This Tentative Ruling is made by Judge Jo-Lynne Q. Lee Defendant Parker-Hannifin Corporation's ("Parker-Hannifin") Motion for Summary Judgment is DENIED. Parker-Hannifin's Motion for Summary Adjudication of Plaintiffs' Claim for Punitive Damages is DENIED.

STANDARD OF LAW

"A party may move for summary judgment in an action or proceeding if it is contended that the action has no merit or that there is no defense to the action or proceeding." (CCP § 437c(a)(1).) "A party may move for summary adjudication as to one or more causes of action within an action, one or more affirmative defenses, one or more claims for damages, or one or more issues of duty, if the party contends that the cause of action has no merit, that there is no affirmative defense to the cause of action, that there is no merit to an affirmative defense as to any cause of action, that there is no merit to a claim for damages . . . , or that one or more defendants either owed or did not owe a duty to the plaintiff or pla