Ohio Administrative Code|Rule 4123:1-3-10 | Scaffolding.

                                                
(A) Reserved.
(B) Definitions.
(1) "Bearer" means a horizontal member of a scaffold
			 upon which the platform rests and which may be supported by
			 ledgers.
(2) "Boatswain's chair" means a seat supported
			 by slings attached to a suspended rope, designed to accommodate one employee in
			 a sitting position.
(3) "Brace" means a tie that holds one scaffold
			 member in a fixed position with respect to another member.
(4) "Bricklayer's square scaffold" means a
			 scaffold the platform of which is supported on built-up squares secured to each
			 other by full and continuous diagonal bracing.
(5) "Carpenter's bracket scaffold" means a
			 scaffold the platform of which is supported on triangular braced brackets
			 fastened to the side of the structure.
(6) "Chimney, stack, or tank bracket scaffold" means
			 a scaffold composed of a platform supported by wood or steel brackets, hooked
			 over a steel wire rope which surrounds the circumference of the chimney, stack,
			 or tank.
(7) "Coupler" means a device for locking together the
			 component parts of a tubular metal scaffold.
(8) "Double pole or independent pole scaffold" means
			 a scaffold supported from the base by a double row of uprights, independent of
			 support from the walls and constructed of uprights, ledgers, horizontal
			 platform bearers, and diagonal bracing.
(9) "Elevating assembly" means a mechanical,
			 hydraulic, or other type of mechanism used to elevate and lower a work
			 platform.
(10) "Float or ship
			 scaffold" means a scaffold hung from overhead supports by means of ropes
			 and consisting of a platform having diagonal bracing underneath, resting upon
			 and fastened to two parallel plank bearers at right angles to the
			 span.
(11) "Foot scaffold"
			 means a scaffold used to give additional height, the platform of which does not
			 exceed eighteen inches above the supporting surface.
(12) "Heavy duty
			 scaffold" means a scaffold designed and constructed to carry a working
			 load in excess of fifty pounds but no more than seventy-five pounds per square
			 foot.
(13) "Horizontal wire
			 rope supported scaffold" means a scaffold the platform of which is
			 supported at two or more points by horizontal wire ropes.
(14) "Horse
			 scaffold" means a scaffold or light or medium duty, composed of saw
			 horses supporting a work platform.
(15) "Interior hung
			 scaffold" means a scaffold suspended from the ceiling or roof
			 structure.
(16) "Ladder jack
			 scaffold" means a light duty scaffold supported by brackets attached to
			 ladders.
(17) "Lean to, or shore,
			 scaffold", use prohibited (see paragraph (C)(16) of this rule), means
			 scaffold the platform of which is supported on members consisting of a putlog
			 or bearer, knee braced to two diverging inclined legs that are in a plane
			 substantially transverse to the putlog and that support the outer end of the
			 putlog or bearer, while the inner end of the bearer or putlog rests on or
			 against the structure or on a bearing block attached to the
			 structure.
(18) "Ledgers" or
			 "stringers" means a horizontal scaffold member which extends from
			 post to post at right angles to the putlogs or bearers, supports the putlogs or
			 bearers, and forms a tie between the posts and becomes a part of the scaffold
			 bracing.
(19) "Light duty
			 scaffold" means a scaffold designed and constructed to carry a working
			 load of no more than twenty-five pounds per square foot.
(20) "Manually propelled
			 mobile scaffold" means a portable rolling scaffold equipped with
			 casters.
(21) "Mason's
			 adjustable multiple-point suspension scaffold" means a scaffold having a
			 continuous platform supported by bearers suspended by wire rope from overhead
			 supports, so arranged and operated as to permit the raising or lowering of the
			 platform to desired working positions.
(22) "Maximum rated
			 load" means the total of all loads including the working load, the weight
			 of the scaffold, and such other loads as may be reasonably
			 anticipated.
(23) "Medium duty
			 scaffold" means a scaffold designed and constructed to carry a working
			 load in excess of twenty-five pounds but no more than fifty pounds per square
			 foot.
(24) "Needle beam
			 scaffold" means a cantilevered light duty scaffold consisting of two
			 parallel horizontal beam called needle beams supporting a
			 platform.
(25) "Outrigger
			 scaffold" means a scaffold supported by outriggers or thrustouts
			 projecting beyond the wall or face of the building or structure, the inboard
			 ends of which are secured inside the wall or face of such building or
			 structure.
(26) "Pick, or kick,
			 plank" means a platform, similar in construction to a narrow ladder with
			 light decking strung upon and attached to the rungs, which rests upon
			 horizontal and parallel stringers, or other bearers, and is movable along the
			 course of the stringer.
(27) "Platform"
			 means the temporary flat working surface used to support employees, material,
			 and equipment.
(28) "Putlog" means
			 a scaffold member upon which the platform rests (also see
			 "bearer").
(29) "Runner" means
			 the lengthwise horizontal bracing or bearing members, or both.
(30) "Scaffold"
			 means any temporary elevated platform and its supporting structure used for
			 supporting employees, materials, or equipment.
(31) "Single-point
			 adjustable suspension scaffold" means a manually or power operated unit
			 designed for light duty use, supported by a single wire rope from an overhead
			 support so arranged and operated as to permit the raising or lowering of
			 platform to desired working positions.
(32) "Single-pole
			 scaffold" means platforms resting on putlogs or cross beams, the outside
			 ends of which are supported on ledgers secured to a single row of posts or
			 uprights, and the inner ends of which are supported on or in a
			 wall.
(33) "Stack bracket
			 scaffold" - see "chimney bracket scaffold".
(34) "Suspended
			 scaffold" means a scaffold supported from above, the platform of which is
			 supported at more than two points from overhead outriggers which are fastened
			 to the framework of the structure.
(35) "Tank bracket
			 scaffold" - see "chimney bracket scaffold".
(36) "Tube and coupler
			 scaffold" means an assembly consisting of tubing which serves as posts,
			 bearers, braces, ties, and runner, a base supporting the posts, and special
			 couplers which serve to connect the uprights and to join the various
			 members.
(37) "Tubular welded
			 frame scaffold" means a sectional panel or frame metal scaffold built up
			 of prefabricated welded sections which consists of posts and horizontal bearers
			 with intermediate members.
(38) "Two-point
			 suspension scaffold" or "swinging scaffold" means a scaffold the
			 platform of which is supported by stirrups or hangers at two points to permit
			 raising or lowering, suspended from overhead supports.
(39) "Window jack
			 scaffold" means a scaffold the platform of which is supported by a jack or
			 thrustout which projects through a window opening.
(40) "Working load"
			 means the load on the scaffold imposed by employees, material, and
			 equipment.
(C) General requirements for all scaffolds.
See appendix to this rule for examples of various
		  scaffolds mentioned throughout this rule.
(1) The footing or
			 anchorage for scaffolds shall be sound, rigid, and capable of supporting the
			 load without settling or displacement. Unstable or loose objects shall not be
			 used to support scaffolds.
(2) Scaffolds and their components shall be capable of
			 supporting without failure no less than four times the maximum rated
			 load.
(3) Any scaffold including accessories, such as braces,
			 brackets, trusses, screw legs, ladders, etc., damaged or weakened from any
			 cause shall be immediately repaired or replaced.
(4) Guardrails and toeboards.
Standard guardrails and toeboards shall be
			 installed on all open sides and ends of platforms more than ten feet above the
			 ground or floor, except on needle beam scaffolds and floats.
(5)  Where employees are required to work or
			 pass under the scaffold, each employee shall be provided with additional
			 protection from falling hand tools, debris, and other small objects through the
			 installation of toeboards, screens, or guardrail systems, or through the
			 erection of debris nets, catch platforms, or canopy structures that contain or
			 deflect the falling objects. When the objects are too large, heavy or massive
			 to be contained or deflected by any of the above-listed measures, the employer
			 shall place such potential falling objects away from the edge of the surface
			 from which they could fall and shall secure those materials as necessary to
			 prevent their falling.
(6) Nails provided for the construction of scaffolds shall be
			 no less than eight-penny common.
(7) All planking shall be "Scaffold Grade," or
			 equivalent, as recognized by approved grading rules for the species of wood
			 used.
(8) All planking of platforms shall be overlapped a minimum of
			 twelve inches or secured from movement.
(9) An access ladder or equivalent safe access shall be
			 provided for all scaffolds.
(10) Scaffold planks shall
			 extend over end supports no less than six inches and no more than twelve
			 inches.
(11) The poles, legs, or
			 uprights of scaffolds shall be plumb and securely and rigidly braced to prevent
			 swaying and displacement.
(12) Overhead protection shall
			 be provided for employees on a scaffold exposed to hazards from
			 overhead.
(13) Reasonable care shall be
			 taken to maintain all scaffold surfaces free of debris and slippery
			 substances.
(14) No welding, burning,
			 riveting, or open flame work shall be performed on any scaffolding suspended by
			 means of fiber or synthetic rope. Only fiber or synthetic ropes, properly
			 treated or protected, shall be used for or near any work involving the use of
			 corrosive substances or chemicals.
(15) Wire, synthetic, or fiber
			 rope used for scaffold suspension shall be capable of supporting no less than
			 six times the maximum rated load.
(16) The use of shore or
			 lean-to scaffolds is prohibited.
(17) When there is danger of
			 material being hoisted striking against the scaffold, a tag line shall be
			 provided.
(18) The free ends of fall
			 lines from scaffolds shall be guarded.
(D) Wood pole scaffolds.
See appendix to this rule for examples of wood
		  pole scaffolds.
(1) Scaffold poles
			 shall bear on a foundation of sufficient size and strength to spread the load
			 from the pole over a sufficient area to prevent settlement. All poles shall be
			 set plumb.
(2) Where poles are spliced, the ends shall be squared and the
			 upper section shall rest squarely on the lower section. Wood splice plates
			 shall be provided on no less than two adjacent sides and shall be no less than
			 four feet in length, overlapping the abutted ends equally, and have the same
			 width and no less than the cross-sectional area of the pole. Splice plates or
			 other materials of equivalent strength may be used.
(3) Independent pole scaffolds shall be set as near to the wall
			 of the building as practicable.
(4) All pole scaffolds shall be securely guyed or tied to the
			 building or structure. Where the height or length exceeds twenty-five feet, the
			 scaffold shall be secured at intervals no greater than twenty-five feet
			 vertically and horizontally.
(5) Putlogs or bearers shall be set with the greater dimension
			 vertical, long enough to project over the ledgers of the inner and outer rows
			 of poles no less than three inches for proper support.
(6) Every wooden putlog on single pole scaffolds shall be
			 reinforced with a three-sixteenths - by two-inch steel strip, or equivalent,
			 secured to its lower edge throughout its entire length.
(7) Ledgers shall be long enough to extend over two pole
			 spaces. Ledgers shall not be spliced between the poles. Ledgers shall be
			 reinforced by bearing blocks securely fastened to the side of the pole to form
			 a support for the ledger.
(8) Diagonal bracing shall be provided to prevent the poles
			 from moving in a direction parallel with the wall of the building, and from
			 buckling.
(9) Cross bracing shall be provided between the inner and outer
			 sets of poles in independent pole scaffolds. The free ends of pole scaffolds
			 shall be cross braced.
(10) Full diagonal face
			 bracing shall be erected across the entire face of pole scaffolds in both
			 directions. The braces shall be spliced only at the poles. The inner row of
			 poles on medium and heavy duty scaffolds shall be braced in similar
			 manner.
(11) Platform planks shall be
			 laid with their edges butted together so the platform shall be tight with no
			 spaces through which tools or fragments of material can fall.
(12) Where planking is lapped,
			 each plank shall lap its end support no less than twelve inches. Where the ends
			 of planks abut each other to form a flush floor, the butt joint shall be at the
			 centerline of a pole. The abutted ends shall rest on separate bearers.
			 Intermediate beams shall be provided where necessary to prevent dislodgment of
			 planks due to deflection, and the ends shall be secured to prevent their
			 dislodgment.
(13) When a scaffold
			 materially changes its direction, the platform planks shall be laid to prevent
			 tipping. The planks that meet the corner putlog at an angle shall be laid
			 first, extending over the diagonally placed putlog far enough to have a good
			 safe bearing, but not far enough to involve any danger from tipping. The
			 planking running in the opposite direction at an angle shall be laid so as to
			 extend over and rest on the first layer of planking.
(14) When moving platforms to
			 the next level, the old platform shall be left undisturbed until the new
			 putlogs or bearers have been set in place, ready to receive the platform
			 planks.
(15) All wood pole scaffolds
			 sixty feet or less in height shall be constructed and erected in accordance
			 with "Tables 10-1 to 10-6." If they are over sixty feet in height,
			 they shall be designed by a professional engineer competent in this field, and
			 shall be constructed and erected in accordance with such design.
Table 10-1. Minimum nominal size and maximum
			 spacing of members of single-pole scaffolds - light duty.
Maximum height ofscaffold
20 ft.
60 ft.
Uniformly distributed load
Not to exceed 25 p.s.f.
Poles oruprights
2 x 4in.
4 x 4in.
Pole spacing (longitudinal)
6 ft. 0 in.
10 ft. 0 in.
Maximum width ofscaffold
5 ft.0 in.
5 ft. 0in.
Bearers or putlogs to 3 ft. 0 in. width
2 x 4 in.
2 x 4 in.
Bearers or putlogs to 5 ft.0 in. width
2x 6 in. or 3 x 4 in.
2 x 6 in. or 3 x 4 in. (rough).
Ledgers
1 x 4 in.
1 1/4 x 9 in.
Planking
1 1/4 x 9 in. (rough)
2 x 10 in.
Vertical spacing ofhorizontal members
7 ft. 0 in.
9 ft. 0 in.
Bracing, horizontal anddiagonal
1 x 4in.
1 x 4in.
Tie-ins
1 x 4 in.
1 x 4 in.
Toeboards
4 in. high (minimum)
4 in. high(minimum).
 Guardrails
2 x 4 in.
2 x 4 in.
All members except planking shall be used on
			 edge.
Table 10-2. Minimum nominal size and maximum
			 spacing of members of single-pole scaffolds - medium duty.
Uniformly distributed load.
Not to exceed 50p.s.f.
Maximum height of scaffolds.
60 ft.
Poles oruprights
4 x 4in.
Pole spacing (longitudinal).
8 ft. 0 in.
Maximum width ofscaffold.
5ft. 0 in.
Bearers or putlogs
2 x 10 in. or 3 x 4in.
Spacing of bearers or putlogs.
8 ft. 0 in.
Ledgers
2 x 10 in.
Vertical spacing ofhorizontal members.
7 ft. 0 in.
Bracing, horizontal
1 x 6 in. or 1 1/4 x 4in.
Bracing, diagonal
1 x 4 in.
Tie-ins
1 x 4 in.
Planking
2 x 10in.
Toeboards
4 in. high (minimum).
 Guardrails
2 x 4in.
All members except planking shall be used on
			 edge.
Table 10-3. Minimum nominal size and maximum
			 spacing of members of single-pole scaffolds - heavy duty.
Uniformly distributedload.
Not toexceed 75 p.s.f.
Maximum height of scaffold.
60 ft.
Poles oruprights
4 x 6in.
Pole spacing (longitudinal).
6 ft. 0 in.
Maximum width ofscaffold.
5ft. 0 in.
Bearers or putlogs
2 x 10 in. or 3 x 5in.
Spacing of bearers or putlogs.
6 ft. 0 in.
Ledgers
2 x 10 in.
Vertical spacing ofhorizontal members.
6 ft. 6 in.
Bracing, horizontal and diagonal.
2 x 4in.
Tie-ins
1 x 4 in.
Planking
2 x 10 in.
Toeboards
4 in. high (minimum).
 Guardrails
2 x 4in.
All members except planking shall be used on
			 edge.
Table 10-4. Minimum nominal size and maximum
			 spacing of members of independent pole scaffold - light duty.
Maximum height ofscaffold
20ft.
60ft.
Uniformly distributed load
Not to exceed 25 p.s.f.
Poles oruprights
2 x 4in.
4 x 4in.
Pole spacing (longitudinal)
6 ft. 0 in.
10 ft. 0 in.
Pole spacing(transverse)
6ft. 0 in.
10ft. 0 in.
Ledgers
1 1/4 x 4 in.
1 1/4 x 9 in.
Bearers to 3 ft. 0 in. span
2 x 4 in.
2 x 4in.
Bearers to 10 ft. 0 in. span
2 x 6 in. or 3 x 4 in.
2 x 10 (rough) or 3 x 8in.
Planking
1 1/4 x 9 in.
2 x 10 in.
Vertical spacing of horizontal members
7 ft. 0 in.
7 ft. 0in.
Bracing, horizontal and diagonal
1 x 4 in.
1 x 4in.
Tie-ins
1 x 4 in.
1 x 4 in.
Toeboards
4 in. high
4 in. high(minimum)
 Guardrails
2 x 4 in.
2 x 4 in.
All members except planking shall be used on
			 edge.
Table 10-5. Minimum nominal size and maximum
			 spacing of members of independent pole scaffolds - medium duty.
Uniformly distributedload.
Not toexceed 50 p.s.f.
Maximum height of scaffold.
60 ft.
Poles oruprights
4 x 4in.
Pole spacing (longitudinal).
8 ft. 0 in.
Pole spacing(transverse).
8 ft. 0 in.
Ledgers
2 x 10 in.
Vertical spacing of horizontal members.
6 ft. 0in.
Spacing of bearers
8 ft. 0 in.
Bearers
2 x 10 in.
Bracing,horizontal
1 x6 in. or 1 1/4 x 4 in.
Bracing, diagonal
1 x 4 in.
Tie-ins
1 x 4 in.
Planking
2 x 10 in.
Toeboards
4 in. high (minimum).
 Guardrails
2 x 4in.
All members except planking shall be used on
			 edge.
Table 10-6. Minimum nominal size and maximum
			 spacing of members of independent pole scaffold - heavy duty.
Uniformly distributedload.
Not toexceed 75 p.s.f.
Maximum height of scaffold.
60 ft.
Poles oruprights
4 x 4in.
Pole spacing (longitudinal).
6 ft. 0 in.
Pole spacing(transverse).
8 ft. 0 in.
Ledgers
2 x 10 in.
Vertical spacing of horizontal members.
6 ft. 0in.
Bearers
2 x 10 in. (rough).
Bracing, horizontal anddiagonal.
2 x4 in.
Tie-ins
1 x 4 in.
Planking
2 x 10 in.
Toeboards
4 in. high (minimum).
 Guardrails
2 x 4in.
All members except planking shall be used on
			 edge.
(E) Tube and coupler scaffolds.
(1) The material
			 used for couplers shall be of a structural type, such as drop-forged steel,
			 malleable iron, or structural grade aluminum.
(2) A light duty tube and coupler scaffold shall have all
			 posts, bearers, runners, and bracing of nominal two-inch outside-diameter
			 (O.D.) steel tubing. The posts shall be spaced no more than six feet apart in
			 width and ten feet apart in length. Other structural metals when used must be
			 designed to carry an equivalent load. No dissimilar metals shall be used
			 together.
(3) A medium duty tube and coupler scaffold shall consist of no
			 less than nominal two-inch O.D. steel tubing in all posts, runners, and
			 bracing. Where the posts are spaced no farther apart than five feet by eight
			 feet, the bearers shall also be no less than nominal two-inch O.D. steel
			 tubing. Where the posts are spaced at greater distances apart than five feet by
			 eight feet, the bearers shall be of not less than nominal two and one-half inch
			 O.D. steel tubing but, in no event, may the posts of a medium duty tube and
			 coupler scaffold be spaced farther apart than six feet by eight feet. Other
			 structural metals, when used, must be capable of carrying a load equivalent to
			 the load supportable by the prescribed tube and coupler scaffold. No dissimilar
			 metals shall be used together.
(4) A heavy duty tube and coupler scaffold shall have all
			 posts, runners, and bracing of nominal two-inch O.D. steel tubing, with the
			 posts spaced no more than six feet by six feet six inches. Other structural
			 metals, when used, must be designed to carry an equivalent load. No dissimilar
			 metals shall be used together.
(5) Tube and coupler scaffolds shall be limited in heights and
			 working levels to those permitted in Tables 10-7 to 10-9. Drawings and
			 specifications of all tube and coupler scaffolds above the limitations in
			 Tables 10-7 to 10-9 shall be designed by a qualified engineer competent in this
			 field.
(6) Posts shall be accurately spaced, erected on suitable
			 bases, and maintained plumb.
(7) Runners shall be erected along the length of the scaffold,
			 located on both the inside and the outside posts at even heights. Runners shall
			 be interlocked to the inside and the outside posts at even heights. Runners
			 shall be interlocked to form continuous lengths and coupled to each post. The
			 bottom runners shall be located as close to the base as possible. Runners shall
			 be placed no more than six feet six inches on centers.
(8) Bearers shall be installed transversely between posts and
			 shall be securely coupled to the posts bearing on the runner coupler. When
			 coupled directly to the runners, the coupler must be kept as close to the posts
			 as possible.
(9) Bearers shall extend past the post and
			 runners.
(10) Cross bracing shall be
			 installed across the width of the scaffold no less than every third set of
			 posts horizontally and every fourth runner vertically. Such bracing shall
			 extend diagonally from the inner and outer runners upward to the next outer and
			 inner runners.
(11) Longitudinal diagonal
			 bracing on the inner and outer rows of poles shall be installed at
			 approximately a forty-five degree angle from near the base of the first outer
			 post upward to the extreme top of the scaffold. Where the longitudinal length
			 of the scaffold permits, such bracing shall be duplicated beginning at every
			 fifth post. In a similar manner, longitudinal diagonal bracing shall also be
			 installed from the last post extending back and upward toward the first post.
			 Where conditions preclude the attachment of this bracing to the posts, it may
			 be attached to the runners.
(12) The entire scaffold shall
			 be tied to and securely braced against the building at intervals not to exceed
			 thirty feet horizontally and twenty-six feet vertically.
Uniformlydistributed load
Not to exceed 25p.s.f.
Post spacing(longitudinal)
10 ft. 0in.
Post spacing(transverse)
Workinglevels
Additional plankedlevels
Maximumheight
1
 8
125ft.
2
4
125ft.
3
0
91ft. 0 in.
Uniformlydistributed load
Not to exceed 50p.s.f
Post spacing(longitudinal)
8 ft. 6in.
Post spacing(transverse)
6 ft. 0in
Workinglevels
Additional plankedlevels
Maximumheight
1
6
125ft
2
0
78 ft. 0 in.
Uniformlydistributed load
Not to exceed 75p.s.f.
Post spacing(longitudinal)
6 ft. 6in.
Post spacing(transverse)
6 ft. 0in.
Workinglevels
Additional plankedlevels
Maximumheight
1
6
125ft.
(F) Tubular welded frame scaffolds.
(1) Scaffolds shall
			 be properly braced by diagonal braces for securing vertical members together
			 laterally, and the cross braces shall be of such length as will automatically
			 square and align vertical members so that the erected scaffold is always plumb,
			 square, and rigid. All brace connections shall be made secure.
(2) Scaffold legs shall be set on adjustable bases or plain
			 bases placed on mud sills or other adequate foundations.
(3) The frames shall be placed one on top of the other with
			 coupling or stacking pins to provide proper vertical alignment of the
			 legs.
(4) Where uplift may occur, panels shall be locked together
			 vertically by pins or other equivalent suitable means.
(5)  Supported scaffolds with a height to base width (including
			 outrigger supports if used) ratio of more than four to one shall be secured to
			 the building or structure at intervals not to exceed thirty feet horizontally
			 and twenty-six feet vertically.
(6) Maximum permissible spans or planking shall be in
			 conformity with paragraph (C)(7) of this rule.
(G) Manually propelled mobile scaffolds.
(1) When
			 free-standing mobile scaffold towers are used, the height of the work platform
			 shall not exceed four times the minimum base dimension.
(2) Casters shall be properly designed for strength and
			 dimensions to support four times the maximum rated load. All casters shall be
			 provided with a locking device to hold the scaffold in position.
(3) Scaffolds shall be properly braced by cross bracing and
			 horizontal bracing conforming with paragraph (F)(1) of this rule.
(4) Platforms shall be tightly planked for the full width of
			 the scaffold except for necessary entrance opening. Platforms shall be secured
			 in place.
(5) A ladder or stairway shall be provided for proper access
			 and exit and shall be affixed or built into the scaffold and so located that
			 when in use it will not have a tendency to tip the scaffold. A landing platform
			 must be provided at intervals not to exceed thirty-five feet.
(6) Provision shall be made to stabilize the tower during
			 movement from one location to another.
(7) The employer shall not require employees to ride on
			 manually propelled scaffolds unless the following conditions
			 exist:
(a) The floor or surface is within three degrees of level and
				free from pits, holes, or obstructions;
(b) When ready for rolling the height of the
				work platform shall not exceed two times the narrowest dimension of the base;
				when outriggers are used they shall be included in the base dimension and shall
				be installed on both sides of the staging;
(c) The wheels are equipped with rubber or
				similar resilient tires;
(d) All tools and materials are secured or
				removed from the platform before the mobile scaffold is moved.
(H) Elevated work platforms and self-propelled elevated work
		  platforms.
(1) The minimum
			 rated work load of a platform shall be no less than two hundred fifty pounds.
			 The work platform and all structural components shall have a factor of safety
			 of no less than four.
(2) Any work platform when raised to its maximum working height
			 shall be capable of sustaining without reaching instability, a horizontal force
			 of fifty pounds applied to any point on the platform while the platform is
			 carrying the working load.
(3) The base shall not be used or placed on an inclined surface
			 unless leveled by a device that is part of the unit.
(4) Work platform elevating assemblies.
(a) Factors of safety of elevating assembly.
(i) Where the platform is supporting its
				  working load by a system of wire ropes or lift chains, or both, the factor of
				  safety of the wire or chain shall be no less than six.
(ii) All critical components of a hydraulic or pneumatic system
				  used in a work platform shall have a bursting strength that exceeds the
				  pressure attained when the system is subjected to the equivalent of four times
				  the maximum rated load. Critical components are those in which a failure would
				  result in a free fall. All noncritical hydraulic components shall have a
				  bursting factor of safety of no less than two.
(b) Systems protection.
(i) Where the elevation of the platform is
				  accomplished by an electromechanical assembly, or a hydraulic or pneumatic
				  cylinder assembly, the system shall be so equipped as to prevent free fall in
				  the event of a power failure.
(ii) Where the elevation of the platform is accomplished by a
				  hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder assembly, the system shall be so equipped as to
				  prevent free fall in the event of a hydraulic or pneumatic line
				  failure.
(iii) Where the elevation of the platform is accomplished by a
				  single hoist cable, the system shall be protected by a broken-cable safety
				  device.
(iv) Where the elevation of the platform is accomplished by
				  manual-mechanical or manual-hydraulic assembly, the assembly shall be equipped
				  to prevent free fall in case of failure.
(c) Controls.
(i) Any powered work platform shall have
				  both upper and lower control devices. Controls shall be plainly marked as to
				  their function and guarded to prevent accidental operation. The upper control
				  device shall be in or beside the platform, within easy reach of the operator.
				  The lower control device shall have the capability to lower the platform where
				  the operator's safety is in jeopardy.
(ii) Each elevated work platform shall be equipped with a clear
				  visible instruction plate stating:
(a) Rated capacity;
(b) Maximum platform height;
(c) Special warning or restrictions necessary
					 for safe operation.
(iii) Protection to personnel.
(a) Pinch points and shear points shall be guarded with a barrier
					 to prevent accidental or inadvertent entrapment of personnel while the work
					 platform is being operated.
(b) All rotating shafts, gearing, and other
					 moving parts shall be guarded.
(I) Outrigger scaffolds.
See appendix to this rule for examples of
		  outrigger scaffolds.
(1) Outrigger beams
			 shall extend no more than six feet beyond the face of the building. The inboard
			 end of the outrigger beams, measured from the fulcrum point to anchorage point,
			 shall be no less than one and one-half times the outboard end in length. The
			 beams shall rest on edge, the sides shall be plumb, and the edges shall be
			 horizontal. The fulcrum point of the beam shall rest on a secure bearing no
			 less than six inches in each horizontal dimension. The beam shall be secured in
			 place against movement and shall be securely braced at the fulcrum point
			 against movement and shall be securely braced at the fulcrum point against
			 tipping.
(2) The inboard ends of outrigger beams shall be securely
			 anchored either by means of struts bearing against sills in contact with the
			 overhead beams or ceiling, or by means of tension members secured to the floor
			 joists underfoot, or by both if necessary. The inboard ends of outrigger beams
			 shall be secured against tipping and the entire supporting structure shall be
			 securely braced in both directions to prevent any horizontal
			 movement.
(3) Unless outrigger scaffolds are designed by a professional
			 engineer competent in this field, they shall be constructed and erected in
			 accordance with "Table 10-10." Outrigger scaffolds, designed by a
			 professional engineer, shall provide equivalent or greater safeguards than
			 those required herein.
(4) Planking shall be laid tight and shall extend to within
			 three inches of the building wall. Planking shall be secured to the
			 beams.
Table 10-10. Minimum nominal size and maximum
			 spacing of members of outrigger scaffolds.
Light duty
Medium duty
Maximum scaffoldload.
25p.s.f.
50p.s.f.
Outrigger size
2 x 10 in.
3 x 10 in.
Maximum outrigger spacing.
10 ft. 0 in.
6 ft. 0 in.
Planking
2 x 10 in.
2 x 10in.
Guardrail
2 x 4 in.
2 x 4 in.
Guardrail uprights
2 x 4 in.
2 x 4 in.
Toeboards
4 in.(minimum).
4in. (minimum).
(J) Masons' adjustable multiple-point suspension
		  scaffolds.
See appendix to this rule for examples of
		  masons' adjustable multiple-point suspension scaffolds.
(1) The scaffold
			 shall be capable of sustaining a working load of fifty pounds per square foot
			 and shall not be loaded in excess of that figure.
(2) The scaffold shall be provided with hoisting machines that
			 meet the requirements of
			  an approved
			 testing laboratory.
(3) The platform shall be supported by wire ropes, capable of
			 supporting no less than six times the intended load, suspend from overhead
			 outrigger beams.
(4) The scaffold outrigger beams shall consist of structural
			 metal securely fastened or anchored to the frame or floor system of the
			 building or structure.
(5) Where an outrigger beam does not project more than six feet
			 six inches beyond the bearing point, it shall be equivalent in the strength to
			 no less than a standard seven-inch, fifteen and three-tenths-pound steel I-beam
			 no less than fifteen feet long.
(6) Where the overhang exceeds six feet six inches, outrigger
			 beams shall be composed of stronger beams or multiple beams, providing
			 proportionally greater strength than that required in paragraph (J)(5) of this
			 rule.
(7) All outrigger beams shall be set and maintained with their
			 webs in a vertical position.
(8) A stop bolt shall be placed at each end of every outrigger
			 beam.
(9) The outrigger beam shall rest on suitable wood bearing
			 blocks.
(10) The free end of the
			 suspension wire ropes shall be equipped with proper size thimbles and secured
			 by splicing or other equivalent means. The running ends shall be securely
			 attached to the hoisting drum and no less than four turns of wire rope shall at
			 all times remain on the drum. The use of fiber rope is prohibited.
(11) Where a single outrigger
			 beam is used, the steel shackles or clevises with which the wire ropes are
			 attached to the outrigger beams shall be placed directly over the hoisting
			 drum.
(12) The scaffold platform
			 shall be equivalent in strength to no less than two-inch planking.
(13) When employees are at
			 work on the scaffold and a hazard exists from overhead, overhead protection
			 shall be provided on the scaffold, no more than nine feet above the platform,
			 consisting of two-inch planking, or material of equivalent strength, laid
			 tight, and extending no less than the width of the scaffold.
(K) Two-point suspension scaffolds (swinging
		  scaffolds).
See appendix to this rule for examples of
		  swinging scaffolds.
(1) Two-point
			 suspension scaffold platforms shall be no more than thirty-six inches wide
			 overall. The platform shall be securely fastened to the hangers by U-bolts or
			 by other equivalent means.
(2) The hangers of two-point suspension scaffolds shall be made
			 of mild steel, or other equivalent materials, having a cross-sectional area
			 capable of sustaining four times the maximum rated load, and shall be
			 constructed to accommodate a guardrail, intermediate rail, and
			 toeboard.
(3) When hoisting machines are used on two-point suspension
			 scaffolds, such machines shall be of a design tested and approved by
			 an approved
			 testing laboratory.
(4) Employees shall not be required to use a bridge between, or
			 to move directly from, one swinging scaffold and another unless the platforms
			 are at the same height, are abutting, and walk through stirrups specifically
			 designed for this purpose are used.
(5) The roof irons or hooks shall be of mild steel, or other
			 equivalent material, of proper size and design, securely installed and
			 anchored. Tiebacks of three-quarter-inch manila rope, or the equivalent, shall
			 serve as an additional means of anchorage, installed at right angles to the
			 face of the building, whenever possible, and secured to a structurally sound
			 portion of the building.
(6) Two-point suspension scaffolds shall be suspended by wire,
			 synthetic, or fiber ropes capable of supporting no less than six times the
			 maximum rated load. All other components shall be capable of supporting no less
			 than four times the maximum rated load.
(7) The sheaves of all blocks shall fit the size and type of
			 rope used.
(8) No more than two employees shall be required to be on a
			 two-point suspension scaffold designed for a working load of five hundred
			 pounds at any time. No more than three employees shall be required to be on a
			 two-point suspension scaffold designed for a working load of seven hundred
			 pounds, at any time. Each employee shall be protected by an approved safety
			 belt or harness attached to a lifeline. The lifeline shall be securely attached
			 to substantial members of the structure (not scaffold) or to securely rigged
			 lines, which will safely suspend the employee in case of a fall.
(9) Two-point suspension scaffolds shall be securely lashed to
			 the building or structure to prevent from swaying. Window cleaners'
			 anchors shall not be used for this purpose.
(10) The platform of every
			 two-point suspension scaffold shall be one of the following types:
(a) Ladder-type platforms.
Ladder-type platforms shall be capable of
				sustaining four times the maximum rated load and shall be constructed in
				accordance with "Table 10-11."
(b) Plank-type platforms.
Plank-type platforms shall be composed of no
				less than "Scaffold Grade" two-inch by ten-inch unspliced planks,
				properly cleated together on the underside, starting six inches from each end;
				intervals in between shall not exceed four feet. The plank-type platform shall
				not extend beyond the hangers more than twelve inches. A bar or other effective
				means shall be securely fastened to the platform at each end to prevent its
				slipping off the hanger. The span between hangers for plank-type platforms
				shall not exceed eight feet.
(c) Beam-type platforms.
Beam-type platforms shall have side stringers
				of lumber no less than two inches by six inches set on edge. The span between
				hangers shall not exceed twelve feet when beam platforms are used. The flooring
				shall be supported on two-inch by six-inch cross beams, laid flat and set into
				the upper edge of the stringers with a snug fit, at intervals of no more than
				four feet, securely nailed in place. The flooring shall be of one-inch by
				six-inch material, or equivalent, properly nailed. Floor boards shall be spaced
				no more than one-half-inch apart.
(d) Light metal-type platforms.
Approved light metal-type platforms shall
				meet the requirements of paragraph (C)(2) of this rule.
Table 10-11. Schedule for ladder-type
				platforms.
(L) Single-point adjustable suspension scaffolds.
(1) The
			 scaffolding, including power units or manually operated winches, shall be of an
			 approved type and meet the requirements of paragraph (C)(2) of this
			 rule.
(2) All power-operated gears and brakes shall be
			 enclosed.
(3) In addition to the normal operating brake, all power-driven
			 units shall have an emergency brake which engages automatically when the normal
			 speed of descent is exceeded.
(4) The units may be combined to form a two-point suspension
			 scaffold. Such scaffold shall then comply with paragraph (K) of this
			 rule.
(5) The supporting cable shall be vertical for its entire
			 length.
(6) Suspension methods shall conform to applicable provisions
			 of paragraphs (J) and (K) of this rule.
(7) The employee shall be protected by a safety harness and lifeline in accordance with paragraph (J) of
			 rule 4123:1-3-03 of the Administrative Code. The attachment point of the
			 lifeline to the structure shall be appropriately changed as the work
			 progresses.
(M) Boatswains' chairs.
(1) When
			 constructed of wood the chair seat shall be no less than twelve inches by
			 twenty-four inches by one-inch thickness, reinforced by cleats on the underside
			 to prevent splitting. A chair of the same size may be constructed of material
			 of equal strength.
(2) Seat slings shall be of no less than five-eighths-inch
			 diameter, "First Grade" manila rope, or its equivalent, which shall
			 be reeved through the four seat holes so as to cross each other on the
			 underside of the seat.
(3) Seat slings shall be of no less than three-eighths-inch
			 wire rope when an employee is conducting a heat-producing process, such as gas
			 or arc welding.
(4) The employee shall be protected by a safety belt or harness
			 and lifeline in accordance with paragraph (J) of rule 4123:1-3-03 of the
			 Administrative Code. The attachment point of the lifeline to the structure
			 shall be appropriately changed as the work progresses.
(5) The tackle shall consist of correct size ball bearing or
			 bushed blocks and properly spliced five-eighths-inch diameter, "First
			 Grade" manila rope, or equivalent.
(6) The roofirons, hooks, or the object to which the tackle is
			 anchored, shall be securely installed. Tiebacks shall be installed at right
			 angles to the face of the building and securely fastened when using wall
			 hooks.
(N) Carpenters' bracket scaffolds.
(1) The brackets
			 shall consist of a triangular wood frame no less than two inches by three
			 inches in cross section, or of metal of equivalent strength. Each member shall
			 be properly fitted and securely joined.
(2) Each bracket shall be secured to the structure by a means
			 which shall provide a factor of safety of no less than four.
(3) The brackets shall be spaced no more than eight feet
			 apart.
(4) The platform shall consist of no less than two two-inch by
			 ten-inch "Scaffold Grade" planks extending no more than twelve inches
			 or less than six inches beyond each and support.
(O) Bricklayers' square scaffolds.
(1) Bricklayers' square scaffolds shall conform to
			 "Table 10-12" and the square shall not exceed five feet in width and
			 five feet in height.
(2) The squares shall be reinforced on both sides of each
			 corner with one-inch by six-inch gusset pieces. They shall also have diagonal
			 braces one inch by eight inches on both sides running from center to center of
			 each member, or other means to secure equivalent strength and
			 rigidity.
(3) The squares shall be set no more than five feet apart for
			 medium duty scaffolds, and no more than eight feet apart for light duty
			 scaffolds. Bracing, one inch by eight inches, extending from the bottom of each
			 square to the top of the next square, shall be provided on both front and rear
			 sides of the scaffold.
(4) Platform planks shall be no less than two-inch by ten-inch
			 "Scaffold Grade." The ends of the planks shall overlap the bearers of
			 the squares and each plank shall be supported by no less than three
			 squares.
(5) Bricklayers' square scaffold shall not exceed three
			 tiers in height and shall be so constructed and arranged that one square shall
			 rest directly above the other. The upper tiers shall stand on a continuous row
			 of planks laid across the next lower tier and be nailed down or otherwise
			 secured to prevent displacement.
(6) Scaffolds shall be level and plumb and set upon a firm
			 foundation.
Table 10-12. Minimum dimensions for
			 bricklayers' square scaffold members.
Members
Dimensions
Bearers or horizontal members
2 x 6 in.
Legs
2 x 6in.
Braces at corners
1 x 6 in.
Braces diagonally from centerframe
1 x 8in.
(P) Foot scaffolds.
(1) Foot scaffolds
			 shall not exceed eighteen inches in height, measured from the level upon which
			 the supports are placed.
(2) Foot scaffolds imposed on other scaffolds when supported on
			 brick or tile, shall be limited to eighteen inches in height and have a bearing
			 surface of no less than ninety-six square inches. Supports shall be no more
			 than seven feet cent to center.
(Q) Horse scaffolds.
(1) Horse scaffolds
			 shall not be constructed or arranged more than two tiers in
			 height.
(2) The members of the horses shall be no less than those
			 specified in "Table 10-13."
(3) Horses shall be spaced no more than five feet for medium
			 duty and no more than eight feet for light duty.
(4) When arranged in tiers, each horse shall be placed directly
			 over the horse in the tier below.
(5) On all scaffolds arranged in tiers, the legs shall be
			 nailed down or otherwise secured to the planks to prevent displacement or
			 thrust and each tier shall be substantially cross braced.
(6) Defective or damaged horses or parts shall not be
			 used.
Table 10-13. Minimum dimensions for horse
			 scaffold members.
Members
Dimensions
Horizontal members orbearers
3 x 4in.
Legs
1-1/4 x 4-1/2 in.
Longitudinal brace betweenlegs
1 x 6in.
Gusset brace at top of legs
1 x 8 in.
Half diagonalbraces
1-1/4 x4-1/2 in.
(R) Chimney, stack, or tank bracket scaffolds.
(1) Minimum
			 width.
The minimum width of platform shall be no less
			 than eighteen inches.
(2) Spacer blocks.
Spacer blocks, large enough to hold the
			 suspending cable away form the structure, shall be provided.
(3) Ascending and descending.
For ascending to and descending from a chimney,
			 stack or tank bracket scaffold, a scaling ladder or boatswain's chair
			 shall be provided.
(4) Platforms on masonry chimneys or stacks.
Platforms supported on the rim of masonry
			 chimneys or stacks are prohibited.
(5) Inside scaffolds.
In construction of chimneys or stacks where an
			 inside scaffold is being used, the working platform shall be no less than
			 eighteen inches below the top of the wall.
(6) Guardrails.
Chimney, stack, or tank bracket scaffolds shall
			 be provided with standard guardrails, but no guardrail is required when safety
			 belts or harness with lifelines are provided.
(S) Needle beam scaffolds.
(1) Wood needle
			 beams shall be no less than four inches by six inches in size, with the greater
			 dimensions placed in a vertical direction. Metal beams or the equivalent,
			 conforming to paragraph (C)(2) of this rule may be used and shall not be
			 altered or moved horizontally while they are in use.
(2) Ropes or hangers shall be provided for supports. The span
			 between supports on the needle beam shall not exceed ten feet for four-inch by
			 six-inch timbers. Rope supports shall be equivalent in strength to one-inch
			 diameter "First Grade" manila rope.
(3) The scaffold shall be rigged so as to prevent the needle
			 beam from rolling or becoming otherwise displaced.
(4) The platform span between the need beams shall not exceed
			 eight feet when using two-inch "Scaffold Grade" planks. For spans
			 greater than eight feet, platforms shall be constructed based on design
			 requirements for the special span. The overhang of each end of the platform
			 planks shall be no less than six inches and no more than twelve inches. Planks
			 shall be secured against displacement.
(5) All unattached tools, bolts, and nuts used on needle beam
			 scaffolds shall be kept in suitable containers, properly secured.
(6) One end of a needle beam scaffold may be supported by a
			 permanent structural member conforming to paragraph (C)(2) of this
			 rule.
(7) Each employee working on a needle beam scaffold shall be
			 protected by a safety harness and lifeline in
			 accordance with paragraph (J) of rule 4123:1-3-03 of the Administrative
			 Code.
(T) Interior hung scaffolds.
(1) An interior
			 hung scaffold shall be hung or suspended from a structure capable of providing
			 a factor of safety of no less than four.
(2) The suspending wire or fiber rope shall be capable of
			 supporting no less than six times the maximum rated load.
(3) The scaffold shall be designed to sustain a working load
			 with a factor of safety of no less than four.
(4) For wood scaffolds, the following minimum "Scaffold
			 Grade" material shall be used:
(a) Supporting bearers, two inches by ten inches on
				edge;
(b) Planking, two inches by ten inches, with
				maximum span of seven feet for heavy duty and ten feet for light duty or medium
				duty.
(5) Steel tube and coupler members may be used for such type
			 scaffolds.
(U) Ladder jack scaffolds.
(1) All ladder jack
			 scaffolds shall be limited to light duty and shall not exceed a height of
			 twenty feet above the floor or ground.
(2) All ladders used in connection with ladder jack scaffolds
			 shall be heavy duty ladders. Cleated ladder shall not be used for this
			 purpose.
(3) The ladder jack shall be so designed and constructed that
			 it will bear on the side rails in addition to the ladder rungs, or if bearing
			 on rungs only, the bearing area shall be no less than ten inches on each
			 rung.
(4) Ladder used in conjunction with ladder jacks shall be so
			 placed, fastened, held, or equipped with devices so as to prevent
			 slipping.
(5) The platform shall be "Scaffold Grade," two-inch
			 by ten-inch plank, or material of equal strength. Planks shall overlap the
			 bearing surface no less than twelve inches. The span between supports shall not
			 exceed eight feet. Platform width shall be no less than eighteen inches and
			 provide a factor of safety of no less than four.
(V) Window jack scaffolds.
(1) Window jack
			 scaffolds shall be used only for the purpose of working at the window opening
			 through which the jack is placed.
(2) Window jacks shall not be used to support planks spaced
			 between one window jack and another or for other elements of
			 scaffolding.
(3) Window jack scaffolds shall be provided with standard
			 guardrails unless safety belts or harnesses with lifelines are attached and
			 provided for the employee.
(4) No more than one employee shall be required to occupy a
			 window jack scaffold.
(W) Float or ship scaffolds.
See appendix to this rule for examples of float
		  or ship scaffolds.
(1) No more than
			 three employees shall be required to occupy a float or ship
			 scaffold.
(2) The platform shall be no less than three feet wide and six
			 feet long, made of three-quarter-inch plywood, equal to "American Plywood
			 Association Grade B-B, Group I, Exterior," or other equivalent
			 material.
(3) Under the platform, there shall be two supporting bearers
			 made from two-inch by four-inch, or one-inch by ten-inch, rough, select lumber
			 or better. Bearers shall be free of knots or other flaws and project six inches
			 beyond the platform on both sides. The ends of the platform shall extend six
			 inches beyond the outer edges of the bearers. Each bearer shall be securely
			 fastened to the platform.
(4) An edging of wood no less than three-fourths by one and
			 one-half inches shall be placed around all sides of the platform to prevent
			 tools from rolling off.
(5) Supporting ropes shall be one-inch diameter manila rope, or
			 equivalent, providing a factor of safety of no less than six. Rope connections
			 shall be such that the platform cannot shift or slip. Two ropes shall be used
			 with each float, arranged so as to provide four ends which are to be securely
			 fastened to an overhead support. Each of the two supporting ropes shall be
			 securely fastened around one end of the bearer and pass under the platform to
			 the other end of the bearer where it shall be securely fastened again, leaving
			 sufficient rope at each end for the supporting ties.
(X) Form scaffolds.
See appendix to this rule for examples of various
		  types of form scaffolds covered under this rule.
(1) General
			 requirements for all form scaffolds.
(a) All form scaffolds and their components shall be capable of
				supporting without failure no less than four times the maximum rated
				load.
(b) Maximum permissible spans shall not exceed
				eight feet on centers for two-inch by ten-inch "Scaffold Grade"
				planking. Scaffold planks shall be securely fastened to the ledgers or of such
				length that they overlap the ledgers no less than six inches. Unsupported
				projecting ends of scaffolding planks of all form scaffolds shall be limited to
				a maximum overhang of twelve inches.
(2) Figure-four form scaffolds.
Figure-four form scaffolds are intended for
			 light duty and shall not be used to support loads exceeding twenty-five pounds
			 per square foot unless specifically designed for heavier loading. Frames shall
			 be spaced no more than eight feet on centers. (For minimum design criteria, see
			 "Table 10-14").
Table 10-14. Minimum design criteria for
			 figure-four form scaffolds.
Members
Dimensions
Uprights
2 x 4 in. or 2 x 6 in.
Outrigger ledgers(two)
1 x 6in.
Braces
1 x 6 in.
Guardrails
2 x 4 in.
Guardrail height
Approximately 42in.
Intermediate guardrails
1 x 6 in.
Toeboards
4 in. (minimum)
Maximum length ofledgers
3 ft.6 in. (unsupported)
Planking
2 x 10 in.
Uprightspacing
8 ft.0 in. (on centers)
(3) Metal bracket form scaffolds.
(a) Metal brackets or scaffold jacks which are an integral part
				of the form shall be securely bolted or welded to the form. Folding type
				brackets shall be either bolted or secured with a locking type pin when
				extended for use.
(b) "Clip-on" or
				"hook-over" brackets may be used, provided the form walers are bolted
				to the form or secured by snap ties or shea-bolt extending through the form and
				securely anchored.
(c) Metal brackets shall be spaced no more than
				eight feet on centers.
(d) Scaffold planks shall be either bolted to
				the metal brackets or of such length that they overlap the brackets at each end
				by no less than six inches. Unsupported projecting ends of scaffolding planks
				shall be limited to a maximum overhang of twelve inches.
(e) Metal bracket form scaffolds shall be
				equipped with standard guardrails and toeboards, meeting the minimum dimensions
				shown in "Table 10-15."
Table 10-15. Minimum design criteria for
				metal bracket form scaffolds.
Members
Dimensions
Uprights
2 x 4 in.
Guardrails
2 x 4 in.
Guardrailheight
Approximately 42 in.
Intermediate guardrails
1 x 6in.
Toeboards
4 in. (minimum)
Planking
2 x 9 in.
(4) Wooden bracket form scaffolds.
Wooden bracket form scaffolds shall be an
			 integral part of the form panel. The minimum design criteria set forth herein
			 and in "Table 10-16" cover scaffolding intended for light duty and
			 shall not be used to support loads exceeding twenty-five pounds per square
			 foot, unless specifically designed for heavier loading.
Table 10-16. Minimum design criteria for wooden
			 bracket form scaffolds.
Members
Dimensions
Uprights
2 x 4 in. or2 x 6 in.
Supportledgers
2 x 6in.
Maximum scaffoldwidth
3 ft. 6in.
Braces
1 x 6 in.
Guardrails
2 x 4in.
Guardrailheight
Approximately 42in.
Intermediateguardrails
1 x 6in.
Toeboards
4 in.(minimum)
Uprightspacing
8 ft. 0 in. (oncenters)
(Y) Pump jack scaffolds.
(1) Pump jack
			 scaffolds shall:
(a) Not carry a working load exceeding five hundred pounds;
				and
(b) Be capable of supporting no less than four
				times the maximum rated load.
(c) The manufactured components shall not be
				loaded in excess of the manufacturer's recommended limits.
(2) Each pump jack bracket shall have two gripping mechanisms
			 to prevent any failure or slippage.
(3) The platform bracket shall be fully decked and the planking
			 secured. Planking, or equivalent, shall conform with paragraph (C)(7) of this
			 rule.
(4) Poles and bracing.
(a) When wood scaffold planks are used as platforms, poles for
				pump jacks shall be spaced no more than ten feet center to center. When
				fabricated platforms are used that fully comply with all other provisions of
				this section, pole spacing may exceed ten feet center to center.
(b) Poles shall not exceed thirty feet in
				height.
(c) Poles shall be secured to the work surface
				by rigid triangular bracing, or equivalent, at the bottom, top and other points
				as necessary, to provide a maximum vertical spacing of no more than ten feet
				between braces. Each brace shall be capable of supporting a minimum of two
				hundred twenty-five pounds tension and compression.
(d) For the pump jack bracket to pass bracing
				already installed, an extra brace shall be used approximately four feet above
				the one to be passed until the original brace is reinstalled.
(e) All poles shall bear on mud sills or other
				firm foundations.
(f) Pole lumber shall be two-by-fours, of
				Douglas fir, or equivalent, straight-grained, clear, free of cross-grain,
				shakes, large knots, and other defects which might impair
				strength.
(g) When poles are constructed of two
				continuous lengths, they shall be two-by-fours, spiked together with the seam
				parallel to the bracket, and with ten-penny common nails, no more than twelve
				inches center to center, staggered uniformly from opposite outside
				edges.
(h) If two-by-fours are spliced to make up the
				pole, the splices shall be so constructed as to develop the full strength of
				the member.
(5) A ladder shall be provided for access to the platform
			 during use.
(6) No more than two employees shall be required at any time to
			 be on a pump jack scaffold between any two supports.
(7) Pump jack scaffolds shall be provided with standard
			 guardrails, but no guardrail is required when safety harnesses with lifelines are provided for employees.
(8) When a work bench is used at an approximate height of
			 forty-two inches, the top guardrail may be omitted in the space occupied by the
			 work bench, if the work bench is fully decked, the decking is secure, and is
			 capable of withstanding two hundred pounds pressure in any
			 direction.
(9) Employees shall not be required to use a work bench as a
			 scaffold platform.
(Z) Stilts.
 Stilts shall be equipped with "feet"
		  of skid resistant material. Means shall be provided to securely fasten the
		  stilts to employee's feet and legs. The floor in the work area shall be
		  maintained free of debris and other possible hazards.

View Appendix

Last updated June 9, 2021 at 8:14 AM