The Court issues the following ruling on the demurrer of defendants Appraisals, Inc. and Mark W. Johnson to the complaint of Mathias Ringstrom:

Preliminary Evidentiary Matters / Judicial Notice

Defendants Appraisals, Inc. and Mark W. Johnson's request for judicial notice is granted in part. The Court takes judicial notice of the existence of the documents, not of the truth of the matters stated therein.

Plaintiffs Evidentiary Objections to defendants A Plus Appraisals, Inc., and Mark W. Johnson's request for judicial notice of the matters specified as items 1-6, at objection numbers 1-6 are sustained.


Substantive Ruling

Defendants Appraisals, Inc. and Mark W. Johnson's demurrers to the fifth, sixth and seventh causes of action in plaintiffs' complaint are overruled.

Defendants Appraisals, Inc. and Mark W. Johnson are ordered to answer the complaint within 15 days of the date of this ruling.

Fifth cause of action for negligence

The elements required to state a cause of action f