiken Welch Court Reporters S. Steele 8-21-09 |oc Oo fof NN DOD HO fF WOW NHN = 0 = MR. SINUNU: Well, he doesn't know nothing about it. BY MR. SINUNU: 0. This appears to have the format of all the magazines you produced, correct? A. Correct. Q. I want you to turn to page -- page 1 of the magazines where at the top says "19th Convention Sets Record.” A. Yes. Q. And the paragraph that says "Health Hazards.” Do you see that? A. Yes. QO. It begins, "Being well aware of the health hazards in the asbestos industry, President Sickles requested authority for the General Executive Board to make a study of the health hazards." Did I read that correctly? MR. DAVIS: Objection. Counsel, the document speaks for itself, and we don't even know that this witness was reading in 1957. MR. SINUNU: Again, he's the person most qualified. MR. DAVIS: He was seven years old. The document is not within the documents that the local 100 Aiken Welch Court Reporters S. Steele 8-21-09= oO © a N DO oO F&F WwW DY union had on hand. It's not one of the documents we produced. We didn't find it in the records. I'm not sure why you are engaging in this exercise, but this witness has no knowledge of this document . MR. SINUNU: Well, he doesn't have no knowledge of it because he's the person most qualified from the union and he can describe the format of the document. MR. DAVIS: Counsel, anybody with vision could compare the format of this document to the formats of other documents. BY MR. SINUNU: Q. Do you know who President Sickles was? A. He was the general president of the International Association. ®. And what was the General Executive Board, to your knowledge? A. That's made up of all the International vice presidents. @. How many were there then, to your knowledge? A. I don't know. MR. SINUNU: Mark the document, it's November 1961, it's black and white, but other than that, no less authentic. MR. SOLOMON: Well, move to strike counsel's 101 Aiken Welch Court Reporters S. Steele 8-21-09oO Oo ON OO oO Fk WO NH Ny NM DY DB NH KR we we ee ee ee ee a f& ON +s Oo 0 ODN DMD TO RB Ww NY = comments. (Defendants' Exhibit H marked for Identification.) BY MR. SINUNU: Q. Looking at Exhibit H, does this appear to be the same format as "The Asbestos Worker" magazines that you've produced today? MR. SOLOMON: Objection. Seeks speculation. THE WITNESS: It appears to be. BY MR. SINUNU: Q. And it has the same categories in the magazine as the magazines that you produced today? A. It appears to be. Q. Looking at the next-to-last page, and there's a poster there -- A. Yes. Q. -- do you see that document, and it says, “Is your future with him or them? Wear your respirator." I see that. Have you ever seen that poster before today? No. Do you know who Webster Ay? No. Or C.V. Krieger (phonetic)? » Oo pO > OP No. 102 Aiken Welch Court Reporters S. Steele 8-21-09= oo ODN DO OH B® WN 103 Q. What was the union's -- did the union have a policy regarding respirators when you first joined the union? A. No, MR. MALONE: Mr. Sinunu, could we get the date of that. MR. SINUNU: It's November 1961. MR. MALONE: Thank you. MR. CLEARY: ‘61 or '51? MR. SINUNU: ‘61. BY MR. SINUNU: Q. Next in order is -—- no, not the next in order -- it's the February 1963, and you can take the tabbed page off if it's -- it should be off, actually. We'll have that marked. (Defendants' Exhibit I marked for Identification.) BY MR. SINUNU: Q. Does this appear to you to be an edition of "The Asbestos Worker" magazine? A. It appears to be. Q@. And it dates February 1963? A. Yes. Q. And does this appear to have the same format as "The Asbestos Worker" magazines that you produced Aiken Welch Court Reporters S. Steele 8-21-09ao © ON DO oO FP WwW NY = N MR RO = kkk today? MR. SOLOMON: They are all under here. THE WITNESS: Yes. MR. DAVIS: I'il move to strike the answer and object to the question because obviously the answer is no. MR. CULLOM: Could I have the answer read back, please. (Record read.) MR. ARMSTONG: Counsel says it's no. You pick. MR. SINUNU: There's a dispute there. BY MR. SINUNU: Q. Does it have the same categories and the contents of the magazines that you produced have? MR. DAVIS: I'til admonish the witness to make a direct comparison if that’s the question and you want an answer to it. I'm not going to have him answer without making the comparison. The question is to all of the magazines you produced, each of them? MR. SINUNU: Well, sure. THE WITNESS: It appears to be. BY MR. SINUNU: Q. Okay. Thank you. And if it came out in February 1963, then it 104 Aiken Welch Court Reporters S. Steele 8-21-09= oO ODN OD TN fk WwW HD a oo > 105 would have gone to the members some time in February, March 1963? MR. SOLOMON: Objection. Lacks foundation. Seeks speculation from the witness. THE WITNESS: It's possible. MR. SOLOMON: Move to strike as based on speculation. BY MR. SINUNU: QO. I'd like you to look at page 25. MR. DAVIS: Do you want to direct his attention to anything in particular on page 25 or do you want him to read the whole page? BY MR. SINUNU: Q. It's a three-page article entitled "Progress Report on Health Hazards." Do you see that? A. I see that. Q. And if you look right at the beginning of the article, the second sentence begins, “Arranged by President Carl Sickles," and that was, you understood to be, the president of the International at that time? A. Yes. Q. And Vice President Hugh Mulligan, who is that? MR. DAVIS: If you know. THE WITNESS: I don't know. Aiken Welch Court Reporters S. Steele 8-21-09oO Oo ON OO oO RB WO ND Ny wD NY YM KY NY & & B@ B BSB Be Bas as a B&B oO HM |= 9D © ODN OD HO BF WY = BY MR. SINUNU: Q. George Rider? A. I don't know. ®. And the Health Hazards Committee, what did you understand -- do you have an understanding of what they are referring to as the Health Hazards Committee? A. No. Q. Do you know Local 12 to be the local in New York? I believe it is. And Local 32 is in Newark? I believe it is. op oF When you first became a journeyman were you aware of Dr. Selikoff's study of those two unions? A. No. Q. Was there a Health Hazards Committee in existence as part of the International union when you first joined the union? A. I don't know. Q. Would you look at February 1964. MR. SINUNU: I'll have that marked as... (Defendants' Exhibit J marked for Identification.) BY MR. SINUNU: Q. We have February 1964 magazine marked as 106 Aiken Welch Court Reporters S. Steele 8-21-09= oO OUlUlUOUN UD UN 107 Exhibit J, and does this appear to be "The Asbestos Worker" magazine from February 1964? MR. SOLOMON: Again, the witness is being invited to speculate. THE WITNESS: It appears to be. BY MR. SINUNU: Q. And the contents of the magazine are similar to the contents of the magazines that you've produced, correct? A. Yes. Q. And look at page 2 of the magazine, and it describes another Health Hazards program being set up by the Edmonton, Canada local. Do you see that? A. Yes. Q. Did you have any awareness of that program when you joined the union? A. No. Q. But you knew who Dr. Selikoff was? A. I heard of him. MR. SINUNU: November of 1964 is the next magazine, and we'll have that marked. (Defendants' Exhibit K marked for Identification.) BY MR. SINUNU: Aiken Welch Court Reporters S. Steele 8-21-09108 Q. And does this appear to be -- to you to be "The Asbestos Worker" magazine distributed by the International on or about that time? MR. SOLOMON: Objection. The question lacks foundation, seeks speculation from the witness. THE WITNESS: It appears to be. BY MR. SINUNU: Q. And looking at page 5 of that magazine, there is a five-page article, appears to be a reprint from an article by Dr. Selikoff entitled "Asbestos Exposure and Neoplasia.” You see that? MR. DAVIS: The document speaks for itself, Counsel. BY MR. SINUNU: QO. Do you see that? A. I do. Q. Did you ever see this article when you first joined the union? A. No, because I joined the union in '68. Q. Or a reprint of the article? A. No. Q. Or any discussion of asbestos exposure and cancer when you first joined the union? A. No. Aiken Weich Court Reporters S. Steele 8-21-09oclUcOWllUOUCUCUN CU OOOO CC BOON =~ = = 109 MR. SINUNU: Let's look at May 1967, have that marked. {Defendants' Exhibit L marked for Tdentification.) BY MR. SINUNU: Q@. I am showing you a document marked as Exhibit L, and does this appear to be "The Asbestos Worker” magazine from May 1967? MR. SOLOMON: Objection. Lacks foundation. Seeks speculation from the witness. MR. DAVIS: The document speaks for itself. THE WITNESS: It appears to be. BY MR. SINUNU: ©. And look at ~~ well, it's the page after page 19. It's not marked. The page is entitled "Further Notes on Health Hazards," and do you see that page contains a letter and questionnaire, do you see that? A. Yes. Q. It says, "The following letter and questionnaire have been forwarded to cur entire local union membership." Do you know what that means? MR. DAVIS: Objection. The document speaks for itself. BY MR. SINUNU: Aiken Welch Court Reporters S, Steele 8-21-09 L L L L L L :oO © O&O NN ODO Oo B&B WD KN nm DOR Nk SRBBRBGESEASBARSERK A Do you know what that means? A. I would think just what it says. Is that everybody in the union? MR. DAVIS: Objection. The document speaks for itself, and he can't interpret it or add to it or give you what you want there, Counsel. MR. SOLOMON: My objection is the question lacks foundation, seeks speculation from the witness. BY MR. SINUONU: Q. Did you ever see a questionnaire like this when you first joined the union? A. No. Q. The last paragraph on that page says, on the same page, "There will be a full listing of all approved masks and a discussion of their use and maintenance." When you first joined the union do you remember any discussion of approved masks and a discussion of their use and maintenance? A. No. Q. I'm going to go back to earlier magazines, I have some other questions, to the April '57. I think that's the very first magazine. (Discussion off the record.) MR. CULLOM: When you said "I'm going back" I Aiken Welch Court Reporters S. Steele 8-21-09oO © oO N DW oO RB WO NY = =a = — thought you had already marked it. MR. SINUNU: No, no, I had not marked it. MS. LUBINSKI: Counsel, this is Lubinski on the phone. What was the date for the last one we were just discussing? MR. SOLOMON: Exhibit L, May 1967. MS. LUBINSKI: Thank you. (Defendants' Exhibit M marked for Identification.) BY MR. SINUNU: Q. Now, we're going back to April 1957, and I know the cover page is a little bit rough, but does this appear to be a true and correct copy of an “Asbestos Worker" magazine from that date? MR. SOLOMON: Objection. Lacks foundation. Seeks him to speculate. THE WITNESS: It appears to be. BY MR. SINUNU: Q. And I want you to look -- let's see -- on page 21. Well, let's do this first, let's turn back to page 19 where it says "Western States." A. Yes. Q. And do these appear to be minutes from the Western States Conference that was held -- well, a 111 Aiken Welch Court Reporters S. Steele 8-21-09oO © oN DOD oO &® WN = = os a 112 couple months before? MR. SOLOMON: Objection. The question lacks foundation, seeks speculation from the witness. MR. DAVIS: The document speaks for itself. THE WITNESS: What was the question again? BY MR. SINUNU: Q. Do these appear to be the minutes from the Western States Conference that had been held a couple of months before this edition came out? A. They appear to be. Q. And you saw in the magazines that you produced minutes from the various regional conferences, did you not? A. Yes. Q. And so this -- this reproducing the minutes from the Western States is in the same manner as in the documents, "The Asbestos Worker" magazines that you produced, correct? MR. DAVIS: Counsel, you really are leading the witness. MR. SINUNU: Well, you don't want him ~- you are not stipulating to foundation. MR. DAVIS: Counsel, you have the story you want to tell, but you need to have a witness who has some knowledge of that story if you want -- and Aiken Welch Court Reporters S. Steele 8-21-09oOo WN OOO Re BOW NM ~~ = establish the proper foundation for leading questions Lf that's what you want to do. MR. CULLOM: Given the fact that this witness is a PMK, a hypothetical can be asked of this witness, and we are laying a foundation for those hypotheticals. MR. SOLOMON: Alli you are doing is sitting there, Freeman. MR. CULLOM: Weli, sitting is part of going to a deposition. If you want I will stand, but T don't see anything gained by that. MR. SOLOMON: But you are not establishing any foundation for anything. MR. SINUNU: We have somewhat limited time. MR. DAVIS: -~- legal authority for asking hypotheticals of a PMK witness. MR. CULLOM: So would I. BY MR. SINUNU: Q. Looking at page 13 -- how we doing here? Looking at page 19, it describes the attendees at that Western States Conference, and do you find the attendees from Local 16? A. Yes. Q. Okay. One is E.L. Morse. Who was he? MR. DAVIS: Objection. Foundation. And the document speaks for itself. You are 113 Aiken Welch Court Reporters S. Steele 8-21-09= Ny MN NM MY NY |= = B=& 2 Ba Ba A a aw ana £ Oo NM = OC © © NN MW OO RF Oo NY = O09 O DA nN DO HTH F&F W DN 114 asking the witness questions as to which he has no knowledge. MR. SINUNU: He'll have some knowledge. BY MR. SINUNU: QO. Or Holmes? MR. DAVIS: That's your assertion, but you need to ask foundational questions, first. BY MR. SINUNU: OQ. Or Holmes, you know who that is? A. I would assume that's Richard Holmes. Q. And he was one of the teachers at your apprentice school, correct? A. That's correct. Q. And so he was an attendee at this Western States Conference, at least as reported in this magazine, on February 9, 1957, correct? A. I would assume that's correct. QO. And then -- MR. SOLOMON: Move to strike as based on speculation by the witness. Excuse me. Don't interrupt me, please. Lack of foundation. Now you may proceed, sir. BY MR. SINUNU: Q. And it also mentions an A, Klimack? Aiken Welch Court Reporters S. Steele 8-21-09oo ON DO oO RF WwW NY = NR DM DN PR DP Re me we ae a F&F WO NY = O09 GO DN DO oO RF WO DY = A. Yes. Q. And who is that? MR. SOLOMON: Objection. Lacks foundation. Seeks speculation from the witness. THE WITNESS: I would assume that's Art Klimack. BY MR. STNUNO: Q. Art Klimack? MR. SOLOMON: Move to strike as based on speculation by the witness. BY MR. SINUNU: Q. And Art Klimack was also a teacher at your apprentice school, was he not? A. Yes. Qo Okay. And who is J.W. Kelly? A. I don't know. Q Do you know F. Seidler? A No. Q. When you joined the union did Art Klimack have a position with the union? A. Pardon me? Q. Did he have a position like Executive Board or an officer? A. Not that I know of. Q. To your knowledge, had he had positions before 115 Aiken Welch Court Reporters S. Steele 8-21-09 |oon Om RB WOH = N NM MY NY NY |& & SB BS BP Be Bw am BS BSR SBR BF GSAS GERESBAN TS that time? A. I'm going to say my last answer is I don't know, and I don't know your last question either. I don't know. Long time ago. Q. I understand. And how about Mr. Holmes, had he had positions in the union when you joined or before? A. TI don't know. Q. At any vate, it appears that they were delegates to this Western States Conference. MR. SOLOMON: Objection. The question is inviting the witness to speculation, lacks foundation of personal knowledge. MR. DAVIS: You are asking the witness a question of which he has no knowledge whatsoever, and I'll admonish him not to speculation. MR. ARMSTRONG: I'd just like to be fair on the record. You are saying that Local 16 has no knowledge of the Local 16 representatives in these meetings or are you saying this individual human being does not have any personal memory about that? MR. DAVIS: I will tell you that Local 16 has searched its records and produced what it has, and if your industry has killed off the people who has knowledge, then that's a consequence that your industry 116 Aiken Welch Court Reporters S. Steele 8-21-09_ oO o0 Om nN DO oO FF W DY just has to live with, Counsel. {Discussion off the record.) MR. SINUNU: Put unanimous joinder. MR. SOLOMON: It's not unanimous. MR. SINUNU: Except for Mr. Solomon who disagrees. BY MR. SINUNU: Q. Look at the bottom -- we're looking at page 21, the bottom of the middle column, the last paragraph, it says, "The problems of asbestosis and silicosis were discussed at large stemming from the report of Local 16 in which it was revealed that 11 members passed away this last year." Do you see that? A. Yes, I do. MR. DAVIS: Where are we? BY MR. SINUNU: Q. When you first joined the union were you made aware that 11 people had passed away from asbestosis or silicosis back in the late '50s? A. Not that I can remember. 9. And then it says, "A large number of the men have definite symptoms of the aforementioned hazards of our trade." Do you see that? 117 Aiken Welch Court Reporters S. Steele 8-21-09= oOo OWN DG hk WwW NY A. Yes. Q. When you first joined the union were you made aware of the people in your union who had lung conditions? A. Bless you. MS. WELLS: Thank you. MR. SOLOMON: Objection. Vague. THE WITNESS: I don't believe so. BY MR. SINUNU: Q. And again, this references President Sickles speaking, and as far as you understand he was the president of the International at that time? A. Yes. Q. And it says, "President Sickles stated further that the regulation requiring the companies to furnish safety equipment still holds." When you first joined the union did you know of any regulations requiring the companies to furnish safety equipment? MR. SOLOMON: Move to strike everything before "when" as being testimony of counsel. THE WITNESS: No. BY MR. SINUNU: Q. Let's look at the May 1959 “Asbestos Worker” magazine which I'll have marked next in order. 118 Aiken Weich Court Reporters S. Steele 8-21-09oo ON DOD oO FF Ww NY = = =k _ 119 (Defendants' Exhibit N marked for Identification.) MR. SOLOMON: May 1959, Exhibit N, as in nimble. BY MR. SINUNU: QO. Does looking at Exhibit N, does this appear to be "The Asbestos Worker" magazine from May 1959? MR. SOLOMON: Objection. The question lacks foundation, personal knowledge, seeks speculation from the witness. THE WITNESS: It appears to be. MR. SOLOMON: Move to strike, based on speculation by the witness. BY MR. SINUNU: Q. There are minutes from the Western States Conference beginning on page 20. Do you see that? A. Yes. Q. And those appear from the Western States Conference that was held on February 7, 1959. Now, looking at the next page, the first paragraph describes attendees from Local 16. Do you recognize the name Edward Pfleghaar, P-F-L-E-G-H-A-A-R? A. No. Aiken Welch Court Reporters S. Steele 8-21-09oO Oo ON DOD oO BR WwW NY = RDN ND DD waa f& WOW NY = OO 6 ON DO oT FF WY + MR. SOLOMON: Move to strike everything before “do you recognize the name" as being testimony of counsel. BY MR. SINUNU: QO. And R. Holmes, again, does that appear to be the name of the person who was your teacher? MR. DAVIS: Objection. Calls for speculation. There are no doubt many R. Holmes in this world. MR. SOLOMON: Lacks foundation of personal knowledge. MR. DAVIS: Counsel, I can understand that you are -- MR. SINUNU: What are the chances it could be a different one? MR. DAVIS: What are the chances? Could be pretty good. No guessing. MR. SINUNU: And A. Klimack, how many A. Klimacks are there? MR. DAVIS: I can't tell you. Don't know, but T'm not testifying. BY MR. SINUNU: Q. A. Klimack is again the person who -- at least the name of the person who taught you at your apprentice school? 120 Aiken Weich Court Reporters S. Steele 8-21-09 j { | } | { j i t i | | | ioOo Oo ON DO oO RF Ww NY = — > 121 A. Yes. Q@. And looking at the middle column, "Business Agent J.W. Kelly and delegates from Local 16 reported 361 members." Does that -- does that seem like that was the number of members on or about that date? MR. SOLOMON: Objection. The question entirely lacks foundation of personal knowledge, seeks speculation from the witne