Preview
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Exhibit 24
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SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK
COUNTY OF NEW YORK
NOMURA ASSET ACCEPTANCE
CORPORATION ALTERNATIVE LOAN Index No. 653390/2012
TRUST, SERIES 2006-S4, by HSBC
BANK USA, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, Part 60
in its capacity as Trustee, (Friedman, M.)
Plaintiff,
-against-
NOMURA CREDIT & CAPITAL, INC.,
Defendant.
AMENDED EXPERT REPORT OF ROBERT W. HUNTER
December 6, 2018
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 1
A. Scope of Work ...................................................................................................... 1
B. Summary of Opinions .......................................................................................... 3
C. Qualifications and Experience ............................................................................ 6
D. Compensation ..................................................................................................... 10
II. Trust Documents ............................................................................................................ 11
III. The Loans ....................................................................................................................... 12
IV. The Representations and Warranties .......................................................................... 13
A. Representation Regarding Rating Agency Information ................................ 15
B. Representation Regarding Fraud ..................................................................... 16
C. Representations Regarding Taxes, Assessments, and Insurance .................. 18
D. Representations Regarding Compliance with Applicable Law ..................... 19
E. Representation Regarding Material Default ................................................... 20
F. Representations Regarding Appraisals............................................................ 22
G. Representation Regarding Combined Loan-to-Value Ratio.......................... 23
H. Representation Regarding Underwriting Guidelines ..................................... 24
V. General Principles of Prudent and Sound Underwriting ........................................... 26
A. The Purpose of Underwriting ........................................................................... 26
B. Sound Underwriting Involves Evaluation of the Three C’s of Lending ....... 27
1. Character ................................................................................................ 27
2. Capacity .................................................................................................. 28
3. Collateral ................................................................................................ 31
C. Layered Risk....................................................................................................... 32
D. Underwriting Guidelines ................................................................................... 36
i
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1. Documentation Type, Income and Employment................................. 39
2. Assets ....................................................................................................... 46
3. Debts and Credit .................................................................................... 48
4. Collateral Property ................................................................................ 54
5. Occupancy .............................................................................................. 58
6. Insurance and Compliance With Applicable Laws ............................ 60
7. Exceptions and Compensating Factors ................................................ 63
8. Missing Documents ................................................................................ 65
VI. The Review of a Random Sample of Mortgage Loans from the Trust ..................... 67
A. Digital Risk Review ............................................................................................ 67
1. Third Party Sources ............................................................................... 68
B. Hunter and Staff Review ................................................................................... 71
C. Materiality Methodology ................................................................................... 76
VII. Conclusion ...................................................................................................................... 78
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EXPERT REPORT OF ROBERT W. HUNTER
I. Introduction
1. On March 18, 2013, HSBC Bank USA, National Association, solely in its capacity
as Trustee (the “Trustee”) of Nomura Asset Acceptance Corporation Alternative Loan Trust,
Series 2006-S4 (“NAAC 2006-S4” or the “Trust”), brought suit against Nomura Credit & Capital,
Inc. (“NCCI,” “Seller,” or “Defendant”). Based upon my review of the Complaint,1 I understand
that the Trustee alleges that Defendant breached two contracts that relate to the mortgage loans
in the Trust (the “Mortgage Loans”): (1) the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreement (“MLPA”)2
and (2) the Pooling and Servicing Agreement (“PSA”)3. I further understand that the Trustee
alleges that NCCI breached its representations and warranties in the MLPA and PSA relating to
the character and quality of the Mortgage Loans (the “Representations”) and thereafter failed to
cure or repurchase the breaching Loans after receipt of notice. The Representations are set forth
in Section 8 of the MLPA and are incorporated by reference in the PSA.4
A. Scope of Work
2. I was retained by McKool Smith PC (“McKool”), counsel for the Trustee, to provide
an expert opinion as to whether the Mortgage Loans that NCCI sold to the Trust breached one or
more of the Representations.
1
I understand that the operative complaint is the complaint filed on March 18, 2013.
2
The MLPA is between NCCI (as “Seller”) and Nomura Asset Acceptance Corporation (“NAAC”) (as
“Purchaser”). It is dated September 1, 2006 and was attached as Exhibit B to the Complaint.
3
The PSA is between the Trustee and NAAC (as “Depositor”), NCCI (as “Seller”), GMAC Mortgage Corporation
(as servicer), Ocwen Loan Servicing , LLC (as servicer), and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. (as securities administrator,
master servicer and custodian”). It is dated as of September 1, 2006 and was attached as Exhibit A to the
Complaint.
4
See Complaint at 1, n. 1; see PSA § 2.03(b)(vii) at page 57 (incorporating by reference the Representations set
forth in § 8 of the MLPA).
1
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3. My assignment was to conduct a re-underwriting review for a sample of Mortgage
Loans (the “Sample Loans” or the “Loans”) from the Trust, and to opine on whether those
Sample Loans breached one or more of the Representations.5 If I determined that a Loan
breached one or more of the Representations, I was asked to determine whether the breaches
“materially and adversely affect[] the value of any Mortgage Loan or the interest therein of the
Purchaser or the Purchaser’s assignee, transferee or designee.”6
4. McKool provided me with the following information: (i) the Complaint; (ii) the
MLPA; (iii) the PSA; (iv) the Offering Circular;7 (v) the Mortgage Loan Schedule (the “MLS”)
describing the Mortgage Loans purchased by NAAC;8 (vi) the loan-level detail files provided to
the Rating Agencies;9 (vii) the underwriting guidelines applicable to the Loans (the
“Underwriting Guidelines”); (viii) the mortgage loan files compiled during the loan origination
process (the “Origination Loan Files”); and (ix) the mortgage loan documents compiled for the
Loans during the loan servicing process (the “Servicing Loan Files,” together with the
Origination Loan Files, the “Loan Files”10). As part of my work, I reviewed the Loan Files,
Underwriting Guidelines, and the Representations made in the PSA and MLPA; researched the
properties that secured the Loans as well as the borrowers of the Loans; and considered relevant
5
This Amended Report differs from my original report only insofar as it incorporates the results of Dr. Kilpatrick’s
code update, and corrects the breach rate where non-material findings had been inadvertently included in the total.
6
MLPA § 9. As is described in greater detail below, pursuant to the MLPA, NCCI sold the Mortgage Loans in the
Trust to its affiliate, NAAC.Pursuant to the PSA, NAAC deposited the Mortgage Loans into the Trust and
conveyed the Mortgage Loans to the Trustee. Concurrently, NAAC also transferred and assigned to the Trustee its
rights under the MLPA. PSA § 2.01.
7
The Offering Circular is dated September 28, 2006 and was attached as Exhibit C to the Complaint.
8
The MLS was produced bearing the Bates number NOM_ZAMBEZIIV 00000001.The MLS is referenced in the
MLPA at § 2 at page 1. As described below, the data in the MLS includes the same or substantially similar loan
level details provided to rating agencies.
9
The loan level data provided to S&P was produced bearing the Bates number NOM_ZAMBEZIIII 01982260. The
loan level data provided to Moody’s was produced bearing the Bates number NOM_ZAMBEZIIV 01784012.
10
The Loan Files include documents created by the borrowers, lenders, underwriters, servicers, and third parties.
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supporting documents regarding the borrowers and property records. The documents that I have
considered and relied on in forming my opinions regarding the Loans are being produced with
this report to the extent not previously produced in the litigation.
5. To reach the opinions in this report, I directly supervised the re-underwriting review
of a random sample of 400 Loans from the Trust.11 This report details my work, findings, and
opinions regarding the review of those Loans.
B. Summary of Opinions
6. As I describe in greater detail below, it is my expert opinion that:
a. 367 of the Loans breached at least one Representation in a manner that, as of
the date of breach and continuously thereafter, has materially and adversely
affected the value of such Mortgage Loans or the interest therein of the
Purchaser or the Purchaser’s assignee, transferee or designee.12
b. 367 of the Loans were incorrectly described on loan level detail provided to
the Rating Agencies in a manner that, as of the date of breach and
continuously thereafter, has materially and adversely affected the value of
such Mortgage Loans or the interest therein of the Purchaser or the
Purchaser’s assignee, transferee or designee.13
c. 178 of the Loans contained at least one misrepresentation that demonstrated
fraud in the origination of the Loan in a manner that, as of the date of breach
and continuously thereafter, has materially and adversely affected the value of
11
I understand that the 400 loans were selected at random pursuant to a sampling exercise conducted by Karl N.
Snow, PhD, which I understand is described in Dr. Snow’s report, filed simultaneously with my own.
12
It is not my opinion that the other mortgage loans were properly underwritten or should have been included in the
Trust. Those loans may have also suffered from defects, but, in my opinion, those defects did not materially
adversely affects the value of the loans.
13
MLPA § 8(i) at page 8.
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such Mortgage Loans or the interest therein of the Purchaser or the
Purchaser’s assignee, transferee or designee.14
d. 131 of the Loans contained at least one misrepresentation that constituted a
material default under the corresponding Mortgage in a manner that, as of the
date of breach and continuously thereafter, has materially and adversely
affected the value of such Mortgage Loans or the interest therein of the
Purchaser or the Purchaser’s assignee, transferee or designee.15
e. 12 of the Loans breached representations and warranties relating to taxes,
assessments and insurance in a manner that, as of the date of breach and
continuously thereafter, has materially and adversely affected the value of
such Mortgage Loans or the interest therein of the Purchaser or the
Purchaser’s assignee, transferee or designee.16
f. 9 of the Loans did not comply with the applicable federal, state or local laws,
including but not limited to truth-in-lending requirements, in a manner that, as
of the date of breach and continuously thereafter, has materially and adversely
affected the value of such Mortgage Loans or the interest therein of the
Purchaser or the Purchaser’s assignee, transferee or designee. 17
g. 100 of the Loans did not satisfy the appraisal standards of Fannie Mae and
Freddie Mac in a manner that, as of the date of breach and continuously
thereafter, has materially and adversely affected the value of such Mortgage
14
MLPA §8(ii) at page 8.
15
MLPA § 8(xii) at pages 9-10.
16
MLPA § 8(iv) at page, (vi) at pages 8-9, and (xi) at page 9.
17
MLPA § 8(vii) at page 9.
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Loans or the interest therein of the Purchaser or the Purchaser’s assignee,
transferee or designee.18
h. 110 of the Loans had a combined loan-to-value (“CLTV”) ratio of more than
100%,19 which, as of the date of breach and continuously thereafter, has
materially and adversely affected the value of such Mortgage Loans or the
interest therein of the Purchaser or the Purchaser’s assignee, transferee or
designee.20
i. 367 of the Loans were not originated in compliance with the Underwriting
Guidelines in a manner that, as of the date of breach and continuously
thereafter, has materially and adversely affected the value of such Mortgage
Loans or the interest therein of the Purchaser or the Purchaser’s assignee,
transferee or designee.21
7. The materials I relied on in preparing this report are contained in the media
accompanying my report and are detailed in Exhibit C. A spreadsheet detailing my review of the
Sample Loans and the data underlying my review is included in Exhibit D. My opinions are
based on my review of the Loan Files, Underwriting Guidelines, re-underwriting results,
information provided to me, my independent research and my more than 40 years of experience
in the banking and mortgage industry. I reserve the right to amend, supplement, or revise my
opinions should new and material information become available to me.
18
MLPA § 8(xxvii) at page 11.
19
The CLTV ratio is the ratio of all of the loans secured by a property to the value of the property.
20
MLPA § 8(xxxiv) at page 12.
21
MLPA § 7(v) at pages 6-7.
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C. Qualifications and Experience
8. I have more than 40 years of experience in the financial services industry, primarily
in banking and mortgage lending. I have worked in every phase of mortgage lending, including
loan processing, loan underwriting, loan servicing, secondary marketing, and investment
management. I have underwritten all types of mortgage loans — both first and second
mortgages, including residential, multi-family, and commercial real estate. I have managed and
traded investment portfolios containing government-sponsored entity22 and private label23
securities composed of subordinate loans, non-performing loans, and prime quality residential
loans.24 I also have over six years of experience as a business consultant to institutions in the
banking and mortgage industry. I have performed credit due diligence on several acquisitions
and investment transactions, reviewed loan originations to identify possible origination fraud,
analyzed securities investment portfolios for a government-sponsored insurance company, and
served as the acting chief credit officer for a large savings and loan association.
9. I have been actively engaged in residential mortgage lending and related work since
1972. Between 1972 and 1982, I worked for Freedom Federal Savings and Loan Association,
then the largest savings and loan association in New England. At Freedom Federal, I served as
the bank’s senior residential loan underwriter and held ultimate approval authority on all
residential loans. My job responsibilities included loan origination, underwriting, and loan
22
Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae”) and Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“Freddie
Mac”) are government-sponsored entities formed to stabilize the U.S. residential mortgage market. They guarantee
and purchase loans from mortgage lenders that conform to the criteria that they have established.
23
Private label mortgage backed securities are those that are not guaranteed or issued by government-sponsored
entities Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. The credit risk associated with these securities is typically rated by credit
rating agencies such as Moody’s and Standard & Poor’s and those ratings are relied upon by investors.
24
A loan that is originated where the borrower has a high credit quality is classified as a prime loan.
A subordinated
loan is a junior debt which the lender can satisfy only after other, senior debts are satisfied.
A non-performing loan
is a loan on which the borrower is not making any interest payments or repaying any principal.
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servicing. In 1976, I started the bank’s secondary marketing activity. I originated, issued, and
sold one of the first Government National Mortgage Association (“Ginnie Mae”)25 multi-family
securities issued by a New England lender. In 1980, I initiated the bank’s loan sales to Fannie
Mae.
10. In 1982, Freedom Federal merged with Northeast Savings, F.A., one of the top ten
largest savings and loan associations in the country, where I worked until 1990. At Northeast
Savings, I served as the senior mortgage investment manager and managed the residential
mortgage portfolio. I was responsible for buying, selling, and trading all types of mortgage
related investments, including mortgage loans, residential mortgage backed securities (“RMBS”)
issued by government-sponsored entities (so-called “agency RMBS”), and by private actors (so-
called “private-label RMBS”). I also directed the in-house team that reviewed loan purchases
and negotiated the bank’s relationship with large mortgage banking companies. While
overseeing Northeast Savings’ loan commitment program, I created the bank’s loan quality
standards, as well as pricing and product guidelines.
11. In September 1991, I joined Shannon Hunter Advisors, a wholly-owned subsidiary
of First Commonwealth Savings Bank. At Shannon Hunter, I was responsible for the analysis,
pricing, and trading of portfolios of residential loans and commercial real estate acquired for the
parent company’s balance sheet and also for trading in the secondary market. I was also
responsible for mitigating losses on under-performing or non-performing assets.
12. In June 1994, I joined Crestar Bank. As the senior mortgage portfolio manager, I
was responsible for managing the portfolio of mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities and
25
Ginnie Mae is a government-owned corporation within the Department of Housing and Urban Development that
guarantees mortgage-backed securities created by approved issuers and backed by mortgages covered by other
federal programs.
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the portfolio of residential whole loans, and I negotiated the bank’s purchase and sale of all
mortgage-related assets. I also served as the portfolio liaison to the Credit Review group on
bank acquisitions, responsible for reviewing the portfolio credit quality, negotiating the terms
and conditions of purchase and sales agreements including representations and warranties both as
a buyer and seller, and establishing the bank’s acquisition price and loan loss reserve analysis. I
developed a credit quality program to analyze and quantify the risk characteristics of loan
acquisitions and sales. I also initiated the bank’s entry into residential asset backed security
investing, working with our credit managers to set up investment and portfolio characteristics. In
January 1999, Crestar merged with SunTrust Bank. After the merger, I was responsible for
managing the Crestar residential loan portfolio activities.
13. In March 2001, I joined Treasury Bank, NA, a subsidiary of Countrywide
Industries,26 which subsequently changed its name to Countrywide Financial Corporation. I
served as Chief Credit Officer (“CCO”), responsible for managing the company’s mortgage
credit risk on both first and second mortgages, including all portfolio reporting, credit quality
management, loan servicing oversight, and vendor management. As CCO, I set up and managed
the bank’s loan loss reserve methodology. As part of my responsibilities, I also set up and
managed Treasury Bank’s Credit Quality Group, which reviewed all loan originations, including
first and second mortgages and home equity lines of credit (“HELOCs”) for compliance with
bank credit requirements. The Credit Quality Group conducted monthly reviews of a random
and adverse sample of all loan acquisitions and reviewed loans for credit and regulatory
26
Although Treasury Bank was an affiliate of Countrywide Mortgage, its activities were separate. Treasury Bank
was supervised by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, and I understand that the activities between
Treasury Bank and Countrywide Mortgage were subject to specific restrictions and approval under Sections 23A
and 23B of the Federal Reserve Act. Treasury Bank did not securitize residential mortgage loans, but rather
originated loans for its own portfolio.To the best of my knowledge, while I was employed at Treasury Bank the
loans that I managed were not securitized or sold.
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compliance. When necessary, the Credit Quality Group also tried to remediate non-performing
loans with the loan sellers or arrange for the repurchase of those loans.
14. In 2005, after I left Treasury Bank, I provided consulting services to a community
development bank, City First Bank. I helped the bank revise its commercial loan processing and
credit monitoring systems. I also assisted the bank in changing its appraisal review process to
comply with applicable regulatory guidelines. I worked for City First Bank again from 2007 to
2008 to revise its credit and loan loss reserve methodology to comply with new commercial real
estate loan guidance from the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency. In the interim, in 2006,
I served as the acting Chief Credit Officer of a $50 billion thrift institution, ING Direct, helping
the bank set up a revised portfolio review process and reviewing new products and loan loss
models. Additionally, beginning in 2006 and continuing through 2007, I worked with DirecTex
Holdings, a Texas-based group that was applying to the Office of Thrift Supervision for approval
to transfer the charter of a bank to a new group. I was the designated Chief Risk Manager,
responsible for setting up the bank risk management infrastructure. In 2007, and starting again
in 2012, I worked with Hilltop Advisors on several projects, including conducting a loan review
and pricing analysis of a portfolio of distressed residential loans. With Hilltop Advisors, I also
managed the review of a large mortgage company’s quality control and underwriting processes.
15. In 2008, I joined Amherst Holdings, the holding company for Amherst Securities, a
regional broker-dealer that specializes in mortgage-related investments. At Amherst, I
specialized in mortgage and credit related projects, working with proprietary credit analytics. I
also worked on Amherst’s preliminary reviews and analyses of breaches of representations and
warranties relating to mortgage loans backing RMBS.
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16. I have been a frequent speaker on mortgage industry panels. I graduated from the
Mortgage Bankers Association’s School of Mortgage Banking and have received the MBA’s
professional designation of Master Certified Mortgage Banker (“CMB®”), reflecting
competency in all issues relating to both commercial and residential real estate finance. I have
an M.B.A. in Finance from Clark University and a B.A. in Political Science from Assumption
College.
17. In January 2013, I began consulting on litigation-related matters concerning the
securitization of mortgage loans. I have been engaged as an expert witness by RMBS investors
in several lawsuits involving the underwriting of residential mortgages and potential breaches of
contractual representations and warranties. I also have been qualified as an expert in federal
court and testified in the FHFA v. Nomura trial before Judge Cote in 2015.27
18. A copy of my curriculum vitae, which contains a summary of my professional and
educational experience and a list of all actions in which I have been disclosed as an expert
witness in the last four years, is attached as Exhibit A to this report. A list of all of my
publications is attached as Exhibit B.
D. Compensation
19. I am being compensated for my work in this engagement at a rate of $ per hour
for review related tasks, $ per hour for report writing, and $ per hour for time related to
deposition or court testimony. I am also reimbursed for actual, reasonable travel and out-of-
pocket expenses. The payment of my fees is not contingent upon the opinions I render or the
outcome of this litigation. My opinion has not been affected in any way by the compensation
27
See Federal Housing Finance Agency v. Nomura Holding America, Inc. et al., 104 F. Supp. 3d 441, 522 & 531
(S.D.N.Y. 2015) (“Nomura Opinion & Order”), where Judge Cote described my review as “holistic” and “careful.”
The Second Circuit’s decision affirming Judge Cote’s decision includes an extended discussion of my testimony in
which it agrees with Judge Cote’s conclusions crediting my analysis. See, Fed. Hous. Fin. Agency v. Nomura
Holding Am., Inc., __ F. 3d __ (2nd Circuit, Sept. 28, 2017), slip opinion at 110-120.
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that I have received. I have been assisted in this review by my team of senior loan reviewers.
Shannon Hunter Advisors LLC is compensated between $ and $ per hour for the work
they perform, based on the experience of the reviewer. The payment of fees for these senior loan
reviewers working with me is also not contingent upon the opinions rendered in this case or the
outcome of this litigation.
II. Trust Documents
20. The MLPA, dated September 1, 2006, sets forth the terms and conditions pursuant to
which NCCI sold, and NAAC purchased, the Mortgage Loans that were eventually transferred to
the Trust. The MLPA establishes NCCI’s repurchase obligations for breaches of
Representations that “materially and adversely affect[] the value of any Mortgage Loan or the
interest therein of the Purchaser or the Purchaser’s assignee, transferee or designee.”28 Pursuant
to the MLPA, those repurchase obligations are unaffected by NCCI’s lack of knowledge as to the
inaccuracy of any Representation, where the inaccuracy “materially and adversely affects the
value of the related Mortgage Loan or the interest therein of the Purchaser or the Purchaser’s
assignee, transferee or designee.”29 Therefore, for loans where I discovered material breaches,
any lack of knowledge of the breach on the part of NCCI is irrelevant to my conclusion.
21. The PSA, dated as of September 1, 2006, provides that the Closing Date of the
securitization is September 28, 2006,30 and sets forth the rights and responsibilities of NAAC,
NCCI, the Trustee, and other parties to that agreement. Pursuant to the PSA, NCCI sold its
rights and interests in the Trust Fund to NAAC, and NAAC simultaneously transferred those
28
MLPA § 9 at pages 13-14.
29
MLPA § 9 at pages 13-14.
30
PSA § 1.01 at page 22, § 2.08 at page 64.
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rights and interests to the Trustee.31 Those rights and interests include NAAC’s rights under the
MLPA.32
22. NCCI made the Representations in Section 7 and 8 of the MLPA, as described more
fully below. In Section 2.03 of the PSA, NCCI warranted that the “representations and
warranties set forth in Section 8 of the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreement are true and correct
as of the Closing Date,”33 and made additional representations as well that are not relevant to this
report.
III. The Loans
23. There were 4,712 Mortgage Loans included in the Trust, with an aggregate
balance of approximately $253,912,479.87 as of September 1, 2006,34 most of which were
originated in 2005 and 2006.35 The Mortgage Loans are comprised of closed-end, fixed-rate,
second-lien mortgages, originated by various entities.36 The principal originators of the
Mortgage Loans were IndyMac Bank and First National Bank of Nevada,37 with the remainder
originated or acquired by, among others, Equifirst Corporation, First Horizon Home Loan
Corporation, Aegis Wholesale Corporation, and Baltimore American Mortgage Corporation.
The Mortgage Loans were originated under various documentation programs, described in more
detail below, and ranging from full documentation programs to so-called “no documentation”
31
PSA § 2.01 at pages 50-52.
32
PSA § 1.01at page 48 (providing that corpus of the Trust Fund consists of the Mortgage Loans as well as NAAC’s
rights under the MLPA).
33
PSA § 2.03(vii) at page 57.
34
Offering Circular at page 28.
35
See NOM_ZAMBEZIIV 00000001.
36
Offering Circular at page 28.
37
On June 30, 2008, First National Bank of Arizona, an affiliate of the First National Bank of Nevada, was merged
into the bank. https://www.occ.treas.gov/news-issuances/news-releases/2008/nr-occ-2008-87.html.
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programs,38 which nonetheless still require the underwriter to verify various aspects of the
borrower’s credit risk profile. Among other characteristics, the Mortgage Loans included loans
issued to finance a purchase transaction as well as to refinance property the borrower already
owned, and were secured by both owner occupied as well as non-owner occupied properties, as
described below.
IV. The Representations and Warranties
24. The Mortgage Loans in the Trust were sold by NCCI under the MLPA. The
MLPA included a set of representations and warranties that NCCI made about the Mortgage
Loans at the time they were sold. Those representations and warranties were detailed in Section
8 of the MLPA,39 and were declared to be “true and correct as of the Closing Date” of the
securitization, as referenced in Section 2.03(b)(vii) of the PSA.40 NCCI also made general
representations and warranties in Section 7 of the MLPA which impact the Mortgage Loans, for
example, concerning the enforceability of the MLPA (§7(ii)), the truth of the statements
contained within the MLPA and related documents (§7(v)), and the ability of NCCI to perform
the covenants contained within the MLPA (§7(vi)). McKool asked me to review specific
Mortgage Loans to determine if those Loans complied with the representations and warranties
made in both Section 7 and Section 8 of the MLPA.
25. In the mortgage industry, it is standard practice for a seller of loans to make
representations and warranties about the loans that it is selling to the buyer. The seller of the
loans has access to information about each loan, including detailed mortgage loan files and
information about how those loans were underwritten. The seller also has the ability to ensure
38
Offering Circular at pages 40-41.
39
MLPA § 8, pages 8-12. .
40
See PSA at page 57.
CONFIDENTIAL 13
FILED: NEW YORK COUNTY CLERK 08/04/2022 05:10 PM INDEX NO. 650337/2013
NYSCEF DOC. NO. 1892 RECEIVED NYSCEF: 08/04/2022
that information about the loans that it is providing to the buyer is accurate. The seller has
performed, or should have performed, a thorough “due diligence” review of the loans that it is
selling. In some cases, especially for loans that are securitized, the buyers of loans do not have
access to the detailed mortgage loan files and other information about the loans. Instead of
undertaking a review of the loans to determine if they are correctly described by the seller,
buyers rely on the representations and warranties that are made by loan sellers. If a loan does not
comply with the representations and warranties, the seller is required to cure the breach or
repurchase the loan. 41
26. The representations and warranties made by the seller identify certain basic
characteristics that are present in each loan, or conditions and criteria that each loan must meet.
These representations and warranties provide a collective baseline for the attributes of each loan.